Establishment and long-term expansion of adult hepatobiliary organoids co-cultured with liver endothelial cells.

The liver has a unique ability to regenerate in response to injury or disease with hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells (BECs) driving the regenerative response. Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) also play role in regeneration with the ability to differentiate into either hepatocytes or BECs. However, during chronic liver disease, the regenerative capacity of the liver is impaired.

S6K1 deficiency in tumor stroma impairs lung metastasis of melanoma in mice.

Accumulating data suggest that ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1), an effector in the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, plays pleiotropic roles in tumor progression. However, to date, while the tumorigenic function of S6K1 in tumor cells has been well elucidated, its role in the tumor stroma remains poorly understood. We recently showed that S6K1 mediates vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) production in macrophages, thereby supporting tumor angiogenesis and growth.

Development of a one-step reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV) is an important disease that severely affects the swine industry and, therefore, warrants rapid and accurate diagnosis for its control. Despite the progress in developing diagnostic tools, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods such as reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) to diagnose PRRSV infection, its diagnosis at the genetic level is challenging because of its high genetic variability. Nevertheless, RT-qPCR is the easiest and fastest method for diagnosing PRRSV.

Loss of S6K1 But Not S6K2 in the Tumor Microenvironment Suppresses Tumor Growth by Attenuating Tumor Angiogenesis.

Two isoforms of the 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase, S6K1 and S6K2, have been identified and are considered key downstream effectors of the mTOR signaling pathway, which is involved in tumor growth and progression. However, their biological roles in the tumor microenvironment are poorly understood. In this study, utilizing tumor xenograft models in S6k1 and S6k2 mice, we show that loss of S6K1 but not S6K2 in the tumor stroma suppresses tumor growth, accompanied by attenuated tumor angiogenesis.

Bioactivity-based analysis and chemical characterization of cytotoxic compounds from a poisonous mushroom, , in human lung cancer cells .

As part of our systematic study on Korean toxic mushrooms, bioactivity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of (Amanitaceae) fruiting bodies and chemical investigation of its cytotoxic fractions led to the isolation of (9)-8-oxo-9-octadecenoic acid (), (10)-9-oxo-10-octadecenoic acid (), (9)-8-oxo-9-octadecenoate methyl ester (), (9)-9-octadecenoate-(2')-2',3'-dihydroxypropyl ester (), (9)-9-octadecenoic acid (), and palmitic acid (). The structures of the isolates were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic analysis and LC/MS analysis. Among the isolated compounds, compounds and exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity in all human lung cancer cell lines examined, with IC values ranging from 255.

Bioactivity-guided isolation of ginsenosides from Korean Red Ginseng with cytotoxic activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In this study, we used a bioactivity-guided isolation technique to identify constituents of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) with antiproliferative activity against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Methods: Bioactivity-guided fractionation and preparative/semipreparative HPLC purification were used with LC/MS analysis to separate the bioactive constituents.

Cytotoxic Constituents from the Sclerotia of against Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Inducing Mitochondrial Apoptosis.

Previous studies have revealed the antitumor potential of Wolf against a broad spectrum of cancers. However, the biological activity of against lung cancer, which is known as the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, and its underlying chemical and molecular basis, remain to be investigated. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of toward human lung adenocarcinoma cells with different statuses, to identify the bioactive constituents of , and explicate the molecular mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity of these constituents in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Bioactivity-based analysis and chemical characterization of cytotoxic constituents from Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) that induce apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Inonotus obliquus, also known as Chaga mushroom, is one of the most widely appreciated wild edible mushrooms in Russia and northern European countries and is renowned for its use in cancer treatment. Indeed, recently published in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated its anticancer activity in various types of cancer and support its potential application for therapeutic intervention in cancer. However, its activity against lung cancer, the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and the underlying molecular basis of its action remain to be fully elucidated.

Pinecone of Pinus koraiensis Inducing Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer Cells by Activating Caspase-3 and its Chemical Constituents.

Pinecones from Pinus koraiensisSiebold & Zucc. (Pinaceae), which have historically been treated as an undesired waste by-product in the processing of seeds, have recently been shown to contain ingredients with potent biological activities, such as polyphenols exhibiting antitumor activity. With this study, we seek to broaden our understanding of antitumor compounds contained in these pinecones beyond just polyphenols.

The Potential Regressive Role of Syzygium aromaticum on the Reproduction of Male Golden Hamsters.

The flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) have been used as traditional medicine for the treatment of male sexual disorders in Asian countries. Recently, there are some reports about the effects of the clove on reproductive activities in mammals. Therefore, its effect on testicular function was examined in male golden hamsters whose reproductive activity is inhibited by photoperiod such as winter climate.

Antibiotic resistance of microbial strains isolated from Korean acne patients.

Over several decades, topical and systemic antibiotics have been the mainstay of treatment for acne vulgaris. The widespread and long-term use of antibiotics in the treatment of acne has resulted in the spread of resistant bacterial strains and treatment failure. We aimed to examine the bacteriology of acne vulgaris and to evaluate its susceptibility to the antibiotics widely used for acne in Korea.

Subcutaneous myxoid and round cell liposarcoma.

Myxoid and round cell liposarcoma is a variant of liposarcoma characterized by a morphologic continuum in which tumor progression from low-grade myxoid to high-grade hypercellular or round cell areas may be observed. A 28-year old man presented with a painful skin colored subcutaneous mass on his left flank. The skin lesion was discovered about two months ago.