Cooperative Catalysis of Vibrationally Excited CO and Alloy Catalyst Breaks the Thermodynamic Equilibrium Limitation.

Using nonthermal plasma (NTP) to promote CO hydrogenation is one of the most promising approaches that overcome the limitations of conventional thermal catalysis. However, the catalytic surface reaction dynamics of NTP-activated species are still under debate. The NTP-activated CO hydrogenation was investigated in PdGa/SiO alloy catalysts and compared to thermal conditions.

Plasma-chemical promotion of catalysis for CH dry reforming: unveiling plasma-enabled reaction mechanisms.

A kinetic study revealed that a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited a drastic increase in CH4 and CO2 conversion under nonthermal plasma when lanthanum was added to the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst as a promoter. For a better fundamental understanding of the plasma and catalyst interfacial phenomena, we employed in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) under plasma-on conditions to elucidate the nonthermal plasma-enabled reaction enhancement mechanisms. Compared with thermal catalysis, plasma-activated CO2 shows a 1.

Highly efficient decomposition of toluene using a high-temperature plasma-catalysis reactor.

Plasma-catalysis technologies (PCTs) have the potential to control the emissions of volatile organic compounds, although their low-energy efficiency is a bottleneck for their practical applications. A plasma-catalyst reactor filled with a CeO/γ-AlO catalyst was developed to decompose toluene with a high-energy efficiency enhanced by the elevating reaction temperature. When the reaction temperature was raised from 50 °C to 250 °C, toluene conversion dramatically increased from 45.

Physical properties and biological/odontogenic effects of an experimentally developed fast-setting α-tricalcium phosphate-based pulp capping material.

Background: Recently, fast-setting α-tricalcium-phosphate (TCP) cement was developed for use in the pulp capping process. The aim of this study was to investigate the physical properties and biological effects of α-TCP cement in comparison with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

Methods: We measured the setting time, pH values, compressive strength, and solubility of the two materials.

Gas-to-particle conversion in surface discharge nonthermal plasmas and its implications for atmospheric chemistry.

This paper presents some experimental data on gas-to-particle conversion of benzene using nonthermal plasma (NTP) technology and discusses the possibility of its technical application in atmospheric chemistry. Aerosol measurement using a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) revealed that the parts of benzene molecules were converted into a nanometer-sized aerosol. Aerosol formation was found to be highly related with the missing part in carbon balance.

Identification of chemicals to inhibit the kinase activity of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a Parkinson's disease-associated protein.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease which occurs at more than 1% in populations aging 65-years and over. Recently, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been identified as a causative gene for autosomal dominantly inherited familial PD cases. LRRK2 G2019S which is a prevalent mutant found in familial PD patients with LRRK2 mutations, exhibited kinase activity stronger than that of the wild type, suggesting the LRRK2 kinase inhibitor as a potential PD therapeutics.

The destruction of atmospheric pressure propane and propene using a surface discharge plasma reactor.

Surface discharge plasma reactors (SDRs) have been shown to be effective in removing a wide range of pollutants. In this study, the effectiveness of a SDR for the removal of propane and propene from an atmospheric pressure air stream was investigated. For an input energy of 100 J L-1, the conversions were found to be 16% and 68% for propane and propene, respectively.