Publications by authors named "Hyung C Kim"

Pancreatic cancer, a malignancy notorious for its late-stage diagnosis and low patient survival rates, remains a formidable global health challenge. The currently available FDA-approved treatments for pancreatic cancer, notably chemotherapeutic agents, exhibit suboptimal efficacy, often accompanied by concerns regarding toxicity. Given the intricate nature of pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and the time-intensive nature of in silico drug discovery approaches, drug repurposing emerges as a compelling strategy to expedite the development of novel therapeutic interventions.

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Social anxiety-which typically emerges in adolescence-lies on a continuum and, when extreme, can be devastating. Socially anxious individuals are prone to heightened fear, anxiety, and the avoidance of contexts associated with potential social scrutiny. Yet most neuroimaging research has focused on acute social threat.

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  • - This study investigates how different injection rates and pressures of a fluid called tPA and air affect subretinal tissue using a special system and a model that simulates retina conditions.
  • - A model was created using agarose to simulate submacular hemorrhage (SMH) and the results showed that the size of the simulated hemorrhage increased after fluid injections, with specific rates of injection recorded for both BSS (balanced salt solution) and air at varying pressures.
  • - The researchers determined that a pressure of 12 psi is the minimum needed for effective fluid injection and 2 psi for air, which are important findings for improving surgical safety and preventing severe damage during procedures.
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  • The study aimed to identify factors that affect the success of catheter-directed sclerotherapy (CDS) for treating ovarian endometriomas and to propose criteria for patient selection.
  • It analyzed data from 323 women who underwent CDS from 2015 to 2023, focusing on endometrioma characteristics and procedural techniques.
  • Key findings included that endometriomas smaller than 3 cm, those with T2 dark signal intensity, and using transvaginal access were linked to higher chances of technical failure during the procedure.
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Background: Bile duct resection and reconstruction for bile duct cancer (BDC) is a complex surgical and oncologic procedure that requires extensive resection and reconstruction of the biliary tract. Hepaticojejunostomy is commonly performed for biliary reconstruction after extrahepatic mid-bile duct resection, while hepaticoduodenostomy (HD) is performed only rarely due to the risk of ascending cholangitis. However, the efficacy of HD has not been well-established in extrahepatic mid-BDC surgery.

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Background There are insufficient data comparing resorbable microspheres (RMs) with permanent trisacryl gelatin microspheres (TAGMs) for uterine artery embolization (UAE). Purpose To compare therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes in participants with symptomatic fibroids after UAE with RMs or TAGMs. Materials and Methods This randomized controlled trial included participants undergoing UAE for symptomatic fibroids at a single institution (from May 2021 to May 2023).

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  • The study aimed to evaluate how different features predict visual acuity (VA) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) after one year.
  • A total of 527 eyes from 506 patients were analyzed using various machine learning models that incorporated different data types like clinical information and imaging from OCT scans.
  • The findings showed that using raw data from baseline OCT scans was the most effective method for predicting visual outcomes, while identifying key influencing factors for VA improvements.
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Background: Population-based studies on the cause of readmission within 90 days after surgery or radiotherapy for metastatic spine tumors are scarce. We aimed to investigate the risk factors for readmission within 90 days after initial surgical or radiation treatment for metastatic spine tumors.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with metastatic spine tumors between 2012 and 2019 and underwent spinal magnetic resonance imaging within 1 year were classified according to treatment (surgical or radiotherapy groups), and the causes of the 90-day readmission and patient characteristics were compared.

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Temporal dynamics play a central role in models of emotion: is widely conceptualized as a phasic response to certain-and-imminent danger, whereas is a sustained response to uncertain-or-distal harm. Yet the underlying neurobiology remains contentious. Leveraging a translationally relevant fMRI paradigm and theory-driven modeling approach, we demonstrate that certain- and uncertain-threat anticipation recruit a shared circuit that encompasses the central extended amygdala (EAc), periaqueductal gray, midcingulate, and anterior insula.

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Neuroticism/negative emotionality (N/NE)-the tendency to experience anxiety, fear, and other negative emotions-is a fundamental dimension of temperament with profound consequences for health, wealth, and well-being. Elevated N/NE is associated with a panoply of adverse outcomes, from reduced socioeconomic attainment to psychiatric illness. Animal research suggests that N/NE reflects heightened reactivity to uncertain threat in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BST) and central nucleus of the amygdala (Ce), but the relevance of these discoveries to humans has remained unclear.

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  • * The study identifies RNU4-2, a non-coding RNA gene, as a significant contributor to syndromic NDD, revealing a specific 18-base pair region with low variation that includes variants found in 115 individuals with NDD.
  • * RNU4-2 is highly expressed in the developing brain, and its variants disrupt splicing processes, indicating that non-coding genes play a crucial role in rare disorders, potentially aiding in the diagnosis of thousands with NDD worldwide.
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The ongoing transition toward electric vehicles (EVs) is changing materials used for vehicle production, of which the consequences for the environmental performance of EVs are not well understood and managed. We demonstrate that electrification coupled with lightweighting of automobiles will lead to significant changes in the industry's demand not only for battery materials but also for other materials used throughout the entire vehicle. Given the automotive industry's substantial consumption of raw materials, changes in its material demands are expected to trigger volatilities in material prices, consequently impacting the material composition and attractiveness of EVs.

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Social anxiety-which typically emerges in adolescence-lies on a continuum and, when extreme, can be devastating. Socially anxious individuals are prone to heightened fear, anxiety, and the avoidance of contexts associated with potential social scrutiny. Yet most neuroimaging research has focused on acute social threat.

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Around 60% of individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) remain undiagnosed after comprehensive genetic testing, primarily of protein-coding genes. Increasingly, large genome-sequenced cohorts are improving our ability to discover new diagnoses in the non-coding genome. Here, we identify the non-coding RNA as a novel syndromic NDD gene.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to elucidate the patterns of recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and to analyze factors that can predict recurrence after complete response to radioembolization.

Materials And Methods: A total of 289 consecutive patients who underwent radioembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma at a single tertiary center were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline characteristics were collected and compared between the group showing complete response and the group showing noncomplete response.

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Anorectal fistula is a common, chronic condition, and is primarily managed surgically. Herein, we provide a contemporary review of the relevant etiology and anatomy anorectal fistula, treatment recommendations that summarize relevant outcomes and alternative considerations, in particular when to refer to a fistula expert.

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intranodal lymphangiography and thoracic duct embolization (TDE) for chyle leakage (CL) after thyroid surgery.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients who underwent intranodal lymphangiography and TDE for CL after thyroid surgery were included in this retrospective study. Among the 14 patients, 13 underwent bilateral total thyroidectomy with neck dissection (central compartment neck dissection [CCND], n = 13; left modified radical neck dissection (MRND), n = 11; bilateral MRND, n = 2), and one patient underwent left hemithyroidectomy with CCND.

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Increased use of vehicle electrification to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has led to the need for an accurate and comprehensive assessment of the carbon footprint of traction batteries. Unfortunately, there are few lifecycle assessments (LCAs) of commercial lithium-ion batteries available in the literature, and those that are available focus on the cradle-to-gate stage, often with little or no consideration of the use phase. To address this shortfall, we report both cradle-to-gate and use-phase GHG emissions for the 2020 Model Year Ford Explorer plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) NMC622 battery.

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Tobacco smoking imposes a staggering burden on public health, underscoring the urgency of developing a deeper understanding of the processes that maintain addiction. Clinical and experience-sampling data highlight the importance of anxious withdrawal symptoms, but the underlying neurobiology has remained elusive. Mechanistic work in animals implicates the central extended amygdala (EAc)-including the central nucleus of the amygdala and the neighboring bed nucleus of the stria terminalis-but the translational relevance of these discoveries remains unexplored.

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The manuscript reviews the research on economic and environmental benefits of second-life electric vehicle batteries (EVBs) use for energy storage in households, utilities, and EV charging stations. Economic benefits depend heavily on electricity costs, battery costs, and battery performance; carbon benefits depend largely on the electricity mix charging the batteries. Environmental performance is greatest when used to store renewable energy such as wind and solar power.

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Background And Purpose: We aimed to determine whether structural brain connectivity is significantly associated with the response to sumatriptan in patients with migraine.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with newly diagnosed migraine who underwent brain diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) at the time of diagnosis, with regular follow-up for at least 6 months after the initial diagnosis. Patients were classified into good- and poor-responder groups according to their response to sumatriptan.

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Purpose: This study aimed to use thermal grill illusion (TGI), an experimental model of pain processing and central mechanisms, to evaluate the perception of TGI-related sensations or pain in patients with chronic lower back pain (CLBP).

Patients And Methods: The perception of TGI (warmth/heat, cold, unpleasantness, pain, burning, stinging, and prickling) was examined in 66 patients with CLBP and compared with that in 22 healthy participants. The visual analog scale (VAS) scores for CLBP, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12) scores were obtained from the included patients with CLBP.

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