Inhibitory effects of K12 on formation of cariogenic biofilm.

Bacground/purpose: () K12 is known to be a probiotic bacterium. The purpose of this study was to investigate anti-cariogenic effects of K12 on cariogenic biofilm.

Materials And Methods: K12 was cultured in M17 broth.

Photoresponse Analysis of All-Inkjet-Printed Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors for Flexible Light-Insensitive Transparent Circuit Applications.

We report daylight-stable, transparent, and flexible single-walled carbon nanotube thin-film transistors (SWCNT TFTs) using an all-inkjet printing process. Although most of the previous reports classified SWCNT TFTs as photodetectors, we demonstrated that SWCNT films actually show two different types of photoresponses depending on the power levels of light sources. The electrical characteristics of SWCNT TFTs show no significant change under daily illumination conditions such as halogen lamps and sunlight, while under high-power laser illumination, they change as reported in the previous results.

Silent Speech Recognition with Strain Sensors and Deep Learning Analysis of Directional Facial Muscle Movement.

Silent communication based on biosignals from facial muscle requires accurate detection of its directional movement and thus optimally positioning minimum numbers of sensors for higher accuracy of speech recognition with a minimal person-to-person variation. So far, previous approaches based on electromyogram or pressure sensors are ineffective in detecting the directional movement of facial muscles. Therefore, in this study, high-performance strain sensors are used for separately detecting - and -axis strain.

Stretchable PPG sensor with light polarization for physical activity-permissible monitoring.

Skin-attachable sensors, which represent the ultimate form of wearable electronic devices that ensure conformal contact with skin, suffer from motion artifact limitations owing to relative changes in position between the sensor and skin during physical activities. In this study, a polarization-selective structure of a skin-conformable photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor was developed to decrease the amount of scattered light from the epidermis, which is the main cause of motion artifacts. The motion artifacts were suppressed more than 10-fold in comparison with those of rigid sensors.

Virulence of Filifactor alocis lipoteichoic acid on human gingival fibroblast.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate virulence of lipoteichoic acid extracted from Filifactor alocis (F. alocis) through comparison of previously known bacterial virulence factors.

Design: F.

Inkjet-Printing-Based Density Profile Engineering of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks for Conformable High-On/Off-Performance Thin-Film Transistors.

Random networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) offer new-form-factor electronics such as transparent, flexible, and intrinsically stretchable devices. However, the long-standing trade-off between carrier mobility and on/off ratio due to the coexistence of metallic and semiconducting nanotubes has limited the performance of SWCNT-random-network-based thin-film transistors (SWCNT TFTs), hindering their practical circuit-level applications. Methods for high-purity separation between metallic and semiconducting nanotubes have been proposed, but they require high cost and energy and are vulnerable to contamination and nanotube shortening, leading to performance degradation.

Standalone real-time health monitoring patch based on a stretchable organic optoelectronic system.

Skin-like health care patches (SHPs) are next-generation health care gadgets that will enable seamless monitoring of biological signals in daily life. Skin-conformable sensors and a stretchable display are critical for the development of standalone SHPs that provide real-time information while alleviating privacy concerns related to wireless data transmission. However, the production of stretchable wearable displays with sufficient pixels to display this information remains challenging.

Dense Assembly of Finely Patterned Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes via a Selective Transfer Method of Nanotube-Attracting Layers.

Development of technology for assembled single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) film with the fine resolution is an essential technique for penetrating practical electronic applications. A promising approach is the assembly method by adding a chemical-functionalizing substrate to enhance affinity between the SWCNTs and the substrate. However, the various introduced approaches for solution-based assembly have suffered from low SWCNT deposition selectivity or low SWCNT deposition density.

Inhibitory effect of Streptococcus salivarius K12 and M18 on halitosis in vitro.

Background: The aim of the study was to observe the antimicrobial activity of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola as well as the effect on reducing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs).

Materials And Methods: After P. gingivalis and T.

Efficacy of β-caryophyllene for periodontal disease related factors.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of β-caryophyllene against periodontopathogens as well as its inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and production of volatile sulfur compounds by lipopolysaccharide and periodontopathogenic enzymes, respectively.

Design: The antimicrobial activity of β-caryophyllene againstPorphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola was investigated via a susceptibility assay using a microplate reader. THP-1 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide in the presence or the absence of β-caryophyllene, and the expression and production of inflammatory cytokines were then analyzed by a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Inhibitory effects of β-caryophyllene on Streptococcus mutans biofilm.

Objective: The biofilm of Streptococcus mutans is associated with induction of dental caries. Also, they produce glucan as an extracellular polysaccharide through glucosyltransferases and help the formation of cariogenic biofilm. β-caryophyllene has been used for therapeutic agent in traditional medicine and has antimicrobial activity.

Bulk layered heterojunction as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution.

We describe the spontaneous formation of composite chalcogenide materials that consist of two-dimensional (2D) materials dispersed in bulk and their unusual charge transport properties for application in hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs). When MoS as a representative 2D material is deposited on transition metals (such as Cu) in a controlled manner, the sulfidation reactions also occur with the metal. This process results in remarkably unique structures, that is, bulk layered heterojunctions (BLHJs) of Cu-Mo-S that contain MoS flakes inside, which are uniformly dispersed in the CuS matrix.

CALCULATION OF GAMMA SPECTRA IN A PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR FOR ENERGY CALIBRATIONAND DOSE COMPUTATION.

Plastic scintillation detectors have practical advantages in the field of dosimetry. Energy calibration of measured gamma spectra is important for dose computation, but it is not simple in the plastic scintillators because of their different characteristics and a finite resolution. In this study, the gamma spectra in a polystyrene scintillator were calculated for the energy calibration and dose computation.

PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR FOR RADIATION DOSIMETRY.

Inorganic scintillators, composed of high-atomic-number materials such as the CsI(Tl) scintillator, are commonly used in commercially available a silicon diode and a scintillator embedded indirect-type electronic personal dosimeters because the light yield of the inorganic scintillator is higher than that of an organic scintillator. However, when it comes to tissue-equivalent dose measurements, a plastic scintillator such as polyvinyl toluene (PVT) is a more appropriate material than an inorganic scintillator because of the mass energy absorption coefficient. To verify the difference in the absorbed doses for each scintillator, absorbed doses from the energy spectrum and the calculated absorbed dose were compared.

Spatial charge separation in asymmetric structure of Au nanoparticle on TiO2 nanotube by light-induced surface potential imaging.

Both enhancing the excitons' lifetime and ingeniously controlling the spatial charge transfer are the key to the realization of efficiently photocatalytic and artificially photosynthetic devices. Nanostructured metal/metal-oxide interfaces often exhibit improved energy conversion efficiency. Understanding the surface potential changes of nano-objects under light illumination is crucial in photoelectrochemical cells.

Rapid, conformal gas-phase formation of silica (SiO2) nanotubes from water condensates.

An innovative atomic layer deposition (ALD) concept, with which nanostructures of water condensates with high aspect ratio at equilibrium in cylindrical nanopores can be transformed uniformly into silica (SiO2) at near room temperature and ambient pressure, has been demonstrated for the first time. As a challenging model system, we first prove the conversion of cylindrical water condensates in porous alumina membranes to silica nanotubes (NTs) by introducing SiCl4 as a metal reactant without involving any catalytic reaction. Surprisingly, the water NTs reproducibly transformed into silica NTs, where the wall thickness of the silica NTs deposited per cycle was found to be limited by the amount of condensed water, and it was on the orders of ten nanometers per cycle (i.

Lateral redistribution of trapped charges in nitride/oxide/Si (NOS) investigated by electrostatic force microscopy.

Charge decay and lateral spreading properties were characterized by modified electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) under a high vacuum at elevated temperatures. Variations in the charge profiles were modeled with the maximum charge density (ρ(m)) and the lateral spreading distance (Δ(s)), as extracted from the EFM potential line profiles. The scaling limitation of nitride trap memory is discussed based on the projected lateral spreading distances for holes and electrons, which were determined to be approximately 18 nm and 12 nm, respectively, at room temperature.

Sensitive, label-free DNA diagnostics based on near-field microwave imaging.

Biological assays often rely on "reporter labels" to enhance measurement sensitivity, for example, by incorporation of a fluorescent dye or a nanoparticle into a nucleic acid or a protein. Use of labels, however, complicates sample preparation, increases assay costs, and can cause experimental artifacts by interfering with assay thermodynamics or limiting label stability. We evaluate near-field microwave imaging (NFMI) as an alternative, label-free technique for molecular diagnostics.