Platelet integrin αIIbβ3 plays a key role in venous thrombogenesis in a mouse model.

Venous thrombosis (VT) is a common vascular disease associated with reduced survival and a high recurrence rate. Previous studies have shown that the accumulation of platelets and neutrophils at sites of endothelial cell activation is a primary event in VT, but a role for platelet αIIbβ3 in the initiation of venous thrombosis has not been established. This task has been complicated by the increased bleeding linked to partial agonism of current αIIbβ3 inhibitory drugs such as tirofiban (Aggrastat ).

Electrofluorochromic Hydrogels by Oligothiophene-Based Color-Tunable Fluorescent Dye Doping.

Soft electronic materials hold great promise for advancing flexible functional devices. Among the various soft materials available, hydrogels are particularly attractive for soft electronic device development due to their inherent properties, including transparency, shape adaptability through swelling/deswelling, and self-healing capabilities. Transparent hydrogels contribute to the creation of advanced smart devices such as sensors, smart windows, and anticounterfeiting technologies.

Electrochemical Synthesis of Hollow Nanoparticles via Anodic Transformation of Metastable Core-Shell Precursors.

Recent advances in electrosynthesis of nanomaterials expanded structural and compositional variations accessible by the electrochemical method; however, reliably synthesizable morphological variety fall shy of that available by conventional solvothermal synthesis. In this communication, electrochemical preparation of surfactant-free hollow nanoparticles is demonstrated. By anodic conversion of core-shell precursors with metastable cores, hollowed nickel nanoparticles with uniform dimensions were synthesized and characterized.

Driving Triplet State Population in Benzothioxanthene Imide Dyes: Let's twist!

Controlling the formation of photoexcited triplet states is critical for many (photo)chemical and physical applications. Here, we demonstrate that a permanent out-of-plane distortion of the benzothioxanthene imide (BTI) dye promotes intersystem crossing by increasing spin-orbit coupling. This manipulation was achieved through a subtle chemical modification, specifically the bay-area methylation.

Local Heating Induced Single-Crystalline Phase Control in Electrochemical Synthesis of Nanomaterials.

Development of synthetic strategies selectively yielding single crystals is desired owing to the facet-dependent chemical reactivities. Recent advances in electrochemical materials synthesis yielded nanomaterials that are surfactant-free, however, typically in polycrystalline forms. In this work, an electrochemical synthetic strategy selectively yielding single-crystalline nanoparticles by implementation of surface-selective heating of the working electrode is developed.

The effects of multicultural family support services on the longitudinal changes of acculturative stress, peer relations, and school adjustment.

This study investigated the long-term trends of acculturative stress, peer relationship, and school adjustment among adolescents from multicultural families in South Korea, and examined the concurrent and lagged effects of multicultural family support services (MFSS) on the longitudinal changes in the variables of interest. Concurrent and lagged models as well as developmental trajectories via latent growth modeling (LGM) were employed on a sample of 1,443 middle school students (706 boys, 737 girls) from the Multicultural Youth Panel Survey (MAPS). The results revealed that peer relationships and school adjustment perceived by adolescents demonstrated consistent, gradual declines across 3-year time points while there was a lack of significant change in acculturative stress during the same period.

Prolonged hydrogen production by engineered green algae photovoltaic power stations.

Interest in securing energy production channels from renewable sources is higher than ever due to the daily observation of the impacts of climate change. A key renewable energy harvesting strategy achieving carbon neutral cycles is artificial photosynthesis. Solar-to-fuel routes thus far relied on elaborately crafted semiconductors, undermining the cost-efficiency of the system.

A new G-quadruplex-specific photosensitizer inducing genome instability in cancer cells by triggering oxidative DNA damage and impeding replication fork progression.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) ideally relies on the administration, selective accumulation and photoactivation of a photosensitizer (PS) into diseased tissues. In this context, we report a new heavy-atom-free fluorescent G-quadruplex (G4) DNA-binding PS, named DBI. We reveal by fluorescence microscopy that DBI preferentially localizes in intraluminal vesicles (ILVs), precursors of exosomes, which are key components of cancer cell proliferation.

Real-Time Monitoring and 3D Mapping of Trace Vapors of Explosive Nitroaromatic Compounds at Room Temperature by Gas-Phase Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.

Development of sensing technologies for trace vapors of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) is highly desired due to the toxic and explosive nature of the target molecules. Here, a NAC sensor based on a membraneless ionic liquid electrochemical cell was developed and applied for room-temperature trace vapor detection. Submicrometer working electrode dimensions yielded maximized portability and cost efficiency and extremely short time scales for molecular identification.

RUNX1-deficient human megakaryocytes demonstrate thrombopoietic and platelet half-life and functional defects.

Heterozygous defects in runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) are causative of a familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancy (FPDMM). Because RUNX1-deficient animal models do not mimic bleeding disorder or leukemic risk associated with FPDMM, development of a proper model system is critical to understanding the underlying mechanisms of the observed phenotype and to identifying therapeutic interventions. We previously reported an in vitro megakaryopoiesis system comprising human CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells that recapitulated the FPDMM quantitative megakaryocyte defect through a decrease in RUNX1 expression via a lentiviral short hairpin RNA strategy.

Quadruple nanoelectrode assembly for simultaneous analysis of multiple redox species and its application to multi-channel scanning electrochemical microscopy.

Development of ultramicroelectrodes and nanoelectrodes opened interesting possibilities in the investigation electron transfer phenomena, including their application as probe electrodes in scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM). Analytical prowess of SECM was often shadowed by long operation times required for analysis of a wide sample area. In this report, we developed a multi-channel nanoelectrode bundle for simultaneous electroanalysis of multiple orthogonal redox reactions in one bath.

Long-Term Exposure of MoS to Oxygen and Water Promoted Armchair-to-Zigzag-Directional Line Unzippings.

Understanding the long-term stability of MoS is important for various optoelectronic applications. Herein, we show that the long-term exposure to an oxygen atmosphere for up to a few months results in zigzag (zz)-directional line unzipping of the MoS basal plane. In contrast to exposure to dry or humid N atmospheres, dry O treatment promotes the initial formation of line defects, mainly along the armchair (ac) direction, and humid O treatment further promotes ac line unzipping near edges.

Membraneless Ionic Liquid Droplet Nanoprobe for Oxygen Sensing and Gas Phase Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy.

A novel membraneless oxygen sensing nanoprobe was developed based on a hanging drop ionic liquid electrochemical cell. An ultrasmall (<500 nm) working electrode and small volume electrochemical cell allowed for an impressively low detection limit of ∼13 ppm and a response time less than 100 ms, which is unusually fast for an electrochemical gas sensor. The oxygen sensor was stable for hours of operation and, owing to the membraneless design, was easily regenerable when fouled.

The discrete single-entity electrochemistry of Pickering emulsions.

Single-entity analysis is an important research topic in electrochemistry. To date, electrode collisions and subsequent electrode-particle interactions have been studied for many types of nano-objects, including metals, polymers, and micelles. Here we extend this nano-object electrochemistry analysis to Pickering emulsions for the first time.

Electrochemical synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles by seed-mediated selective deposition.

Conventional solvothermal synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles results in them being covered with surfactant molecules for size control and stabilization, undermining their practicality as electrocatalysts. Here, we report an electrochemical method for the synthesis of core-shell nanoparticles directly on electrodes, free of surfactants. By implementation of selective electrodeposition on gold cores, 1-row transition metal shells were constructed with facile and precise thickness control.

Enhanced interfacial electron transfer between thylakoids and RuO nanosheets for photosynthetic energy harvesting.

The harvesting of photosynthetic electrons (PEs) directly from photosynthetic complexes has been demonstrated over the past decade. However, their limited efficiency and stability have hampered further practical development. For example, despite its importance, the interfacial electron transfer between the photosynthetic apparatus and the electrode has received little attention.

[Evaluation of Post-Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Pathologic Complete Response and Residual Tumor Size of Breast Cancer: Analysis on Accuracy of MRI and Affecting Factors].

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of MRI in predicting the pathological complete response (pCR) and the residual tumor size of breast cancer after neoadjucant chemotherapy (NAC), and to determine the factors affecting the accuarcy.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-eight breast cancer patients who underwent surgery after NAC at our center between 2010 and 2017 were included in this study. pCR was defined as the absence of invasive cancer on pathological evaluation.

Effect of in vitro testicular spermatozoa culture on pregnancy outcomes: an experience at a single university hospital.

Background: There are no guidelines for the optimal incubation time or temperature to improve pregnancy outcomes in testicular sperm extraction-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (TESE-ICSI) cycles. We aimed to evaluate whether a 24-hour in vitro culture of testicular spermatozoa affects pregnancy outcomes in TESE-ICSI cycles.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 83 TESE-ICSI cycles using testicular spermatozoa in 46 couples with male partners suffering from nonobstructive or obstructive azoospermia.

Highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction via facile bubble transport realized by three-dimensionally stack-printed catalysts.

Despite highly promising characteristics of three-dimensionally (3D) nanostructured catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs), universal design rules for maximizing their performance have not been explored. Here we show that woodpile (WP)-structured Ir, consisting of 3D-printed, highly-ordered Ir nanowire building blocks, improve OER mass activity markedly. The WP structure secures the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) through enhanced utilization efficiency of the extended surface area of 3D WP catalysts.

Electropolymerization in a confined nanospace: synthesis of PEDOT nanoparticles in emulsion droplet reactors.

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is an important material widely used in electronics for its hole conducting property. A novel strategy for the synthesis of nanoparticulate PEDOT was developed by emulsion droplet electrochemistry. Taking advantage of the space confinement in emulsions, PEDOT nanoparticles were size controllable without use of a separate template.

Structure-guided design of pure orthosteric inhibitors of αIIbβ3 that prevent thrombosis but preserve hemostasis.

A prevailing dogma is that inhibition of vascular thrombosis by antagonizing platelet integrin αIIbβ3 cannot be achieved without compromising hemostasis, thus causing serious bleeding and increased morbidity and mortality. It is speculated that these adverse outcomes result from drug-induced activating conformational changes in αIIbβ3 but direct proof is lacking. Here, we report the structure-guided design of peptide Hr10 and a modified form of the partial agonist drug tirofiban that act as "pure" antagonists of αIIbβ3, i.

Stoichiometry-Controlled Synthesis of Nanoparticulate Mixed-Metal Oxyhydroxide Oxygen Evolving Catalysts by Electrochemistry in Aqueous Nanodroplets.

Mixed-metal oxyhydroxides-especially those of Ni and Fe-are one of the most active classes of materials known for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, nanoparticulate mixed metal oxyhydroxides (of Ni, Fe, and Co) were prepared on an electrode surface by electrochemical reaction of a precursor solution encapsulated in aqueous nanodroplets (AnDs), with each of the droplets containing 10 s of attoliters of fluid. Electrode reactions and synthesis can be monitored in situ by electrochemistry as single AnD stochastically lands and interacts with the working electrode.

Stoichiometric and electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide driven by a water-soluble copper(ii) complex.

Herein, a water-soluble molecular copper complex was investigated as a catalyst for O reduction in both water and an organic solvent. Although the quasi-stoichiometric oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for the formation of HO was conducted in an organic solvent and revealed mechanistic insights into the ORR, the electrocatalytic production of HO was achieved in an aqueous medium.