[Evaluation of Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pathologic Complete Response and Residual Tumor Size of Breast Cancer: Analysis on Accuracy of MRI and Affecting Factors].

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of MRI in predicting the pathological complete response (pCR) and the residual tumor size of breast cancer after neoadjucant chemotherapy (NAC), and to determine the factors affecting the accuarcy.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-eight breast cancer patients who underwent surgery after NAC at our center between 2010 and 2017 were included in this study. pCR was defined as the absence of invasive cancer on pathological evaluation.

Effect of in vitro testicular spermatozoa culture on pregnancy outcomes: an experience at a single university hospital.

Background: There are no guidelines for the optimal incubation time or temperature to improve pregnancy outcomes in testicular sperm extraction-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (TESE-ICSI) cycles. We aimed to evaluate whether a 24-hour in vitro culture of testicular spermatozoa affects pregnancy outcomes in TESE-ICSI cycles.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 83 TESE-ICSI cycles using testicular spermatozoa in 46 couples with male partners suffering from nonobstructive or obstructive azoospermia.

Prognostic significance of preoperative and follow-up neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the significance of preoperative and follow-up neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as prognostic factors for recurrence in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (NMCCRCC).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 309 patients with NMCCRCC who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy. The prognostic significance of various clinicopathological variables, preoperative NLR (pNLR) and PLR (pPLR), and NLR and PLR at recurrence or quasi-recurrence (rNLR and rPLR) for recurrence-free survival (RFS) was analyzed.

Long-term cost comparison between surgical and medical therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a study using hospital billing data.

Objectives: To analyse actual long-term medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and compare the incurred cost with that of patients with BPH who underwent early surgery.

Patients And Methods: Patients who were first diagnosed with BPH from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2010 were identified using the Clinical Data Warehouse. Hospital billing data generated by the electronic hospital management system were collected until December 2015.

Prognostic significance of modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) as a prognostic factor in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and methods Between June 1994 and July 2012, 469 patients with RCC underwent radical or partial nephrectomy at two hospitals. Among these patients, 65 with non-clear cell type histology and 16 with lymph-node or distant metastasis were excluded.

Triolein Emulsion Infusion Into the Carotid Artery Increases Brain Permeability to Anticancer Agents.

Background: Triolein emulsion infusion into the carotid artery has been reported to induce temporary and reversible opening of the blood-brain barrier by increasing vascular permeability.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of triolein emulsion infusion on brain permeance by anticancer agents.

Methods: In the doxorubicin study.

Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC/ESI-MS/MS) Study for the Identification and Characterization of In Vivo Metabolites of Cisplatin in Rat Kidney Cancer Tissues: Online Hydrogen/Deuterium (H/D) Exchange Study.

In vivo rat kidney tissue metabolites of an anticancer drug, cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum [II]) (CP) which is used for the treatment of testicular, ovarian, bladder, cervical, esophageal, small cell lung, head and neck cancers, have been identified and characterized by using liquid chromatography positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS) in combination with on line hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) experiments. To identify in vivo metabolites, kidney tissues were collected after intravenous administration of CP to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 3 per group). The tissue samples were homogenized and extracted using newly optimized metabolite extraction procedure which involves liquid extraction with phosphate buffer containing ethyl acetate and protein precipitation with mixed solvents of methanol-water-chloroform followed by solid-phase clean-up procedure on Oasis HLB 3cc cartridges and then subjected to LC/ESI-HRMS analysis.

Distribution study of cisplatin in rat kidney and liver cancer tissues by using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

A sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography positive ion electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for the quantitative determination and distribution of cisplatin (CP) in kidney and liver tissues after intravenous administration of drug to adult male Sprague Dawley rats. Oxaliplatin (OXP) was used as an internal standard. The tissue samples were homogenized and extracted using conventional liquid-liquid extraction method with phosphate buffer containing ethyl acetate and then subjected to LC-MS analysis.

Hospitalization decreases serum prostate-specific antigen values compared with outpatient values in patients with benign prostatic diseases.

Purpose: To investigate whether hospitalization influences serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values.

Materials And Methods: Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies were performed for detecting prostate cancer in 2,017 patients between February 2001 and April 2011 at Ajou University Hospital. Of those patients, 416 patients who were hospitalized for prostate biopsies, whose serum PSA values were measured at the outpatient department within 1 month of admission and also just after admission, and who had negative prostate biopsy results were included in the present study.

Predictive factors for bladder recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.

Introduction: To identify predictive factors for developing subsequent bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) in patients undergoing radical nephroureterectomy for the treatment of upper urinary tract UC (UUT-UC).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 78 patients with clinically localized UUT-UC who had undergone operation at our institution between June 1994 and December 2009. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to determine the predictive factors.

Choosing which practitioner sees the next patient in the preanesthesia evaluation clinic based on the relative speeds of the practitioner.

Background: When a practitioner in a preanesthesia evaluation clinic is not evaluating a patient because no patient is waiting to be seen, the practitioner often has other responsibilities such as reviewing charts of patients. When practitioners differ in how quickly they complete evaluations, multiple scenarios can be created wherein the slowest practitioner would only evaluate patients when the number of patients waiting exceeds a threshold (e.g.

Newly developed urinary retention and motor weakness of lower extremities in a postherpetic neuralgia patient.

During the early stage of postherpetic neuralgia, an epidural block on the affected segment is helpful in controlling pain and preventing progression to a chronic state. The main neurologic complication following an epidural block is cord compression symptom due to an epidural hematoma. When neurologic complications arise from an epidural block for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, it is important to determine whether the complications are due to the procedure or due to the herpes zoster itself.

Prostate-specific antigen nadir and time to prostate-specific antigen nadir following maximal androgen blockade independently predict prognosis in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics following maximal androgen blockade (MAB) on disease progression and cancer-specific survival in patients with metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: One hundred thirty-one patients with metastatic, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with MAB at our institution were included in this study. Patients' characteristics, PSA at MAB initiation, PSA nadir, time to PSA nadir (TTN), and PSA decline were analyzed by using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Prognostic Significance of Substaging according to the Depth of Lamina Propria Invasion in Primary T1 Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic significance of the depth of lamina propria invasion in primary T1 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 183 patients with primary T1 TCC of the bladder who had undergone transurethral resection (TUR) at our institution. Substaging was defined according to the depth of lamina propria invasion as follows: T1a, superficial invasion of lamina propria; T1b, invasion into the muscularis mucosa (MM); T1c, invasion beyond the MM but not to the muscularis propria.

Orthotopic ileal neobladder reconstruction in a woman who developed squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder after kidney transplantation.

The case of a 62-year-old woman who developed squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder 16 years after a kidney transplant is reported here. After the transplant, immunosuppressive therapy was maintained with cyclosporin A (200 mg/day) and the patient's serum creatinine level was 0.9 mg/dL.

Extensive systemic sarcoidosis with testicular involvement mimicking metastatic testicular cancer.

Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic, multisystem disease that rarely involves the genitourinary tract. Here we present an unusual case of testicular sarcoidosis with extensive lymphadenopathy that mimicked a metastatic testicular tumor. A 27-year-old male presented with a palpable right testicular mass accompanied by multiple palpable inguinal lymph nodes.

Testicular microlithiasis: prevalence and clinical significance in a population referred for scrotal ultrasonography.

Purpose: Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is an uncommon pathologic condition that is commonly diagnosed by scrotal ultrasonography. Indirect evidence suggests that this syndrome may be associated with an increased risk of testicular malignancy and infertility.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,439 patients undergoing scrotal ultrasound during a 6-year, 5-month period (January 2003 to May 2009) were retrospectively reviewed.

Prognostic significance of preoperative C-reactive protein elevation and thrombocytosis in patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation and thrombocytosis with the prognosis of patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical records of 177 patients (130 men and 47 women) with non-metastatic RCC who underwent a radical nephrectomy between March 2000 and May 2008 and for whom preoperative CRP and platelet data were available for analysis. Preoperative CRP elevation and thrombocytosis were compared with clinical and pathological variables.

Expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor isoforms in developing mouse bladder uroepithelium.

Objectives: Tight junctions are important for uroepithelial paracellular permeability barriers. In the present study, we examined the developmental changes in the expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) isoforms in mouse bladder uroepithelium.

Methods: Multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using CAR isoform-specific primer sets and Western blotting were conducted on gestational day 19 and postnatal days 1, 7, and 55.

Risk factors for acute prostatitis after transrectal biopsy of the prostate.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence, clinical features, pathogenic bacteria, and risk factors associated with acute prostatitis after transrectal prostate biopsy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 923 transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsies of the prostate in 878 patients performed at our institution from June 2004 to May 2009. The indications for biopsy were generally serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation, abnormal findings on a digital rectal examination, or both.

Bioelectrical impedance may predict cell viability during ischemia and reperfusion in rat liver.

Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of hepatic failure after liver surgery, but no method could monitor or predict it real-time during surgery. We measured bioelectrical impedance (BEI) and cell viability to assess the usefulness of BEI during I/R in rat liver. A 70% partial liver ischemia model was used.

The effect of transarterial prostate embolization in hormone-induced benign prostatic hyperplasia in dogs: a pilot study.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of transarterial prostate embolization for reducing the volume in hormone-induced canine prostate hyperplasia.

Materials And Methods: Nine beagle dogs were included in this study. Prostate hyperplasia was induced by administering dihydrotestosterone and beta-estradiol.

Impact of caveolin-1 expression on the prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship of caveolin-1 expression with prognosis in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (TCCUUT). Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of TCC-UUT from 98 patients, who had undergone radical nephroureterectomy, were stained immunohistochemically using antibodies against caveolin-1. The expression pattern of caveolin- 1 was compared with the clinicopathological variables.