Effects of Hispidulin on the Osteo/Odontogenic and Endothelial Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) with multi-lineage differentiation potential and migration ability are required for HDPSC-based bone and dental regeneration. Hispidulin is a naturally occurring flavonoid with diverse pharmacological activities, but its effects on biological properties of HDPSCs remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of hispidulin on the differentiation potential and migration ability of HDPSCs and elucidated their underlying mechanisms.

Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist RC-3095 inhibits Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-accelerated atherosclerosis by suppressing inflammatory responses in endothelial cells and macrophages.

Objective: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), one of the major periodontopathogens, is associated with the progression and exacerbation of atherosclerosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist, RC-3095, could attenuate P.

Long-Term Outcomes of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: 10 Years and Beyond.

Background: We aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs).

Methods: Among the 233 CCM patients who underwent GKS, 79 adult patients (96 lesions) followed for over 10 years were included and analyzed retrospectively. Annual hemorrhage rate (AHR) was analyzed the entire cohort of 233 patients and the subset of 79 enrolled patients by dividing lesions into overall CCM lesions and brainstem lesions.

Neurosurgical treatment of spasticity: a potential return to the cerebellum.

Objective: Neurosurgical targeting of the cerebellar dentate nucleus via ablative dentatotomy and stimulation of the dentate nucleus was historically used for effective treatment of spasticity. Yet for decades, neurosurgical treatment of spasticity targeting the cerebellum was bypassed in favor of alternative treatments such as intrathecal baclofen pumps and selective dorsal rhizotomies. Cerebellar neuromodulation has recently reemerged as a promising and effective therapy for spasticity and related movement disorders.

Vagus nerve stimulation for enhanced stroke recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage: illustrative case.

Background: Randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence has revealed the efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation therapy, over therapy alone, for upper-limb functional recovery after ischemic stroke. However, this technique has not yet been described for the recovery of chronic motor deficits after hemorrhagic stroke.

Observations: Three years after left putaminal intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke with chronic upper-limb functional deficits, a patient was treated with VNS for enhanced stroke recovery.

Primary Intracranial Ewing Sarcoma With Gene Translocation Mimicking a Meningioma and a Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Approach: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literatures.

Ewing sarcoma and peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (ES/pPNET) is an undifferentiated malignant tumor that is most prevalent in children and young adults and often radiologically mimics a meningioma. A 38-year-old female patient visited our hospital with complaints of right-sided tinnitus, right hemiparesis, and imbalance. She underwent preoperative imaging and was subsequently diagnosed as having a meningioma on the petrous ridge.

Long-Term Outcome of Unilateral Acoustic Neuromas With or Without Hearing Loss: Over 10 Years and Beyond After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.

Background: Since the long-term outcomes of 162 patients who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) as an initial or adjuvant treatment for acoustic neuromas (ANs) with unilateral hearing loss were first reported in 1998, there has been no report of a comprehensive analysis of what has changed in GKS practice.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of the long-term outcomes of 106 patients with unilateral sporadic ANs who underwent GKS as an initial treatment. The mean patient age was 50 years, and the mean initial tumor volume was 3.

Hispidulin Inhibits the Vascular Inflammation Triggered by Lipopolysaccharide.

Hispidulin is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been studied for its potential therapeutic properties, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of this study was to explore whether hispidulin could inhibit the endothelial inflammation triggered by () lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The adhesion of monocytes to the vascular endothelium was evaluated through in vitro and ex vivo monocyte adhesion assays.

Modulation of Kex2p Cleavage Site for In Vitro Processing of Recombinant Proteins Produced by .

Kex2 protease (Kex2p) is a membrane-bound serine protease responsible for the proteolytic maturation of various secretory proteins by cleaving after dibasic residues in the late Golgi network. In this study, we present an application of Kex2p as an alternative endoprotease for the in vitro processing of recombinant fusion proteins produced by the yeast . The proteins were expressed with a fusion partner connected by a Kex2p cleavage sequence for enhanced expression and easy purification.

Naringenin stimulates osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation and migration of human dental pulp stem cells.

Background/purpose: Naringenin, a naturally occurring flavanone in citrus fruits, regulates bone formation by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of naringenin on some biological behaviors of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs).

Materials And Methods: HDPSCs were cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium and osteo/odontogenic differentiation and mineralization were analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining.

Characterization and applications of evoked responses during epidural electrical stimulation.

Background: Epidural electrical stimulation (EES) of the spinal cord has been FDA approved and used therapeutically for decades. However, there is still not a clear understanding of the local neural substrates and consequently the mechanism of action responsible for the therapeutic effects.

Method: Epidural spinal recordings (ESR) are collected from the electrodes placed in the epidural space.

Genomic analysis as a tool to infer disparate phylogenetic origins of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors and their satellite lesions.

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET) is a low-grade brain tumor commonly associated with drug-resistant epilepsy. About half of DNETs are accompanied by tiny nodular lesions separated from the main mass. The existence of these satellite lesions (SLs) has shown a strong association with tumor recurrence, suggesting that they are true tumors.

Dual-functional carboxymethyl levan-based protein carrier for cosmeceutical application of human epidermal growth factor.

Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) has been a subject of extensive research as its wide range of physiological functions has many potential applications. However, due to the low stability of hEGF, its physiological effect is easily lost under conditions of use. To compensate for this, we developed a stable delivery system using levan-based nanoparticles.

Inhibition of the Semaphorin 4D-Plexin-B1 axis prevents calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Vascular calcification is common in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, and is associated with an increased risk of pathological events and mortality. Some semaphorin family members play an important role in atherosclerosis. In the present study, we show that Semaphorin 4D/Sema4D and its Plexin-B1 receptor were significantly upregulated in calcified aorta of a rat chronic kidney disease model.

A new platform host for strong expression under promoters without inducer in .

The mutant of yeast is used for the constitutive expression under strong promoters without galactose induction. To enhance productivity of mutant, an alternative strain, allgal, was developed by removing all galactose-utilizing genes that consume significant cellular resources in the strain when cultured in non-galactose conditions. The efficacy of the allgal mutant (, and ) was verified by assessing the secretory expression of three recombinant proteins, lipase B (CalB), human serum albumin (HSA), and human epidermal growth factor (hEGF), using the promoter.

Tonic, Burst, and Burst-Cycle Spinal Cord Stimulation Lead to Differential Brain Activation Patterns as Detected by Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objective: The objective of this preclinical study was to examine the responses of the brain to noxious stimulation in the presence and absence of different modes of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) using blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI).

Materials And Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to groups based on the mode of SCS delivered which included tonic stimulation (n = 27), burst stimulation (n = 30), and burst-cycle stimulation (n = 29). The control (sham) group (n = 28) received no SCS.

Retained medullary cord and terminal myelocystocele as a spectrum: case report.

The caudal portion of the spinal cord, the medullary cord, is formed by secondary neurulation. One of the distinctive features of secondary neurulation compared to primary neurulation is that the medullary cord normally degenerates into a filum in humans. Various anomalies have been known to originate from degenerating process errors.