Resolution dependence of vessel size index across various brain regions.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excels at detecting quantitative changes in microvascular parameters such as cerebral blood volume, cerebral blood flow, and vessel size index (VSI), which are essential for diagnosing and monitoring cerebrovascular diseases. Absolute VSI estimation, often utilizing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents, relies on measuring transverse relaxation rates (∆R and ∆R). This study systematically investigates the spatial resolution dependence of VSI using Monte Carlo simulations and in vivo rat brain MRI experiments.

UG0712, A Ginsenoside Complex, Improved Endurance Performance and Changed Hepatic and Muscular Transcriptomic Signatures in C57BL/6N Male Mice.

Ginsenosides, active compounds derived from Panax ginseng, exhibit promising potential in enhancing physical performance. This study investigates the impact of UG0712 (UG), a novel ginsenoside compound, on endurance capacity, body weight, organ weights, blood parameters, and specific transcriptomic changes in liver and muscle tissues using a C57BL/6N mouse model. The mice received UGs orally at three doses: UG50 (50 mg/kg), UG100 (100 mg/kg), and UG200 (200 mg/kg) for a specified duration.

Using a Built-in Clinical Decision Support to Improve Phosphate Repletion Practice: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Inpatient serum phosphate replacement is common, but there is great variability in replacement practice, which leads to overuse. Electronic health record (EHR) interventions with clinical decision support (CDS) can be effective tools to guide clinicians toward best clinical practices. The authors' objective was to use CDS tools to reduce overuse of hypophosphatemia corrections at a large safety-net health care system.

Photoassisted Water Purification through an Electrochemically Artificially Adjusted p-CuO Light Absorption Layer.

The implementation of photoelectrochemical water purification technology can address prevailing environmental challenges that impede the advancement and prosperity of human society. In this study, Cu, which is abundant on Earth, was fabricated using an electrochemical deposition process, in which the preferential orientation direction and carrier concentration of the Cu-based oxide semiconductor were artificially adjusted by carefully controlling the OH and applied voltage. In particular, CuO grown with a sufficient supply of OH ions exhibited the (111) preferred orientation, and the (200) surface facet was exposed, independently achieving 90% decomposition efficiency in a methyl orange (MO) solution for 100 min.

Cerebral hemodynamics as biomarkers for neuropathic pain in rats: a longitudinal study using a spinal nerve ligation model.

Neuropathic pain is one of the most challenging types of pain to diagnose and treat, a problem exacerbated by the lack of a quantitative biomarker. Recently, several clinical and preclinical studies have shown that neuropathic pain induces cerebral hemodynamic changes as a result of neuroplasticity in the brain. Our hypothesis in this study is that neuropathic pain leads to cerebral hemodynamic changes over postoperative time in a spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rat model, which has not been longitudinally explored previously.

Two-Phase Particle Image Velocimetry Visualization of Rewetting Flow on the Micropillar Interfacial Surface.

Boiling heat transfer has a high thermal efficiency by latent heat absorption, which makes it an attractive process for cooling electronic device chips. Critical heat flux (CHF), the maximum heat flux, is a crucial factor determining the operating range of the boiling applications. The CHF can be enhanced by improving the fluid supply to the boiling surface.

Mycoproteins and their health-promoting properties: Fusarium species and beyond.

Filamentous fungal mycoproteins have gained increasing attention as sustainable alternatives to animal and plant-based proteins. This comprehensive review summarizes the nutritional characteristics, toxicological aspects, and health-promoting effects of mycoproteins, focusing on those derived from filamentous fungi, notably Fusarium venenatum. Mycoproteins are characterized by their high protein content, and they have a superior essential amino acid profile compared to soybeans indicating excellent protein quality and benefits for human nutrition.

Photoilluminated Redox-Processed RhP Nanoparticles on Photocathodes for Stable Hydrogen Production in Acidic Environments.

While photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells show promise for solar-driven green hydrogen production, exploration of various light-absorbing multilayer coatings has yet to significantly enhance their hydrogen generation efficiency. Acidic conditions can enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) kinetics and reduce overpotential losses. However, prolonged acidic exposure deactivates noble metal electrocatalysts, hindering their long-term stability.

Multiresonant Selective Emitter with Enhanced Thermal Management for Infrared Camouflage.

Tailoring the optical properties of metamaterials is crucial for improving the performance of infrared (IR) applications. Generally, IR camouflage materials are required to have low IR-emission properties for the detected bands (3-5 and 8-12 μm), in which IR detection is accomplished. However, the heat residue by suppressed thermal radiation degrades the thermal dissipation capacity and thermal stability of IR camouflage materials.

Initiative to reduce unnecessary routine daily testing of complete blood counts across 11 safety net hospitals.

Objectives: National societies recommend against performing routine daily laboratory testing without a specific indication. Unnecessary testing can lead to patient harm, such as hospital-acquired anemia. The objective of this study was to reduce repeat complete blood counts (CBCs) after initial testing.

Retraction: Ambipolar operation of progressively designed symmetric bidirectional transistors fabricated using single-channel vertical transistor and electrochemically prepared copper oxide.

Retraction of 'Ambipolar operation of progressively designed symmetric bidirectional transistors fabricated using single-channel vertical transistor and electrochemically prepared copper oxide' by Sung Hyeon Jung , , 2023, , 1373-1384, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2MH01413K.

Retraction: Progressive p-channel vertical transistors fabricated using electrodeposited copper oxide designed with grain boundary tunability.

Retraction of 'Progressive p-channel vertical transistors fabricated using electrodeposited copper oxide designed with grain boundary tunability' by Sung Hyeon Jung , , 2022, , 1010-1022, https://doi.org/10.1039/D1MH01568K.

Effectiveness of leukapheresis on early survival in acute myeloid leukemia: An observational propensity score matching cohort study.

Background: The association between leukapheresis (LK) as a treatment option for hyperleukocytosis (HL) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains controversial.

Methods: Data were extracted from the electronic medical record for 2801 patients with AML between April 2009 and December 2019. LK was performed when the leukocyte count was ≥100 × 10 /L at the time initial bone marrow examination.

Effect of nanobubbles on powder morphology in the spray drying process.

This study investigated the influence of gas-injected nanobubbles on the morphology of particles during spray drying under various experimental conditions. The nanoparticle tracking system was used to measure the generation, size, and concentration of nanobubbles. Experiments were conducted at different temperatures (160°C-260°C) and feed rates (0.

Reducing low-value ED coags across 11 hospitals in a safety net setting.

Background: Prothrombin/international normalized ratio and activated partial thromboplastin time (PT/INR and aPTT) are frequently ordered in emergency departments (EDs), but rarely affect management. They offer limited utility outside of select indications. Several quality improvement initiatives have shown reduction in ED use of PT/INR and aPTT using multifaceted interventions in well-resourced settings.

Nationwide-incidence and trends of fibromyalgia in South Korea: a population-based study.

Reports of the incidence of fibromyalgia (FM) in Asia are uncommon. Therefore, this study used nationwide representative data to investigate the age- and sex-specific incidence and annual trends of FM in South Korea. This nationwide population-based study used data from the Korean National Health Claims Database.

Choosing Wisely and reducing the simultaneous ordering of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein testing in a large safety net system.

Objectives: C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are commonly used inflammatory markers. C-reactive protein is more sensitive and specific for monitoring acute inflammation. However, it is commonly co-ordered with ESR despite recommendations against this.

Imaging Wisely Campaign: Initiative to Reduce Imaging for Low Back Pain Across a Large Safety Net System.

Objectives: Low back pain is a common clinical presentation that often results in expensive and unnecessary imaging that may lead to undue patient harm, including unnecessary procedures. We present an initiative in a safety net system to reduce imaging for low back pain.

Methods: This quality improvement study was conducted across 70 ambulatory clinics and 11 teaching hospitals.