Risk of data leakage in estimating the diagnostic performance of a deep-learning-based computer-aided system for psychiatric disorders.

Deep-learning approaches with data augmentation have been widely used when developing neuroimaging-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems. To prevent the inflated diagnostic performance caused by data leakage, a correct cross-validation (CV) method should be employed, but this has been still overlooked in recent deep-learning-based CAD studies. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of correct and incorrect CV methods on the diagnostic performance of deep-learning-based CAD systems after data augmentation.

A regression-based machine learning approach for pH and glucose detection with redox-sensitive colorimetric paper sensors.

Colorimetric paper sensors are used in various fields due to their convenience and intuitive manner. However, these sensors present low accuracy in practical use because it is difficult to distinguish color changes for a minute amount of analyte with the naked eye. Herein, we demonstrate that a machine learning (ML)-based paper sensor platform accurately determines the color changes.

An artificial neural-network approach to identify motor hotspot for upper-limb based on electroencephalography: a proof-of-concept study.

Background: To apply transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) to the motor cortex, motor hotspots are generally identified using motor evoked potentials by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The objective of this study is to validate the feasibility of a novel electroencephalography (EEG)-based motor-hotspot-identification approach using a machine learning technique as a potential alternative to TMS.

Methods: EEG data were measured using 63 channels from thirty subjects as they performed a simple finger tapping task.

The relationship between visit-to-visit variability in blood pressure and incidence of metabolic syndrome: a general population-based cohort study in Korea.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (BP) has significant relationship with cardiovascular disease. Visit-to-visit variability in BP might have prognostic value for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of visit-to-visit variability in BP on development of metabolic syndrome in general population without cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and BP medication.

Defining Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Relationship to Hypertension in Postmenopausal Korean Women.

Background: Inconsistent results regarding the association between low vitamin D level and hypertension (HTN) have led to uncertainty in clinical practice as to the use of vitamin D cutoff value. The aims of this study were to investigate the association between vitamin D deficiency and HTN in postmenopausal women and to determine the clinically significant cutoff value for vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 5 database (4107 postmenopausal women, aged 50-79 years).

Mediating effects of nocturnal blood pressure and morning surge on the contributions of arterial stiffness and sodium intake to morning blood pressure: A path analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mediating effects of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) and morning surge on the contribution of arterial stiffness and sodium intake to morning BP in a middle-aged general population.

Methods: The study included 124 subjects aged 30-59 years, from rural Yeoju County, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. Ambulatory BP monitoring, 24 h urinary sodium excretion (24 h UNa) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements were performed in all subjects.

Biatrial myxoma and multiple organ infarctions combined with Leriche syndrome in a female patient.

Background: Multiple organ infarctions combined with Leriche syndrome due to embolic particles of myxoma are very rare. There is no definite guideline for immediate medical treatment.

Case Presentation: A 36-year-old married female was referred to the emergency department (ED) with severe pain of both lower extremities and gradual decreased mental status.

Relationship between bone mineral density and a 10-year risk for coronary artery disease in a healthy Korean population: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2010.

Introduction: Bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with atherosclerosis and vascular calcification. If BMD is related independently to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), BMD could play an important role in CHD risk prediction. We assessed the hypothesis that BMD is related independently to the risk of CHD.

The relationship between bone mineral density and blood pressure in the Korean elderly population: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2011.

It is not clear whether the inverse relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and blood pressure (BP) could be generalizable to the general elderly population. We used data from the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The study sample consisted of 8439 men and postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older.

Health-related quality of life in coronary heart disease in Korea: the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007 to 2011.

Using data from 2007 to 2011 of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we evaluated the influence of coronary heart disease (CHD) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as measured by the EQ-5D in comparison with the general population and the predictors of HRQoL in CHD. Compared with the general population, HRQoL was impaired in the EQ-5D dimensions of mobility, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. The impairment of HRQoL was much greater in the older age group and in females.

The relationship between ambulatory arterial stiffness index and blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients.

Background And Objectives: Ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) is well known as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients. Mathematically, AASI reflect the standard deviation (SD) of blood pressure (BP) variation. AASI is measured higher levels in non-dipper than dipper.

Non-Dipper Pattern is a Determinant of the Inappropriateness of Left Ventricular Mass in Essential Hypertensive Patients.

Background And Objectives: Inappropriately high left ventricular mass (iLVM) is known to be related to cardiovascular prognosis. A non-dipper pattern has a greater mean left ventricular (LV) mass than the dipper pattern in hypertensive patients. However, the appropriateness of LV mass in dipper or non-dipper patterns has not been adequately investigated.

The relationship between coronary artery calcification and bone mineral density in patients according to their metabolic syndrome status.

Background And Objectives: The extent of coronary artery calcification (CAC) is closely related to total atherosclerotic plaque burden. However, the pathogenesis of CAC is still unclear. Conditions such as diabetes mellitus, renal failure, smoking, and chronic inflammation have been suggested to link vascular calcification and bone loss.

Poly(D,L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly (D,L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) triblock copolymer and thermoreversible phase transition in water.

Novel thermoreversible gelation behavior of aqueous solutions of ABA-type triblock copolymers composed of the central polyethylene oxide (PEG) block and two poly(D,L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) side blocks was found. Phase transition characteristics, such as critical gel concentration (CGC) and lower and upper critical gel temperature (CGT), are closely related to the molecular structure of the triblock copolymers. The CGC and the lower CGT both increases with increasing PEG/PLGA molecular weight ratio.