Determinants of prolonged baseline blood pressure restoration following autonomic dysreflexia for individuals with spinal cord injuries.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the determinants affecting the time required for blood pressure (BP) restoration after autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and to propose a new method for BP measurement in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) who experience AD.

Methods: In a prospective, single-center observational study, participants' bladders were filled with body-temperature saline until reaching cystometric capacity, as confirmed by previous urodynamic studies. Restoration time (RT), defined as the time from the onset of voiding until BP returned to baseline, was measured during the morning voiding session.

Utilizing Pulmonary Function Parameters to Predict Dysphagia in Individuals With Cervical Spinal Cord Injuries.

Objective: To utilize pulmonary function parameters as predictive factors for dysphagia in individuals with cervical spinal cord injuries (CSCIs).

Methods: Medical records of 78 individuals with CSCIs were retrospectively reviewed. The pulmonary function was evaluated using spirometry and peak flow meter, whereas the swallowing function was assessed using a videofluoroscopic swallowing study.

Corticoreticular Pathway in Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.

One of the pathophysiologies of post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is the imbalance of the reticulospinal tract (RST) caused by injury to the corticoreticular pathway (CRP) after stroke. We investigated the relationship between injuries of the CRP and PSS using MR diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The subjects were divided into spasticity and control groups.

Non-traumatic spinal cord infarction of the conus medullaris in a child: a case report.

Introduction: The etiologies of pediatric spinal cord infarction are commonly cardiovascular problems resulting from hypotensive events from trauma and abdominal aortic surgery. Non-traumatic spinal cord infarction in children is rare and remains difficult to diagnose. We report a case of non-traumatic spinal cord infarction of the conus medullaris in a child who recovered after receiving only rehabilitative treatment.

Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Post-stroke Non-fluent Aphasia in Relation with Broca's Area.

This study investigated the differences in the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) between patients with and without the involvement of Broca's area (IBA). The medical records of 20 stroke patients treated with rTMS for non-fluent aphasia were reviewed. Patients completed the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB) pre- and post-rTMS.

Prevalence and Severity of Dysphagia Using Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study in Patients with Aspiration Pneumonia.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence and severity of dysphagia in patients diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia, with and without neurologic disorders.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of inpatients with aspiration pneumonia who underwent a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) for evaluation of dysphagia. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of neurologic disorders.

Unilateral Diaphragm Paralysis Associated With Neurosyphilis: A Case Report.

Diaphragm dysfunction can originate from various etiologies, and bilaterality of the dysfunction depends on the cause. Symptoms of diaphragm dysfunction vary depending on the degree of phrenic nerve denervation, spinal cord lesion, and involvement of the diaphragm. Several infectious diaphragmatic dysfunctions have been reported, including the human immunodeficiency virus, poliovirus, West Nile virus, and dengue virus.

Recovery target priorities of people with spinal cord injuries in Korea compared with other countries: a survey.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: To identify which functional areas are important in recovery and which psychosocial factors influence life quality among persons with spinal cord injuries in Korea and to compare our results with similar studies from other countries.

Setting: University-affiliated rehabilitation hospital.

Revisit Spinal Shock: Pattern of Reflex Evolution during Spinal Shock.

When the spinal cord is suddenly severed, all the fundamental functions of the spinal cord below the level of injury including the spinal cord reflexes are immediately depressed, which is referred to as spinal shock. The resolution of spinal shock occurs over a period of days to months, and spinal shock slowly transitions to spasticity. The definition of spinal shock and the pattern of reflex recovery or evolution remains as an issue of debate and controversy.

Comparative Effects of Different Assistance Force During Robot-Assisted Gait Training on Locomotor Functions in Patients With Subacute Stroke: An Assessor-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the effects of progressive reducing assistance force versus full assistance force controlled robot-assisted gait training combined with conventional physiotherapy on locomotor functions in patients with subacute stroke.

Design: Inpatients with subacute stroke (N = 29; 16 men; Functional Ambulation Category score = 1 ± 0.9) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a progressive reducing assistance force group (n = 15) or a full assistance force group (n = 14).

Motor and Sensory Function as a Predictor of Respiratory Function Associated With Ventilator Weaning After High Cervical Cord Injury.

Objective: To analyze the respiratory function of high cervical cord injury according to ventilator dependence and to examine the correlations between diaphragm movement found on fluoroscopy and sensory and motor functions.

Methods: A total of 67 patients with high cervical spinal cord injury (SCI), admitted to our hospital were enrolled in the study. One rehabilitation physician performed sensory and motor examinations on all patients while each patient was in the supine position on the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) standard.

Pharmacotherapy Prescription Trends for Cognitive-Behavioral Disorder in Patients With Brain Injury in Korea.

Objective: To investigate the current status of pharmacotherapy prescribed by physiatrists in Korea for cognitive-behavioral disorder.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by mailing questionnaires to 289 physiatrists working at teaching hospitals. Items on the questionnaire evaluated prescribing patterns of 16 drugs related to cognitive-behavioral therapy, the status of combination pharmacotherapy, and tools for assessing target symptoms.

Cardiovascular Monitoring During Video Urodynamic Studies in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury.

Objective: The aims of the study were to observe cardiovascular responses during video urodynamic studies and to identify correlations between autonomic dysreflexia events and video urodynamic study findings in spinal cord injuries.

Design: Thirty-four persons with spinal cord injury were enrolled and investigated using continuous cardiovascular monitoring during video urodynamic studies. Associations between cardiovascular responses and video study variables were analyzed.

Anorectal Manometric and Urodynamic Parameters According to the Spinal Cord Injury Lesion.

Objective: To assess the correlation between the anorectal function and bladder detrusor function in patients with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) according to the type of lesion.

Methods: Medical records of twenty-eight patients with SCI were included in this study. We compared the anorectal manometric and urodynamic (UD) parameters in total subjects.

Effects of Innovative WALKBOT Robotic-Assisted Locomotor Training on Balance and Gait Recovery in Hemiparetic Stroke: A Prospective, Randomized, Experimenter Blinded Case Control Study With a Four-Week Follow-Up.

The present clinical investigation was to ascertain whether the effects of WALKBOT-assisted locomotor training (WLT) on balance, gait, and motor recovery were superior or similar to the conventional locomotor training (CLT) in patients with hemiparetic stroke. Thirty individuals with hemiparetic stroke were randomly assigned to either WLT or CLT. WLT emphasized on a progressive, conventional locomotor retraining practice (40 min) combined with the WALKBOT-assisted, haptic guidance and random variable locomotor training (40 min) whereas CLT involved conventional physical therapy alone (80 min).

Effect of constraint-induced movement therapy and mirror therapy for patients with subacute stroke.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and combined mirror therapy for inpatient rehabilitation of the patients with subacute stroke.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with subacute stroke were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups: CIMT combined with mirror therapy group, CIMT only group, and control group. Two weeks of CIMT for 6 hours a day with or without mirror therapy for 30 minutes a day were performed under supervision.

Differences in urodynamic variables for vesicoureteral reflux depending on the neurogenic bladder type.

Objective: To compare the urodynamic study variables at the onset of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) between the overactive and underactive bladders in patients with spinal cord injury who presented with VUR.

Methods: A total of 28 (13 cases of detrusor overactivity and 15 detrusor underactivity) men were enrolled. We compared the urodynamic variables between the two groups; detrusor pressure and bladder compliance, the infused volume at the onset of VUR measured on a voiding cystourethrography and cystometric capacity, maximum detrusor pressure, and bladder compliance during filling cystometry were recorded.

Phasic changes in bladder compliance during filling cystometry of the neurogenic bladder.

Objective: To investigate phasic changes during filling cystometry that most accurately represent detrusor properties, regardless of other factors affecting detrusor contractility.

Methods: Seventy-eight patients (59 males, 19 females; mean age, 48.2 years) with spinal cord injuries were enrolled.

Acquiring the optimal time for hyperbaric therapy in the rat model of CFA induced arthritis.

Background: We previously published an article about the pressure effect using a rheumatoid animal model. Hyperbaric therapy appears to be beneficial in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by reducing the inflammatory process in an animal model. In this sense, acquiring the optimal pressure-treatment time parameter for RA is important and no optimal hyperbaric therapy time has been suggested up to now.