Gyejibokryeong-Hwan improves recovery of injured muscles in mouse model of muscle contusion.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Gyejibokryeong-Hwan (Guizhifuling-wan, GBH) on muscle injury in a mouse model of muscle contusion.

Methods: C57/BL6 mouse biceps femoris muscles were injured using the drop-mass method and injured animals were treated orally with GBH (50, 100, or 500 mg/kg) once a day for 7 d. Open field and treadmill running tests were performed to assess functional recovery from muscle injury.

Complete genome sequencing of a recombinant strain between human astrovirus antigen types 2 and 8 isolated from South Korea.

Human astroviruses (HAstVs) occur worldwide and are known to the causative agents of diarrhea in infants and elderly patients with immune dysfunction. This study aimed to identify recombinant HAstV strains and characterize rare genotypes. The full-length genome of a recombinant HAstV strain isolated from the stool sample of a patient with acute gastroenteritis from South Korea was amplified using three pairs of previously designed primers and seven newly designed primers.

Association of insulin receptor and syndecan-1 by insulin with activation of ERK I/II in osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells.

Insulin plays an important role in various metabolic as well as anabolic actions in cells, including osteoblast cells. In the present study, we explored to determine if insulin receptor could associate with syndecan-1 in response to insulin and such association could lead to the activation of subsequent ERK I/II and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in osteoblast cells. Insulin rapidly induces the association of insulin receptor with syndecan-1.

Liquid chromatographic resolution of beta-amino acids on CSPs based on optically active (3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6.

Two chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on optically active (3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6 covalently bonded to silica gel were utilized for the first time for the resolution of racemic beta-amino acids using high performance liquid chromatography. All of the 10 beta-amino acids tested were resolved on the CSP containing residual silanol-protecting n-octyl groups, while only five beta-amino acids were resolved on the CSP containing residual silanol groups. The superiority of the CSP containing residual silanol-protecting n-octyl groups and the characteristic retention behaviors of the two enantiomers on the CSP were rationalized to stem from the removal of the residual silanol groups, which can otherwise induce the non-enantioselective retention of the analytes, and the improved lipophilicity of the CSP.

Effect of the residual silanol group protection on the liquid chromatographic resolution of racemic primary amino compounds on a chiral stationary phase based on optically active (3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6.

A liquid chromatographic chiral stationary phase (CSP) based on (3,3'-diphenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl)-20-crown-6, which has been utilized in the resolution of alpha-amino acids, amines and amino alcohols, was treated with excess of n-octyltriethoxysilane to prepare a new improved CSP. The residual silanol groups of the original CSP were protected by n-octyl groups in the new CSP. The chiral recognition ability of the new CSP was superior to that of the original CSP in the resolution of alpha-amino acids, amines and amino alcohols.