Association between Regular Use of Analgesics before Cancer Diagnosis and Occurrence of Mood Disorders.

We aimed to determine the relationship between the use of analgesics prescribed for pain management and the onset and progression of mood disorders using a large-scale cohort database. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for patient risk of developing mood disorders based on age, income, health-related variables, disease history, Charlson comorbidity index, and analgesics prescription behavior (Models 1-3). Additionally, we determined the risk of mood disorder occurrence by age group (Model 4) using a proportional hazards regression model.

The role of temperament and character in the anxiety-depression spectrum among Korean adults.

Background: Temperament and character are useful in risk assessment and therapy of individuals in the anxiety-depression spectrum but understudied in South Korea.

Objective: The study aimed to identify the temperament and character features associated with anxiety and/or depression in individuals with clinical disorders and in the general population.

Methods: A representative sample of 1384 Korean adults over 18 years old (58 % female) were assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI).

Molecular Self-Assembly and Adsorption Structure of 2,2'-Dipyrimidyl Disulfides on Au(111) Surfaces.

The effects of solution concentration and pH on the formation and surface structure of 2-pyrimidinethiolate (2PymS) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on Au(111) via the adsorption of 2,2'-dipyrimidyl disulfide (DPymDS) were examined using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). STM observations revealed that the formation and structural order of 2PymS SAMs were markedly influenced by the solution concentration and pH. 2PymS SAMs formed in a 0.

Distribution of Neurofilament in Peeled Internal Limiting Membrane.

Background And Objective: The aim was to study the distribution of neurofilament in peeled internal limiting membrane (ILM).

Patients And Methods: Prospective case study. Vitrectomy and ILM peeling were performed in patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole.

Response Prediction after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer Using CT Tumor Regression Grade: A Preliminary Study.

Purpose: To investigate whether CT-based tumor regression grade (ctTRG) can be used to predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in colon cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 53 patients were enrolled. Two radiologists independently assessed the ctTRG using the length, thickness, layer pattern, and luminal and extraluminal appearance of the tumor.

Association between WHO First-Step Analgesic Use and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women of Working Age.

We assessed the association between breast cancer and analgesic use in women of a specific working-age group. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database (KNHIS-NSC) data were analyzed. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for patients' cancer risk based on whether the women participated in economic activity (PEA or not PEA (NPEA) groups) and analgesic use.

Novel LC-MS/MS analysis of the GLP-1 analog semaglutide with its application to pharmacokinetics and brain distribution studies in rats.

Semaglutide, one of the most potent glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogs, has widely been used to treat type II diabetes mellitus and obesity. Recent studies have shown that semaglutide also works on the brain, suggesting its potential utility for various diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to develop a novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of semaglutide in both plasma and brain to characterize the pharmacokinetics and brain distribution in rats.

Clean mucosal area detection of gastroenterologists versus artificial intelligence in small bowel capsule endoscopy.

Studies comparing the detection of clean mucosal areas in capsule endoscopy (CE) using human judgment versus artificial intelligence (AI) are rare. This study statistically analyzed gastroenterologist judgments and AI results. Three hundred CE video clips (100 patients) were prepared.

Life stress, dietary attitudes, and frequency of snack intake for college students in Seoul and Gyeonggi area: the difference between male and female students.

Background/objectives: This study examines life stress, dietary attitudes, and snacking frequency for college students living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The purpose of this study is to assist college students feeling stressed by offering desirable dietary attitudes and choices of the appropriate snacks by providing educational materials that offer appropriate nutrition education and nutritional information.

Subjects/methods: A survey was conducted on a total of 600 college students aged 19-29-year-olds living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (234 male students and 366 female students).

CD70-Targeted Micelles Enhance HIF2α siRNA Delivery and Inhibit Oncogenic Functions in Patient-Derived Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Cells.

The majority of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) are characterized by mutations in the Von Hippel−Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene, which leads to the stabilization and accumulation of the HIF2α transcription factor that upregulates key oncogenic pathways that promote glucose metabolism, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and cell migration. Although FDA-approved HIF2α inhibitors for treating VHL disease-related ccRCC are available, these therapies are associated with significant toxicities such as anemia and hypoxia. To improve ccRCC-specific drug delivery, peptide amphiphile micelles (PAMs) were synthesized incorporating peptides targeted to the CD70 marker expressed by ccRCs and anti-HIF2α siRNA, and the ability of HIF2α-CD27 PAMs to modulate HIF2α and its downstream targets was evaluated in human ccRCC patient-derived cells.

Effects of early medication treatment and metformin use for cancer prevention in diabetes patients: a nationwide sample cohort study in Korea using extended landmark time analysis.

Objectives: This study investigated the effectiveness of early medication treatment and metformin use for cancer prevention in type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: Population-based cohort data were used from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort database (KNHIS-NSC) for 2002-2013. Patient-specific medication prescription status was defined by the landmark time (LMT; a fixed time after cohort entry), considering both pre- and post-LMT prescriptions to control methodological biases in observational research.

Qualitative differences in the mindsets associated with dual nature of normative commitment.

This study aims to o uncover how employees' normative commitment (sense of obligation) to their organization is experienced in terms of dual normative commitment (moral imperative or indebted obligation) and to describe the potential for different mindsets arising through the dynamic combination of the various components in the commitment profile. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 participants. The interviews were designed to identify the respondents' perceptions of obligation to their organisation, and their underlying motivational mindset associating with dual nature of normative commitment The interview findings for the affective-normative commitment dominant and the continuance commitment dominant participants were consistent with normative commitment experienced as either moral imperative or an indebted obligation, depending on the relative levels of affective and continuance commitment.

Prevalence and Progression of Stage 0 Macular Hole in Fellow Eyes of Patients with Idiopathic Full-thickness Macular Hole.

Purpose: To assess the prevalence and progression of a stage 0 macular hole in the fellow eye of patients with an idiopathic full-thickness macular hole.

Methods: The fellow eyes of 189 patients who underwent idiopathic full-thickness macular hole surgery were examined by biomicroscopy and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A subset of 21 fellow eyes with a stage 0 macular hole was observed.

Effects of a cognitive rehabilitation programme on cognitive function, self-management and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Aim: The study purpose was to investigate effects of a cognitive rehabilitation programme on cognitive function, self-management and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Cognitive impairment is frequently observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, and it interferes with many aspects of self-management, which is fundamental to disease management and quality of life.

Design: The design is quasi-experimental.

Snapping Knee Caused by a Superiorly Displaced Medial Meniscus: Knee Dynamic Ultrasonographic Findings.

The causes of snapping knee include meniscal instability, but dynamic ultrasonographic findings have rarely been reported. Here, we report a case of snapping knee due to direct trauma to the right knee of a 79-year-old woman. Dynamic ultrasonography is used to confirm the snapping phenomenon caused by the anterosuperior displacement of the truncated posterior horn and body of the right medial meniscus.

One-year outcomes of fixed-dosing Aflibercept therapy for pre treated and naive polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy patient.

Background: Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a type of age-related macular degeneration that can cause permanent vision loss. The purpose of this paper was to report the one-year outcomes of fixed-dosing aflibercept therapy for the treatment of PCV.

Methods: This was a prospective, single-arm, interventional case series study of 25 PCV patients; 12 pre-treated and 13 treatment-naïve patients.

Prescribing patterns in breast cancer survivors: A Korean National Health Insurance Service cohort study.

Purpose: Breast cancer survivors often manifest comorbidities that require medication management. This study aimed to investigate the prescription patterns of drugs prescribed frequently among breast cancer survivors and to provide data to monitor adverse effects using other covariates in these patients.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed a Korean national sample cohort database.

Opposite Effects of Work-Related Physical Activity and Leisure-Time Physical Activity on the Risk of Diabetes in Korean Adults.

The object of this study was to examine the effects of domestic and work-related physical activity (DWPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on the risk of diabetes, by categorizing fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels into normal, Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG), and diabetes. The sample consisted of 4661 adults aged 30 years or above, and was chosen from the 2017 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Of all the subjects, 14.

Effects of Life Skill Training on the School Violence Attitudes and Behavior Among Elementary School Children.

This study evaluated a life skill training program on school violence given to elementary school children. A quasi-experimental study was conducted, and a 12-week intervention was implemented targeting 70 students aged between 10 and 11 years. The instruments included peer competency, attitudes toward school violence, experience of school violence, and the Self-Control Rating Scale.

Real-time observations of TRIP-induced ultrahigh strain hardening in a dual-phase CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.

Strategies involving metastable phases have been the basis of the design of numerous alloys, yet research on metastable high-entropy alloys is still in its infancy. In dual-phase high-entropy alloys, the combination of local chemical environments and loading-induced crystal structure changes suggests a relationship between deformation mechanisms and chemical atomic distribution, which we examine in here in a Cantor-like CrMnFeCoNi alloy, comprising both face-centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal closed packed (hcp) phases. We observe that partial dislocation activities result in stable three-dimensional stacking-fault networks.

A strategy of designing high-entropy alloys with high-temperature shape memory effect.

Shape memory effect, the ability to recover a pre-deformed shape on heating, results from a reversible martensitic transformation between austenite and martensite phases. Here, we demonstrate a strategy of designing high-entropy alloys (HEAs) with high-temperature shape memory effect in the CrMnFeCoNi alloy system. First, we calculate the difference in Gibbs free energy between face-centered-cubic (FCC) and hexagonal-close-packed (HCP) phases, and find a substantial increase in thermodynamic equilibrium temperature between the FCC and HCP phases through composition tuning, leading to thermally- and stress-induced martensitic transformations.

Organizational Commitment Profiles and Turnover Intention: Using a Person-Centered Approach in the Korean Context.

Extensive research on organizational commitment (OC) profiles has been conducted as researchers recognized that individuals can concurrently experience various levels of OC. Although there is a growing body of research on commitment profiles (CPs) within the past decade, existing empirical research has focused on Western cultural contexts and paid little attention to CPs arising in Asian cultural contexts. The present study utilized a person-centered analytic method (latent profile analysis) to examine the types of CPs among a sample of employees from South Korea ( = 510).

Engineering atomic-level complexity in high-entropy and complex concentrated alloys.

Quantitative and well-targeted design of modern alloys is extremely challenging due to their immense compositional space. When considering only 50 elements for compositional blending the number of possible alloys is practically infinite, as is the associated unexplored property realm. In this paper, we present a simple property-targeted quantitative design approach for atomic-level complexity in complex concentrated and high-entropy alloys, based on quantum-mechanically derived atomic-level pressure approximation.

Novel Findings of Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy via Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To introduce novel findings of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This study is a retrospective chart review of 16 patients (16 eyes) with PCV. OCTA (Avanti RTVue XR) findings were evaluated and selected for analysis after agreement by two retina specialists .

Effects of Adjuvant Mental Practice on Affected Upper Limb Function Following a Stroke: Results of Three-Dimensional Motion Analysis, Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity and Motor Activity Logs.

Objective: To investigate the effects of adjuvant mental practice (MP) on affected upper limb function following a stroke using three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis.

Methods: In this AB/BA crossover study, we studied 10 hemiplegic patients who had a stroke within the past 6 months. The patients were randomly allocated to two groups: one group received MP combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy for the first 3 weeks followed by conventional rehabilitation therapy alone for the final 3 weeks; the other group received the same therapy but in reverse order.