Engineering Escherichia coli for constitutive production of monophosphoryl lipid A vaccine adjuvant.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, expedient vaccine production has been slowed by the shortage of safe and effective raw materials, such as adjuvants, essential components to enhance the efficacy of vaccines. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) is a potent and safe adjuvant used in human vaccines, including the Shingles vaccine, Shingrix. 3-O-desacyl-4'-monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL), a representative MPLA adjuvant commercialized by GSK, was prepared via chemical conversion of precursors isolated from Salmonella typhimurium R595.

All-Polymer Solar Cells Approaching 12% Efficiency with a New π-Conjugated Polymer Donor Enabled by a Nonhalogenated Solvent Process.

High efficiency and nonhalogenated solvent processing are important issues for commercial application of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs). In this regard, we increased the photovoltaic performance of all-PSCs to a benchmark power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.66% by manipulating the pre-aggregation of a new π-conjugated polymer donor (Nap-SiBTz) using toluene as a solvent.

and Inhibitory Effects of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide against f. sp. Isolated from Stored Sweetpotato: Study II.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO) has been widely used as an effective disinfectant to control fungal contamination during postharvest crop storage. In this study, f. sp.

and Inhibitory Effects of Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide Against Isolated from Stored Sweetpotato.

Chlorine dioxide (ClO) can be used as an alternative disinfectant for controlling fungal contamination during postharvest storage. In this study, we tested the and inhibitory effects of gaseous ClO against SP-d1, the causal agent of sweetpotato dry rot. In tests, spore suspensions of SP-d1 spread on acidified potato dextrose agar were treated with various ClO concentrations (1-20 ppm) for 0-60 min.

Presence of sarcopenia in asthma-COPD overlap syndrome may be a risk factor for decreased bone-mineral density, unlike asthma: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) IV and V (2008-2011).

Background: Sarcopenia and decreased bone-mineral density (BMD) are common in elderly people, and are major comorbidities of obstructive airway disease (OAD). However, the relationship between sarcopenia and BMD in each OAD phenotype, especially asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), is not yet clear. We aimed to evaluate differences in BMD according to the presence of sarcopenia in each OAD phenotype.

Immunoglobulin E-mediated hypersensitivity reaction after intraperitoneal administration of vancomycin.

Intraperitoneal (IP) vancomycin is widely used to treat Gram-positive peritonitis associated with peritoneal dialysis. There have been two cases of red man syndrome (RMS), a vancomycin-specific nonimmunologic reaction, associated with IP vancomycin. However, immune-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to IP vancomycin has not yet been reported.

Paradoxical increase of IgE binding components during allergen-specific immunotherapy in pollinosis patients.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) reduces allergen specific IgE (sIgE) levels and achieves clinical and immunological tolerance by modulating innate and adaptive immunological responses. Increased temperature and CO2 concentrations caused by climate changes contribute to an increase of pollen count and allergenicity that influences clinical SIT outcomes. In this study, we investigated the changes of IgE binding components to tree and weed pollens in pollinosis patients who showed a paradoxical increase of serum sIgE level during pollen-SIT.

Diagnostic properties of the methacholine and mannitol bronchial challenge tests: a comparison study.

Background And Objective: Airway hyperresponsiveness is a common feature of asthma. Methacholine and mannitol are two representative agonists for bronchial challenge. They have theoretically different mechanisms of action, and may have different diagnostic properties.

Clinical course of patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease: can we predict the prognosis?

Aim: This study aimed to identify prognostic factors of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease by comparing clinical and genetic data with the clinical course.

Patients & Methods: Patients were classified into two groups according to their response to inhalation rechallenge with lysine-aspirin after at least 1 year of regular treatment with antiasthmatic medications.

Results: Forty eight patients (39.

Exogenously applied 24-epi brassinolide reduces lignification and alters cell wall carbohydrate biosynthesis in the secondary xylem of Liriodendron tulipifera.

The roles of brassinosteroids (BRs) in vasculature development have been implicated based on an analysis of Arabidopsis BR mutants and suspension cells of Zinnia elegans. However, the effects of BRs in vascular development of a woody species have not been demonstrated. In this study, 24-epi brassinolide (BL) was applied to the vascular cambium of a vertical stem of a 2-year-old Liriodendron, and the resulting chemical and anatomical phenotypes were characterized to uncover the roles of BRs in secondary xylem formation of a woody species.

Co-existence of chronic urticaria and metabolic syndrome: clinical implications.

A systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulating state occurs in subjects who have both chronic urticaria and metabolic syndrome. To investigate the prevalence and clinical impact of metabolic syndrome in Korean patients with chronic urticaria, a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 131 patients was performed. Metabolic syndrome was assessed by the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III.

IgE Sensitization to Cephalosporins in Health Care Workers.

Purpose: Cephalosporins can induce occupational allergies, such as asthma, urticaria, and anaphylaxis. We investigated the prevalence and risk factors of sensitization to cephalosporin.

Methods: A total of 161 health care workers (HCW), including 138 nurses and 23 pharmacists, and 86 unexposed non-atopic healthy controls were recruited from a single tertiary hospital and the general population.

Diagnostic value of the serum-specific IgE ratio of ω-5 gliadin to wheat in adult patients with wheat-induced anaphylaxis.

Background: Wheat is an important food allergen associated with severe allergic reactions, including wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) and wheat-induced anaphylaxis (WIA). To diagnose WDEIA, an exercise challenge test following wheat ingestion is performed, which is time-consuming and unsafe. The compound ω-5 gliadin has been identified as a major allergen for WDEIA and WIA.

Overexpression of constitutively active Arabidopsis RabG3b promotes xylem development in transgenic poplars.

An Arabidopsis small GTPase, RabG3b, was previously characterized as a component of autophagy and as a positive regulator for xylem development in Arabidopsis. In this work, we assessed whether RabG3b modulates xylem-associated traits in poplar in a similar way as in Arabidopsis. We generated transgenic poplars (Populus alba × Populus tremula var.

Vancomycin-associated spontaneous cutaneous adverse drug reactions.

Purpose: With the increase in vancomycin use, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with vancomycin have been reported increasingly more often. However, the characteristics of cutaneous ADRs with and without systemic reactions (SRs) have not been described. This study investigated the characteristics of spontaneously reported and assessed ADRs associated with vancomycin by a pharmacovigilance center.

EST analysis of functional genes associated with cell wall biosynthesis and modification in the secondary xylem of the yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) stem during early stage of tension wood formation.

A cDNA library was constructed from secondary xylem in the stem of a 2-year-old yellow poplar after being bent for 6 h with a 45° configuration to isolate genes related to cell wall modification during the early stages of tension wood formation. A total of 6,141 ESTs were sequenced to generate a database of 5,982 high-quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs). These sequences were clustered into 1,733 unigenes, including 822 contigs and 911 singletons.

Clinical characteristics of oral tolerance induction of IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated food allergy using interferon gamma.

Food allergies are classified as IgE-mediated food allergies (IFAs) and non-IgE-mediated food allergies (NFAs). Recently, oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been found to be successful for treating both IFA and NFA, especially using interferon (IFN) gamma. This study was designed to clarify the clinical characteristics of IFA and NFA and compare the therapeutic characteristics of OIT using subcutaneously administered IFN-gamma for both types of food allergy.

Eosinophilia as a predictor of food allergy in atopic dermatitis.

Food allergy plays an important role in atopic dermatitis (AD). Adequate predictors and guidelines for when dietary manipulation is indicated for AD are needed. The clinical significance of eosinophilia as a predictor for food allergy of late eczematous reactions in AD was investigated.