Complete mitochondrial genome of the European common barnacle Bruguière, 1789 (balanomorpha: balanidae).

This study is the first to sequence the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Bruguière, 1789 (Balanomorpha: Balanidae). The 15,536-bp long mitogenome contained a typical set of animal mitochondrial genes, along with one control region. The mitogenome had an inverted gene block (-----) between (gct) and .

Circulating blood eNAMPT drives the circadian rhythms in locomotor activity and energy expenditure.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential cofactor of critical enzymes including protein deacetylase sirtuins/SIRTs and its levels in mammalian cells rely on the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT)-mediated salvage pathway. Intracellular NAMPT (iNAMPT) is secreted and found in the blood as extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT). In the liver, the iNAMPT-NAD axis oscillates in a circadian manner and regulates the cellular clockwork.

Complete mitochondrial genome of little ringed plover (Charadriiformes, Charadriidae).

This study encoded the complete mitochondrial genomic sequence of the little ringed plover . The mitochondrial genome has a total length of 16,864 bp, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and a control region. The nucleotide composition was 23.

DNA-based diversity assessment reveals a new coral barnacle, sp. nov. (Balanomorpha: Pyrgomatidae) exclusively associated with the high latitude coral in the waters of southern Korea.

In the present study, the Indo-Pacific coral associated barnacle (Broch, 1931) was found to have cryptic species in Korea, Taiwan and other regions based on molecular studies. However, the original specimens of from Broch have not been previously described or illustrated, making it difficult to assign which cryptic species to the original . The original specimen of was examined and illustrated here, and the species identity of cf.

A new species of the coral associated barnacle (Thoracica: Pyrgomatidae: Pyrgoma) from a deep-sea oculinid coral in New Caledonian waters.

The present study describes a new species of Pyrgoma Leach, 1817, a coral associated barnacle attached to Tubastrea, from the south of New Caledonia. Pyrgoma spurtruncata sp. nov.

Role of Angptl4/Fiaf in exercise-induced skeletal muscle AMPK activation.

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4)/fasting-induced adipose factor (Fiaf) expression levels are increased by exercise in skeletal muscle. We have previously shown that Angptl4 regulates food intake and energy expenditure via modulation of hypothalamic AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. AMPK is an important signaling molecule that integrates skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise.

Living with marginal coral communities: Diversity and host-specificity in coral-associated barnacles in the northern coral distribution limit of the East China Sea.

Corals and their associated fauna are extremely diverse in tropical waters and form major reefs. In the high-latitude temperate zone, corals living near their distribution limit are considered marginal communities because they are particularly extremely sensitive to environmental and climatic changes. In this study, we examined the diversity and host usage of coral-associated barnacles on Jeju Island, Korea, the northern coral distribution limit in the East China Sea.

Angiopoietin-like peptide 4 regulates insulin secretion and islet morphology.

Insulin secretion from pancreatic islet β-cells is primarily regulated by the blood glucose level, and also modulated by a number of biological factors produced inside the islets or released from remote organs. Previous studies have shown that angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4) controls glucose and lipid metabolism through its actions in the liver, adipose tissue, and skeletal muscles. In this present study, we investigated the possible role of Angptl4 in the regulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic islets.

Regulation of energy balance by the hypothalamic lipoprotein lipase regulator Angptl3.

Hypothalamic lipid sensing is important for the maintenance of energy balance. Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (Angptl3) critically regulates the clearance of circulating lipids by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase (LPL). The current study demonstrated that Angptl3 is highly expressed in the neurons of the mediobasal hypothalamus, an important area in brain lipid sensing.

Clusterin/ApoJ enhances central leptin signaling through Lrp2-mediated endocytosis.

Hypothalamic leptin signaling plays a central role in maintaining body weight homeostasis. Here, we show that clusterin/ApoJ, recently identified as an anorexigenic neuropeptide, is an important regulator in the hypothalamic leptin signaling pathway. Coadministration of clusterin potentiates the anorexigenic effect of leptin and boosts leptin-induced hypothalamic Stat3 activation.

Leptin-promoted cilia assembly is critical for normal energy balance.

The majority of mammalian cells have nonmotile primary cilia on their surface that act as antenna-like sensory organelles. Genetic defects that result in ciliary dysfunction are associated with obesity in humans and rodents, which suggests that functional cilia are important for controlling energy balance. Here we demonstrated that neuronal cilia lengths were selectively reduced in hypothalami of obese mice with leptin deficiency and leptin resistance.

Hypothalamic and pituitary clusterin modulates neurohormonal responses to stress.

Clusterin is a sulfated glycoprotein abundantly expressed in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus of mammals. However, its physiological role in neuroendocrine function is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of clusterin on plasma pituitary hormone levels in normal rats.

Clusterin and LRP2 are critical components of the hypothalamic feeding regulatory pathway.

Hypothalamic feeding circuits are essential for the maintenance of energy balance. There have been intensive efforts to discover new biological molecules involved in these pathways. Here we report that central administration of clusterin, also called apolipoprotein J, causes anorexia, weight loss and activation of hypothalamic signal transduction-activated transcript-3 in mice.

Role of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin neuron autophagy in the control of appetite and leptin response.

Autophagy is a catabolic cellular process involving the degradation of the cell's own components. Although the role of autophagy of diverse tissues in body metabolism has been investigated, the importance of autophagy in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, key regulators of energy balance, has not been addressed. The role of autophagy in leptin sensitivity that is critical for the control of body weight and appetite has also not been investigated.

Involvement of progranulin in hypothalamic glucose sensing and feeding regulation.

Progranulin (PGRN) is a secreted glycoprotein with multiple biological functions, including modulation of wound healing and inflammation. Hypothalamic PGRN has been implicated in the development of sexual dimorphism. In the present study, a potential role for PGRN in the hypothalamic regulation of appetite and body weight was investigated.

Hypothalamic Angptl4/Fiaf is a novel regulator of food intake and body weight.

Objective: The angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4)/fasting-induced adipose factor (Fiaf) is known as a regulator of peripheral lipid and glucose metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the physiological role of Angptl4 in central regulation of body weight homeostasis.

Research Design And Methods: Hypothalamic Angptl4 expression levels were measured using immunoblot assay during feeding manipulation or after administration of leptin, insulin, and nutrients.