[Peer Review of Teleradiology at a Teleradiology Clinic: Comparison of Unacceptable Diagnosis and Clinically Significant Discrepancy between Radiology Sections and Imaging Modalities].

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rates of unacceptable diagnosis and clinically significant diagnostic discrepancy in radiology sections and imaging modalities through a peer review of teleradiology.

Materials And Methods: Teleradiology peer reviews in a Korean teleradiology clinic in 2018 and 2019 were included. The peer review scores were classified as acceptable and unacceptable diagnoses and clinically insignificant and significant diagnostic discrepancy.

Paravertebral Muscles as Indexes of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity: Comparison With Imaging and Muscle Function Indexes and Impact on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders.

The objectives of this study were to propose the use of the cross-sectional area of paravertebral muscle (PMA) and the ratio of the PMA to the cross-sectional area of visceral fat (PVR) as new indexes of sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity through comparison with existing indexes and to show the clinical associations of PMA and PVR with hypertension and diabetes. A total of 1270 participants (608 men and 662 women; mean [± SD] age, 63.57 ± 6.

Could both intrinsic and extrinsic iodine be successfully suppressed on virtual non-contrast CT images for detecting thyroid calcification?

Purpose: Although virtual non-contrast (VNC) successfully removes iodinated contrast, uncertainty exists regarding the feasibility of VNC to suppress iodine for detecting thyroid calcification. Therefore, we evaluated whether both intrinsic and extrinsic iodine attenuation were suppressed on VNC images.

Material And Methods: We enrolled 128 patients (male: female 17:111; age 48.

Obesity and muscle may have synergic effect more than independent effects on brain volume in community-based elderly.

Objective: To evaluate the individual and combined effects of obesity and muscle mass on brain volume in a community-dwelling healthy older population.

Methods: One thousand two hundred nine participants (M:F = 574:635, mean age 63.6 ± 6.

Thyroid isthmus agenesis and its clinical significance in a large-scale multidetector CT-based study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the incidence and clinical significance of thyroid isthmus agenesis based on multi-detector CT imaging in a large-scale study.

Methods: Data from 1601 patients who underwent neck multi-detector CT at our institution from January 2015 to March 2016 were included in this retrospective study. The morphology of each patient's thyroid gland was evaluated.

Correction to: Characteristics of residual lymph nodes after six months of antituberculous therapy in HIV-negative individuals with cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis.

After publication of the original article [1], we were notified that an author's name has been incorrectly spelled. Soon You Kwon's correct full name is Soon Young Kwon.

Dual-energy CT iodine quantification for characterizing focal thyroid lesions.

Background: To determine the usefulness of dual-energy CT (DECT) iodine quantification to classify the focal thyroid lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled a total of 76 cytopathologically confirmed focal thyroid lesions (mean size: 1.9 cm).

Lifestyle-dependent brain change: a longitudinal cohort MRI study.

We investigated both independent and interconnected effects of 3 lifestyle factors on brain volume, measuring yearly changes using large-scale longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging, in middle-aged to older adults. We measured brain volumes in a cohort (n = 984, 49-79 years) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study group, using baseline and follow-up estimates after 4 years. In our analysis, the accelerated brain atrophy in normal aging was observed across regions (e.

Characterizing Intraorbital Optic Nerve Changes on Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Thyroid Eye Disease Before Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the optic nerve is affected by thyroid eye disease (TED) before the development of dysthyroid optic neuropathy with diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI).

Methods: Twenty TED patients and 20 controls were included. The mean, axial, and radial diffusivities and fractional anisotropy (FA) value were measured at the optic nerves in DTI.

Vascular Pattern Analysis on Microvascular Sonography for Differentiation of Pleomorphic Adenomas and Warthin Tumors of Salivary Glands.

Objectives: Pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors are the most common salivary gland tumors. It is important to differentiate between them because at least a partial parotidectomy is necessary for pleomorphic adenomas, whereas enucleation is sufficient for Warthin tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of vascular pattern analysis using microvascular sonography to differentiate between the tumors.

Amyloid Burden in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

To test the hypothesis that excessive amyloid deposition is a biological link between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Alzheimer's disease, we determined whether OSA increases cerebral amyloid burden, relative to controls, using Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET imaging. The subjects were adult participants (age 50-65 years) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Polysomnography, brain MRI including 3D images, and a detailed neuro-cognitive function test battery were done in 2011-2012.

Fractional anisotropy and diffusivity changes in thyroid-associated orbitopathy.

Introduction: To investigate the extraocular muscle (EOM) changes in thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) on DTI and the correlations between DTI parameters and clinical features.

Methods: Twenty TAO patients and 20 age- and sex-matched controls provided informed consent and were enrolled. Ten-directional DTI was acquired in orbit.

Assessing the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonographic three-dimensional parathyroid volume measurement in a patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism: a comparison with the two-dimensional conventional method.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy and reliability of the semi-automated ultrasonographic volume measurement tool, virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL), for measuring the volume of parathyroid glands.

Methods: Volume measurements for 40 parathyroid glands were performed in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by chronic renal failure. The volume of the parathyroid glands was measured twice by experienced radiologists by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) methods using conventional sonograms and the VOCAL with 30°angle increments before parathyroidectomy.

Feasibility Study of a Contrast-Enhanced Multi-Detector CT (64 Channels) Protocol for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: The Influence of Different Scan Delays on Tumor Conspicuity.

Background: Recently, a number of studies have advocated the diagnostic benefit of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in the current ultrasound (US)-based preoperative evaluation of thyroid cancer. However, no study has been conducted to optimize a CECT protocol focusing on tumor conspicuity using a multi-detector CT scanner. This study aimed at determining the optimal scan delay for increased CT attenuation differences between thyroid cancer and parenchymal background using a biphasic CECT examination.

Comparison of Ultrasonographic Findings of Biopsy-Proven Tuberculous Lymphadenitis and Kikuchi Disease.

Objective: Although tuberculous lymphadenitis and Kikuchi disease are common causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in Asians and exhibit similar clinical manifestations, their treatment strategies are totally different. The purpose of this study was to identify ultrasonographic features that distinguish these two diseases.

Materials And Methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.

Leptomeningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging as a predictor of hemodynamic insufficiency.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the value of leptomeningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging in relation to relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cerebrovascular reserve.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 31 patients with internal carotid artery or proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion without primary collateral flow, who underwent enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and acetazolamide-challenged perfusion computed tomography. They were graded into 3 groups in leptomeningeal enhancement on T1-weighted imaging.

Associations of Sleep Apnea, NRG1 Polymorphisms, Alcohol Consumption, and Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities: Analysis with Genome-Wide Association Data.

Study Objective: There are few studies on gene-environment interactions with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Our study aimed to explore genetic polymorphisms associated with OSA using genome-wide association (GWA) data and evaluate the effects of relevant polymorphisms on the association between risk factors, including obesity and alcohol consumption, and OSA. We also investigated on these associations in relation to cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on magnetic resonance images.

Association between high nocturnal blood pressure and white matter change and its interaction by obstructive sleep apnoea among normotensive adults.

Objectives: A reverse dipping pattern, characterized by higher night-time blood pressure (BP) than daytime BP, is associated with the increased risk for cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. However, little has known about the association between white matter change (WMC) and reverse dipping pattern, particularly in normotensive adults. We aimed to examine whether WMC is associated with BP dipping patterns as measured with a 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and whether obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is involved in this relationship

Methods: : A total of 703 normotensive adults were from an ongoing longitudinal study in a general population.

Respiratory syncytial virus-related encephalitis: magnetic resonance imaging findings with diffusion-weighted study.

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common pathogen causing acute respiratory infection in children. Herein, we describe the incidence and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of RSV-related encephalitis, a major neurological complication of RSV infection.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and imaging findings of the patients over the past 7 years who are admitted to our medical center and are tested positive for RSV-RNA by reverse transcriptase PCR.

Study of intrathyroid fat-containing lesions using CT imaging with literature review.

Introduction: This study was conducted to estimate the incidence of intrathyroid fat-containing lesions based in the general population on CT imaging. The imaging characteristics of the lesions on CT were also analyzed.

Methods: This retrospective study included data for 1,205 patients who underwent neck CT at our institution from January 2012 to January 2013.

Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for cerebral white matter change in a middle-aged and older general population.

Study Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) contributes to the development of systemic hypertension, and hypertension strongly predicts the development of white matter change (WMC). Thus, it is plausible that OSA mediates WMC. The goal of the current study is to determine whether a contextual relationship exists between OSA and cerebral WMC.