Effects of driver's braking behavior by the real-time pedestrian scale warning system.

A driver warning system can improve pedestrian safety by providing drivers with alerts about potential hazards. Most driver warning systems have primarily focused on detecting the presence of pedestrians, without considering other factors, such as the pedestrian's gender and speed, and whether pedestrians are carrying luggage, that can affect driver braking behavior. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how driver braking behavior changes based on the information about the number of pedestrians in a crowd and examine if a developed warning system based on this information can induce safe braking behavior.

Effect of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Nitrogen Plasma Treatment on Osteoblast Biological Behaviors of 3D-Printed HDPE Scaffold for Bone Tissue Regeneration Applications.

The need for the repair of bone defects has been increasing due to various causes of loss of skeletal tissue. High density polyethylenes (HDPE) have been used as bone substitutes due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical strength. In the present study, we investigated the preosteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation on the adding nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) particles into HDPE scaffold and treating HDPE/n-HAp scaffolds with nitrogen (N) plasma.

Enhanced Atmospheric Water Harvesting with Sunlight-Activated Sorption Ratcheting.

The global challenge of clean water scarcity needs to be confronted with novel sustainable, climate neutral solutions, over the entire spectrum of possible clean water availability. Atmospheric moisture represents a major untapped resource that can be harvested by sorbents, enabling water production in dry inland regions where it is needed. While benefiting from the utilization of an important renewable energy source, solar-driven, sorbent-based atmospheric water harvesting systems are inseparably based on a single water harvesting cycle per day, which severely limits the daily water productivity and the competitiveness of this very promising technology.

Clinical Impact of an Analytic Tool for Predicting the Fall Risk in Inpatients: Controlled Interrupted Time Series.

Background: Patient falls are a common cause of harm in acute-care hospitals worldwide. They are a difficult, complex, and common problem requiring a great deal of nurses' time, attention, and effort in practice. The recent rapid expansion of health care predictive analytic applications and the growing availability of electronic health record (EHR) data have resulted in the development of machine learning models that predict adverse events.

Comparative analysis of allele variation using allele frequencies according to sample size in Korean population.

Background: Allele frequency using short tandem repeats (STRs) is used to calculate likelihood ratio for database match, to interpret DNA mixture and to estimate ethnic groups in forensic genetics. In Korea, three population studies for 23 STR loci have been conducted with different sample size for forensic purposes.

Objective: We performed comparative analysis to determine how the difference of sample size affects the allele frequency and allele variation within same ethnic population (i.

Bibliometrics and Co-Citation Network Analysis of Systematic Reviews of Evidence-Based Nursing Guidelines for Preventing Inpatient Falls.

Advances in bibliometrics and co-citation analysis provide the opportunity to analyze quantitatively the large amount of nursing research used in evidence-based nursing. Numerous nursing researchers have attempted to obtain evidence that using evidence-based nursing improves the quality of nursing practices. However, little is known about how these efforts comply with the rigorous methods required for a systematic review in a subject area.

Exploiting radiative cooling for uninterrupted 24-hour water harvesting from the atmosphere.

Atmospheric water vapor is ubiquitous and represents a promising alternative to address global clean water scarcity. Sustainably harvesting this resource requires energy neutrality, continuous production, and facility of use. However, fully passive and uninterrupted 24-hour atmospheric water harvesting remains a challenge.

A forensic case study for body fluid identification using DNA methylation analysis.

Recently, a method of identifying body fluids using DNA methylation has been developed (Frumkin et al., 2011). An existing multiplex assay using 9 CpG markers could differentiate 5 body fluids: semen, blood, saliva, menstrual blood, and vaginal fluid.

Correction to: Development and forensic validation of human genomic DNA quantification kit.

The above article was published with two author names being incorrect. The published paper states "'Hyeun Kyu Yoon and Ki min Seong", whereas it should be "'Hyun Kyu Yoon and Ki Min Seong".

Development and forensic validation of human genomic DNA quantification kit.

DNA quantification is an essential step for successful multiplex short tandem repeat (STR) polymerase chain reactions (PCR), which are used for confirming identities using human genomic DNA. The new DNA quantification kit, named the National Forensic Service Quantification (NFSQ) kit, simultaneously provides total human DNA concentration, human male DNA concentration, and a DNA degradation index (DI) using multiplex TaqMan fluorescent probes. The NFSQ was validated according to developmental validation guidelines from the SWGDAM and MIQE.

Mechanical Fatigue Resistance of Piezoelectric PVDF Polymers.

The fatigue resistance of piezoelectric PVDF has been under question in recent years. While some report that a significant degradation occurs after 10⁶ cycles of repeated voltage input, others report that the reported degradation originates from the degraded metal electrodes instead of the piezoelectric PVDF itself. Here, we report the piezoelectric response and remnant polarization of PVDF during 10⁷ cycles of repeated compression and tension, with silver paste-based electrodes to eliminate any electrode effect.

Genetic variation for three Y-STR loci: DYS390, DYS518, and DYS643.

Y chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are commonly used to analyze male-specific DNA. Although biallelic patterns due to duplication events have been detected at some loci, Y-STRs generally appear as a single peak except for DYS385 because the Y chromosome is haploid. STR loci in regions of segmental duplication by homologous recombination on the Y chromosome exhibit double allelic peaks, rather than single peaks.

Rapid oral bacteria detection based on real-time PCR for the forensic identification of saliva.

This study developed a new method for forensic saliva identification using three oral bacteria, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Neisseria subflava, combined with a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system we called OB mRT-PCR. Analytical sensitivity results showed that the target bacteria were amplified at 10-10 copies/reaction, and analytical specificity was assessed using 24 other viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. To evaluate the OB mRT-PCR kit for forensic applications, saliva from 140 Korean individuals was tested, and at least two target bacteria were detected in all the samples.

Enhanced sensitivity of CpG island search and primer design based on predicted CpG island position.

DNA methylation has important biological roles, such as gene expression regulation, as well as practical applications in forensics, such as in body fluid identification and age estimation. DNA methylation often occurs in the CpG site, and methylation within the CpG islands affects various cellular functions and is related to tissue-specific identification. Several programs have been developed to identify CpG islands; however, the size, location, and number of predicted CpG islands are not identical due to different search algorithms.

Selective engineering of oxygen-containing functional groups using the alkyl ligand oleylamine for revealing the luminescence mechanism of graphene oxide quantum dots.

Oxygen-containing functional groups such as epoxy, hydroxyl, carboxylic, and carboxyl groups have a great influence on the luminescence properties of graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs). Understanding their roles is essential for the design and optimization of GOQD performance. Herein, we investigate the effect of epoxide functional groups in GOQDs on the luminescence mechanism through passivation of the epoxide functional groups using the alkyl ligand oleylamine.

Shaping micro-clusters via inverse jamming and topographic close-packing of microbombs.

Designing topographic clusters is of significant interest, yet it remains challenging as they often lack mobility or deformability. Here we exploit the huge volumetric expansion (up to 3000%) of a new type of building block, thermally expandable microbombs. They consist of a viscoelastic polymeric shell and a volatile gas core, which, within structural confinement, create micro-clusters via inverse jamming and topographical close-packing.

Multidirectional Wrinkle Patterns Programmed by Sequential Uniaxial Strain with Conformal yet Nontraceable Masks.

Surface wrinkling is a promising route to control the mechanical, electrical, and optical properties of materials in a wide range of applications. However, previous artificial wrinkles are restricted to single or random orientation and lacks selectivity. To address this challenge, this study presents multidirectional wrinkle patterns with high selectivity and orientation through sequential uniaxial strain with conformal polymeric shadow masks.

Evaluation of forensic genetic parameters of 12 STR loci in the Korean population using the Investigator HDplex kit.

We genotyped and calculated the forensic parameters of 10 non-CODIS loci and 2 CODIS loci of 990 Korean individuals using the Investigator HDplex kit. No significant deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing) or genetic linkage disequilibrium were observed. The calculated matching probability and power of discrimination ranged from 0.

Nonlinear Frameworks for Reversible and Pluripotent Wetting on Topographic Surfaces.

Soft, ultrathin frameworks nonlinearly organized in tandem are presented to realize both reversible and pluripotent wetting on topographic surfaces. A design rule is introduced by establishing and proving the theoretical model upon hierarchical textures. Nonlinear frameworks can be conformally and reversibly wet upon complex topography in nature, thereby overcoming the wetting problems in previous conventional solid systems.

Forensic genetic study of 29 Y-STRs in Korean population.

In this study, we compared two recently released commercial Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) kits: the PowerPlex Y23 System (PPY23) and Yfiler® Plus PCR amplification kit (YPlus). We performed validation studies, including sensitivity, tolerance to PCR inhibitors, and mixture analysis, and a population genetics study using 306 unrelated South Korean males. PPY23 and YPlus showed similar sensitivity, but PPY23 showed higher tolerance to humic acid than YPlus.

Protective effect of Cornus walteri Wangerin leaf against UVB irradiation induced photoaging in human reconstituted skin.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cornus walteri Wangerin has been used in oriental traditional medicine for the treatment of antidiarrheal and inflammation.

Aim Of The Study: The efficacy of Cornus walteri Wangerin on skin anti-photoaging was investigated.

Materials And Methods: Hydrolyzed Cornus walteri Wangerin leaf was tested for the anti-photoaging effects against ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, pro-inflammatory cytokines using human reconstituted skin (KeraSkin™-FT) and also tested for elastase activity in vitro.

Population genetic study for 24 STR loci and Y indel (GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification kit and PowerPlex® Fusion system) in 1000 Korean individuals.

Allele frequencies for 23 autosomal short tandem repeat loci (D3S1358, vWA, D16S539, CSF1PO, TPOX, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, TH01, FGA, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D2S441, D19S433, D22S1045, D10S1248, D1S1656, D12S391, D2S1338, SE33, Penta D, Penta E), 1 Y-chromosome short tandem repeat locus (DYS391) and Y indel were obtained from 1000 unrelated individuals of the Korean population.

Inhibiting DX2-p14/ARF Interaction Exerts Antitumor Effects in Lung Cancer and Delays Tumor Progression.

The aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 2 (AIMP2) splice variant designated DX2 is induced by cigarette smoke carcinogens and is often detected in human lung cancer specimens. However, the function of DX2 in lung carcinogenesis is obscure. In this study, we found that DX2 expression was induced by oncogenes in human lung cancer tissues and cells.

High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for the Treatment of Wrinkles and Skin Laxity in Seven Different Facial Areas.

Background: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment has recently emerged in response to the increasing demand for noninvasive procedures for skin lifting and tightening.

Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating the clinical efficacy of and patient satisfaction with HIFU treatment for wrinkles and laxity in seven different areas of the face in Asian skin.

Methods: Twenty Korean patients with facial wrinkle and laxity were analyzed after a single session of HIFU treatment.

Multiplex lithography for multilevel multiscale architectures and its application to polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell.

The production of multiscale architectures is of significant interest in materials science, and the integration of those structures could provide a breakthrough for various applications. Here we report a simple yet versatile strategy that allows for the LEGO-like integrations of microscale membranes by quantitatively controlling the oxygen inhibition effects of ultraviolet-curable materials, leading to multilevel multiscale architectures. The spatial control of oxygen concentration induces different curing contrasts in a resin allowing the selective imprinting and bonding at different sides of a membrane, which enables LEGO-like integration together with the multiscale pattern formation.