Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for takotsubo cardiomyopathy that developed after mitral valve replacement.

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is a transient systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction that presents several wall-motion abnormalities, while the coronary artery shows normal findings. Because patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy present with symptoms similar to acute coronary syndrome, the initial diagnosis and treatment are often difficult. The condition is often precipitated by acute emotional or physical stress and frequently occurs in postmenopausal women.

Replacement of dexmedetomidine loading with midazolam for sedation in elderly patients with spinal anesthesia.

Background: Dexmedetomidine is an effective sedative during spinal anesthesia. However, it requires a loading dose, which can result in transient hypertension, hypotension, bradycardia, and/or sinus arrest. In addition, the time required to reach an appropriate depth of sedation may cause anxiety to the patients.

All-optical image switching in a double-Λ system.

The coherent control of optical images has garnered attention because all information embedded in optical images is expected to be controlled in a parallel way. One of the most important control processes is switch for information delivery. We experimentally demonstrated phase-controlled optical image switching in a double-Λ system where the transmission of the image through a medium was switched.