Generative deep learning approach to predict posttreatment optical coherence tomography images of age-related macular degeneration after 12 months.

Purpose: Predicting long-term anatomical responses in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients is critical for patient-specific management. This study validates a generative deep learning (DL) model to predict 12-month posttreatment optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and evaluates the impact of incorporating clinical data on predictive performance.

Methods: A total of 533 eyes from 513 treatment-naïve nAMD patients were analyzed.

Effects of blood pressure lowering in patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis before endovascular thrombectomy.

Background: The effects of blood pressure (BP) lowering in patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) before endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) are unclear.

Aims: This study aims to investigate whether intensive and conventional BP management affects outcomes differently, depending on IV tPA administration before EVT.

Methods: In this subgroup analysis of the Outcome in Patients Treated with Intra-Arterial Thrombectomy-Optimal Blood Pressure Control (OPTIMAL-BP; ClinicalTrials.

A Comparison of Contractile Properties and Acute Muscle Fatigue Response in Adult Females with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain.

This study examined the erector spinae contractile properties, trunk isokinetic strength, and differences in acute muscle fatigue response after exercise in young females with and without non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). This study evaluated participants using tensiomyography and isokinetic trunk strength tests. An independent -test compared the control group and the NSCLBP group, while a two-way mixed ANOVA analyzed differences in the erector spinae's acute muscle fatigue response before and after exercise within and between groups.

Atomic-Scale Interface Modification in Complex Oxide Heterojunctions for Near-Infrared Photodetection.

Photodetectors that detect near-infrared (NIR) light serve as important components in contemporary energy-efficient optoelectronic devices. However, detecting the low-energy photons of the NIR light has long been challenging since the ease of photoexcitation inevitably involves increasing the background current in the dark. Herein, we report the atomic-scale interface modification in SrRuO/LaAlO/Nb-doped SrTiO (SRO/LAO/Nb:STO) heterostructures for NIR photodetection.

Intensive blood pressure lowering in acute stroke with intracranial stenosis post-thrombectomy: A secondary analysis of the OPTIMAL-BP trial.

Background: Intensive blood pressure (BP) management within 24 h after successful reperfusion following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is associated with worse functional outcomes than conventional BP management in Asian randomized controlled trials. Given the high prevalence of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) in Asia, ICAS may influence these outcomes.

Aims: We aimed to assess whether ICAS affects the outcomes of intensive BP management after successful EVT.

Using Artificial Intelligence to Diagnose Lacrimal Passage Obstructions Based on Dacryocystography Images.

Dacryocystography (DCG) has been used to illustrate the morphological and functional aspects of the lacrimal drainage system in the evaluation of patients with maxillofacial trauma and epiphora. This study developed deep-learning models for the automatic classification of the status of the lacrimal passage based on DCG. The authors collected 719 DCG images from 430 patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

A new method to measure the mechanical properties of rotary endodontic Ni-Ti files: Measurement of 6-axis force/torque and automatic root canal preparation.

The purpose of this study was to develop a new instrument to measure the mechanical properties of rotary endodontic Ni-Ti files (ProTaper Gold F2, ProTaper Ultimate F2, and HyFlex EDM Onefile), and to evaluate the overall utility of the device. The instrument was capable of analyzing the 6-axis force/torque generated by the files during cyclic dynamic movement in a metal curved artificial root canal, and doing automatic cyclic dynamic filing in a resin root canal with a preset vertical force limit by adopting a negative feedback mechanism. By analyzing the 6-axis force/torque, we were able to estimate the position and contact points of the files in the curved root canal.

Arterial Stiffness Predicts the Outcome of Endovascular Treatment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke.

The association between arterial stiffness and outcome after endovascular treatment (EVT) is unknown. This study investigated whether arterial stiffness predicts post-EVT outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This retrospective and observational cohort study included consecutive patients treated with EVT for acute ischemic stroke from June 2020 to November 2022.

Impact of intensive blood pressure lowering after multiple-attempt endovascular thrombectomy: A secondary analysis of the OPTIMAL-BP trial.

Background: Multiple attempts of thrombectomy have been linked to a higher risk of intracerebral hemorrhage and worsened functional outcomes, potentially influenced by blood pressure (BP) management strategies. Nonetheless, the impact of intensive BP management following successful recanalization through multiple attempts remains uncertain.

Aims: This study aimed to investigate whether conventional and intensive BP managements differentially affect outcomes according to multiple-attempt recanalization (MAR) and first-attempt recanalization (FAR) groups.

Feld-induced modulation of two-dimensional electron gas at LaAlO/SrTiO interface by polar distortion of LaAlO.

Since the discovery of two-dimensional electron gas at the LaAlO/SrTiO interface, its intriguing physical properties have garnered significant interests for device applications. Yet, understanding its response to electrical stimuli remains incomplete. Our in-situ transmission electron microscopy analysis of a LaAlO/SrTiO two-dimensional electron gas device under electrical bias reveals key insights.

Association of Body Composition Changes with the Development of Diabetes Mellitus: A Nation-Wide Population Study.

Backgruound: We investigated the association between body composition changes and new-onset diabetes mellitus (DM) development according to the body mass index (BMI) in a longitudinal setting in the general Korean population.

Methods: From 2010 to 2011 (1st) and 2012 to 2013 (2nd), we included 1,607,508 stratified random sample participants without DM from the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening dataset of Korean. The predicted appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (pASMMI), body fat mass index (pBFMI), and lean body mass index (pLBMI) were calculated using pre-validated anthropometric prediction equations.

Long-term outcomes of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source according to subtype.

The prognosis of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) may vary according to the underlying cause. Therefore, we aimed to divide ESUS into subtypes and assess the long-term outcomes. Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent a comprehensive workup, including transesophageal echocardiography and prolonged electrocardiography monitoring, were enrolled.

Functional Outcomes Associated With Blood Pressure Decrease After Endovascular Thrombectomy.

Importance: The associations between blood pressure (BP) decreases induced by medication and functional outcomes in patients with successful endovascular thrombectomy remain uncertain.

Objective: To evaluate whether BP reductions induced by intravenous BP medications are associated with poor functional outcomes at 3 months.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cohort study was a post hoc analysis of the Outcome in Patients Treated With Intra-Arterial Thrombectomy-Optimal Blood Pressure Control trial, a comparison of intensive and conventional BP management during the 24 hours after successful recanalization from June 18, 2020, to November 28, 2022.

Surface triggered stabilization of metastable charge-ordered phase in SrTiO.

Charge ordering (CO), characterized by a periodic modulation of electron density and lattice distortion, has been a fundamental topic in condensed matter physics, serving as a potential platform for inducing novel functional properties. The charge-ordered phase is known to occur in a doped system with high d-electron occupancy, rather than low occupancy. Here, we report the realization of the charge-ordered phase in electron-doped (100) SrTiO epitaxial thin films that have the lowest d-electron occupancy i.

Biodegradable dust suppressants prepared from biomass-based materials: The role of viscosity and suppressed particles.

In this study, biodegradable dust suppressants were prepared using glycerol and biomass-based oily compounds, including palm oil, biodiesel, and soybean oil. The suppressing ability of the glycerol and the oily compound mixture was evaluated using wind tunnel tests, and factors affecting the suppression of the particles were determined. The replacement of sodium dodecyl sulfate with coco glucoside and lauryl glucoside significantly enhanced the biodegradability of the suppressants (2.

Optoelectronic Synapse Based on 2D Electron Gas in Stoichiometry-Controlled Oxide Heterostructures.

Emulating synaptic functionalities in optoelectronic devices is significant in developing artificial visual-perception systems and neuromorphic photonic computing. Persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in metal oxides provides a facile way to realize the optoelectronic synaptic devices, but the PPC performance is often limited due to the oxygen vacancy defects that release excess conduction electrons without external stimuli. Herein, a high-performance optoelectronic synapse based on the stoichiometry-controlled LaAlO/SrTiO (LAO/STO) heterostructure is developed.

Combined use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet on outcome after stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and systemic atherosclerosis.

This study aimed to investigate whether there was a difference in one-year outcome after stroke between patients treated with antiplatelet and anticoagulation (OAC + antiplatelet) and those with anticoagulation only (OAC), when comorbid atherosclerotic disease was present with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This was a retrospective study using a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with ischemic stroke. Patients with NVAF and comorbid atherosclerotic disease were assigned to the OAC + antiplatelet or OAC group based on discharge medication.

Electron pairing and nematicity in LaAlO/SrTiO nanostructures.

Strongly correlated electronic systems exhibit a wealth of unconventional behavior stemming from strong electron-electron interactions. The LaAlO/SrTiO (LAO/STO) heterostructure supports rich and varied low-temperature transport characteristics including low-density superconductivity, and electron pairing without superconductivity for which the microscopic origins is still not understood. LAO/STO also exhibits inexplicable signatures of electronic nematicity via nonlinear and anomalous Hall effects.

Association between changes in predicted body composition and occurrence of heart failure: a nationwide population study.

Background: Large population-based studies on the association between changes in body composition and the occurrence of heart failure (HF) are rare. We aimed to determine the association between changes in body composition, including the predicted body fat mass index (pBFMI), predicted appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (pASMI), and predicted lean body mass index (pLBMI), and the occurrence of HF.

Methods: For present study, 2,036,940 people who consecutively underwent national health examinations from 2010~2011 (baseline period) to 2012~2013 (follow-up period) were included.

Association between substantia nigra degeneration and functional outcome in patients with basal ganglia infarction.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral infarction in the basal ganglia may cause secondary and delayed neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra (SN). However, the clinical significance of SN degeneration remains poorly understood.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with acute ischemic stroke in the basal ganglia on initial diffusion-weighted imaging who underwent follow-up diffusion-weighted imaging between 4 and 30 days after symptom onset.

Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on sarcopenia-related parameters in participants with Parkinson's disease: A 24-week randomized pilot trial substudy.

Objective: To evaluate the potential efficacy of two different supervised exercise regimens, namely high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), on sarcopenia-related parameters in participants with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: We analyzed data from a randomized controlled pilot trial (CRIS identifier: KCT0007130). An aerobic exercise intervention using a cycle ergometer (40-60 min) in combination with calisthenics (5 min) was performed in three sessions/week for 24 weeks for HIIT (60% maximum aerobic power for 30-50 s with 1-min rest intervals) and MICT (50% peak oxygen consumption) groups.