Publications by authors named "Hyuna Kim"

Article Synopsis
  • Early-life experiences significantly shape the fronto-limbic regions of the brain, affecting cognitive and social-emotional functions.
  • Limited research has focused on the normative developmental trajectories of these brain areas in preschool-aged children.
  • This study analyzed structural changes in the fronto-limbic regions in 57 typical preschoolers, revealing notable asymmetries in certain brain areas that could enhance understanding of early brain development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the impact of COVID-19 on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants, showing increased risks for adverse effects.
  • Results indicate that preterm infants exposed to the pandemic scored lower on language and cognitive assessments compared to those born before the pandemic, even after considering other factors.
  • The findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to poorer developmental outcomes for preterm children in their first three years of life.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study examines how brain structure in preterm infants predicts their neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years old, focusing on extremely preterm (EP) and very-to-late preterm (V-LP) groups.
  • Using MRI and advanced machine learning techniques, researchers identified local connectivity features as key indicators of cognitive, motor, and language scores in these infants.
  • Findings emphasize the importance of these structural features in forecasting development, showcasing machine learning's potential to inform early interventions based on brain microstructure changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The human palate can discern multiple tastes; however, it predominantly perceives five fundamental flavors: sweetness, saltiness, sourness, bitterness, and umami. Sweetness is primarily mediated through the sweet taste receptor, a membrane-bound heterodimeric structure comprising T1R2-T1R3. However, unraveling the structural and mechanistic intricacies of the sweet taste receptor has proven challenging.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Dormant, disseminated breast cancer cells resist treatment and may relapse into malignant metastases after decades of quiescence. Identifying how and why these dormant breast cancer cells are triggered into outgrowth is a key unsolved step in treating latent, metastatic breast cancer. However, our understanding of breast cancer dormancy in vivo is limited by technical challenges and ethical concerns with triggering the activation of dormant breast cancer.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigates how maternal pre-pregnancy obesity affects the brain microstructure of preterm infants, revealing significant differences between infants born to obese mothers versus those born to mothers with normal BMI.
  • - Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), researchers found that preterm infants of obese mothers had larger gray matter volume but less white matter volume and lower axial diffusivity in a specific brain tract.
  • - This research highlights the potential long-term neurodevelopmental impacts of maternal obesity, emphasizing a need for understanding how maternal health influences fetal brain development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Smoking is an environmental factor that differentially impacts Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The mechanism of impact of smoking on disease risk and clinical outcomes remains to be established.

Methods: This study used a prospective cohort of patients with CD or UC.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The oldest known hominin remains in Europe [~1.5 to ~1.1 million years ago (Ma)] have been recovered from Iberia, where paleoenvironmental reconstructions have indicated warm and wet interglacials and mild glacials, supporting the view that once established, hominin populations persisted continuously.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The study aimed to assess the risk of reoperations for strabismus in the pediatric population and to identify high-risk groups. This was a nationwide population-based study that used data from the Korean National Health Claims Database from 2008 to 2020. Two major cohorts were established based on initial strabismus: age-, sex-, and recruitment year-matched controls were randomly selected.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a complex autoimmune disorder of the orbit that causes the eye to appear disfigured. GO is typically associated with Graves' disease, an inflammatory autoimmune condition that is caused by thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies. Although our knowledge of the pathophysiology of GO has improved, its exact pathogenesis remains unclear.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Breast cancer is a leading cause of global cancer-related deaths, and metastasis is the overwhelming culprit of poor patient prognosis. The most nefarious aspect of metastasis is dormancy, a prolonged period between primary tumor resection and relapse. Current therapies are insufficient at killing dormant cells; thus, they can remain quiescent in the body for decades until eventually undergoing a phenotypic switch, resulting in metastases that are more adaptable and drug resistant.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Upper trapezius (UT) pain with myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) can affect movement at the glenohumeral joint as well as at the scapulothoracic joint. The investigation of muscle recruitment patterns can discern motor control strategies. The purpose of this study was to compare shoulder muscle recruitment patterns and muscle activity according to various loads between individuals with and without chronic UT pain.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Preterm infants may exhibit altered developmental patterns of the brain structural network by endogenous and exogenous stimuli, which are quantifiable through hub and modular network topologies that develop in the third trimester. Although preterm brain networks can compensate for white matter microstructural abnormalities of core connections, less is known about how the network developmental characteristics of preterm infants differ from those of full-term infants. We identified 13 hubs and 4 modules and revealed subtle differences in edgewise connectivity and local network properties between 134 preterm and 76 full-term infants, identifying specific developmental patterns of the brain structural network in preterm infants.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cancer drug response is heavily influenced by the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Despite a clear appreciation that the ECM influences cancer drug response and progression, a unified view of how, where, and when environment-mediated drug resistance contributes to cancer progression has not coalesced. Here, we survey some specific ways in which the ECM contributes to cancer resistance with a focus on how materials development can coincide with systems biology approaches to better understand and perturb this contribution.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The safety and efficacy of a generic product are partly based on demonstrating bioequivalence to the innovator product; however, when the innovator product is no longer available as a comparator product, a survey conducted within the Bioequivalence Working Group for Generics (BEWGG) of the International Pharmaceutical Regulators Programme (IPRP) indicated that the criteria for selecting an alternative comparator product varies. For most members of the BEWGG, an existing marketed generic that was approved based on a comparison with the locally registered innovator product can be used, contingent on criteria that ranges from allowing any generic to be used, to allowing only specific criteria-defined generics to be used. Notwithstanding the acceptability of a generic as an alternative comparator, it is not always the preferred comparator for several jurisdictions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Preterm births are often associated with neurodevelopmental impairment. In the critical developmental period of the fetal brain, preterm birth disrupts cortical maturation. Notably, preterm birth leads to alterations in the fronto-striatal and temporal lobes and the limbic region.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

While thyroid disturbances during perinatal and postnatal periods in preterm infants with congenital hypothyroidism reportedly disrupt neuronal development, no study has considered the effect of thyroid disturbances in premature infants with subclinical hypothyroidism with elevations of thyroid stimulating hormone. We aimed to identify altered fiber integrity from the thalamus to cortices in preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism. All preterm infants born were categorized according to thyroid stimulating hormone levels through serial thyroid function tests (36 preterm controls and 29 preterm infants with subclinical hypothyroidism).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Extradural spinal tumors arise from soft or bony tissues in the spine and account for majority of spinal tumors. Interest in the unilateral biportal endoscopic (UBE) technique is rising, because it can easily decompress the bony spinal canal and accommodate all open surgical instruments under endoscopic guidance. However, reports of this technique have been limited to certain diseases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Three-dimensional (3D) hydrogels made from synthetic polymers have emerged as in vitro cell culture platforms capable of representing the extracellular geometry, modulus, and water content of tissues in a tunable fashion. Hydrogels made from these otherwise non-bioactive polymers can be decorated with short peptides derived from proteins naturally found in tissues to support cell viability and direct phenotype. We identified two key limitations that limit the ability of this class of materials to recapitulate real tissue.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Previous studies have reported varying findings regarding the association of brain connectivity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with overconnectivity, underconnectivity, or both. Despite the emerging understanding that ASD is a developmental disconnection syndrome, very little is known about structural brain networks in preschool-aged children with low-functioning ASD. We aimed to investigate the structural brain connectivity of low-functioning ASD using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory to examine alterations in different brain network topologies and identify any correlations with the clinical severity of ASD in preschool-aged children.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A study was conducted to analyze neck muscle activity in participants while using smartphones in four lying positions: supine, prone on elbows, side lying, and side lying with a 45-degree head turn.
  • Twenty-three healthy young adults participated, and their neck muscle activity, specifically the sternocleidomastoid, anterior scalene, cervical erector spinae, and upper trapezius, was measured during video watching.
  • The findings indicated that the supine position led to the least muscle activity and asymmetry in neck muscles, suggesting this position is optimal for reducing neck strain while using a smartphone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * PKM2 is highly expressed in cancer cells and embryos, functioning both as a metabolic enzyme and a transcriptional regulator, while its counterpart PKM1 is dominant in differentiated cells.
  • * PKM2's posttranslational modifications allow it to relocate to the nucleus to regulate gene transcription and phosphorylate proteins, highlighting its importance in various cells like astrocytes and cancer cells for processes such as lactate production and energy supply.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

To investigate clinical features and diagnosis process of ocular myasthenia gravis (OMG) in ophthalmology department.A total of 36 patients with ptosis or diplopia who had follow-up for at least 3 months between March 2016 and December 2019 were included in this study. Clinical symptoms of patients and the test results were analyzed.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to assess whether young children with inaccurate /ɹ/ sounds who can differentiate it from /w/ improve in /ɹ/ production over a year more than those who can't.
  • A group of 136 typically developing preschoolers produced /ɹ/ and /w/ sounds at two different ages, and their accuracy was evaluated through listener ratings and narrow transcription.
  • Results showed that the improvements in /ɹ/ accuracy were not influenced by individual factors like vocabulary size, inhibitory control, speech perception, or initial phonetic differentiation between /ɹ/ and /w/.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionsmipms7oju419qhs19ogursbomv12orn): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once