Social antecedents of children's mindsets, motivation and achievement in math: Investigating parental beliefs and perceived teacher beliefs.

Background: As children mature, they tend to develop a fixed mindset in math, which has been identified as a contributor to declining confidence and widespread anxiety in math. Both parents and teachers can function as critical socializers in shaping children's fixed mindsets.

Aims: Given that children's beliefs are formed through interactions with socializers, we tested our hypothesis that the mindsets and expectations of parents and those of teachers perceived by students would predict the children's mindsets, motivation and achievement in math.

Differences in functional recovery after unilateral versus bilateral total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Understanding functional changes between unilateral and simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients remains limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in recovery times between unilateral and bilateral TKA.

Methods: We retrospectively recruited patients who met the eligibility criteria.

Unraveling the three-dimensional genome structure using machine learning.

The study of chromatin interactions has advanced considerably with technologies such as high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing, providing a genome-wide view of physical interactions within the nucleus. These techniques have revealed the existence of hierarchical chromatin structures such as compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs), and chromatin loops, which are crucial in genome organization and regulation. However, identifying and analyzing these structural features require advanced computational methods.

Anti-Leukotriene Receptor Blockers Improve Tendon-Bone Interface Healing in a Rat Model of Acute Rotator Cuff Tear.

Background: Excessive expression of proinflammatory cytokines after rotator cuff (RC) surgery impairs the quality of tendon-bone interface (TBI) healing. There is evidence that the asthma drug montelukast (MS) inhibits the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. This study was conducted to verify the effect of MS administration on TBI healing after RC repair.

Adherence to customized vestibular rehabilitation therapy: influencing factors and clinical implications in vestibulopathy.

Objective: Customized vestibular rehabilitation therapy (CVRT) is an effective treatment approach for various vestibular disorders. However, low adherence significantly limits its efficacy, and factors influencing adherence remain underexplored. This study aimed to identify factors affecting adherence to CVRT across major vestibulopathy categories, including acute unilateral vestibular hypofunction (AUVH), chronic unilateral vestibular hypofunction (CUVH), and bilateral vestibular hypofunction (BVH).

Differential cellular origins of the extracellular matrix of tumor and normal tissues according to colorectal cancer subtypes.

Background: Understanding the proteomic-level heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is crucial due to its well-known heterogeneity. While heterogenous CRC has been extensively characterized at the molecular subtype level, research into the functional heterogeneity of fibroblasts, particularly their relationship with extracellular matrix (ECM) alterations, remains limited. Addressing this gap is essential for a comprehensive understanding of CRC progression and the development of targeted therapies.

Enhancing the texture of fat-free yogurt with leaf-stem extract and casein: Focusing on their softening effect.

Fat-free yogurt often undergoes syneresis because it lacks fat. Although casein prevents syneresis, it induces protein aggregation and lumpy texture. Surfactants are commonly employed to mitigate these quality challenges.

Efavirenz Repurposing Challenges: A Novel Nanomicelle-Based Antiviral Therapy Against Mosquito-Borne Flaviviruses.

World Health Organization latest statistics state that 17% of infectious diseases are transmitted by vectors, causing more than 700,000 deaths each year. Particularly, dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV) and yellow fever (YFV) viral infections have generated international awareness due to their epidemic proportion and risks of international spread. In this framework, the repositioning strategy of Efavirenz (EFV) represents a key clinical feature to improve different antiviral therapies.

Light-Intensity-Dependent Control of Collagen Hydrogel Properties via Riboflavin Phosphate-Mediated Photocrosslinking.

While photocrosslinked collagen hydrogels show promise in tissue engineering, conventional approaches for property control often require complex chemical modifications or concentration changes that alter their biochemical composition. Here, we present the first systematic investigation of light-intensity-dependent control in riboflavin phosphate (RFP)-mediated photocrosslinking as a novel, single-parameter approach to modulate hydrogel properties while preserving native biochemical environments. We systematically investigated the effects of varying light intensities (100 K, 50 K, and 10 K lux) during hydrogel fabrication through comprehensive structural, mechanical, and biological characterization.

Impact of Small Area Level Deprivation on Colorectal Cancer Survival: Findings from the Regional Cancer Registry in Korea.

Background/objectives: Research on the relationship between small-area-level deprivation and cancer survival, particularly for colorectal cancer (CRC), is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the relationship among small area-level deprivation, individual-level factors, and CRC survival using data from the Busan Regional Cancer Registry.

Methods: We analyzed 34,999 patients with CRC from the Busan Regional Cancer Registry from 2003 to 2020.

Diagnosing Complete Response to Preoperative Chemoradiation in Esophageal Cancer Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Response Criteria.

Objective: To assess the performance of novel qualitative diagnostic criteria using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify the pathologic complete response (pCR) of primary tumors in esophageal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT).

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent nCRT, subsequent MRI, positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), endoscopy, or esophagectomy for esophageal cancer between October 2021 and October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The DCE-MRI response of primary tumors was interpreted using five grades by thoracic radiologists as follows: G1 (compatible with CR), G2 (probable CR), G3 (probable partial response [PR]), G4 (compatible with PR), and G5 (stable or progressive disease).

Validating the Korean Geriatric Assessment Tool in Elderly Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Multicenter Study.

Purpose: This study evaluates the Korean Cancer Study Group Geriatric Score-7 (KG-7) frailty screening tool's effectiveness in elderly multiple myeloma (MM) patients to prevent under and over-treatment.

Materials And Methods: This prospective pilot cohort study included 100 elderly patients aged 70 and older with newly diagnosed MM who had not undergone transplantation from August 2020 to January 2022.

Results: The median age was 77 years, and 73% of patients were classified at International Staging System (ISS) stages 2 or 3.

Patient-specific predictors of successful frozen embryo transfer using the freeze-all protocol: a retrospective observational study.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine various patient factors affecting first programmed embryo transfer (ET) outcomes under the freeze-all policy at a single tertiary university infertility center.

Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed the medical records of 243 couples who underwent their first ET using blastocysts collected under the freeze-all antagonist-controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocol from 2015 to 2023. Patients were grouped into pregnant and nonpregnant groups, and their data, including demographics, COS and ET outcomes, and embryo storage duration, were analyzed.

Nurse-involved early mobilization in the intensive care unit: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early mobilization is one proposed strategy for reducing complications and optimizing patient outcomes. Nurses play an essential role in patient monitoring and co-ordination.

Aims: To assess the effects of a nurse-involved early mobilization programme on muscle strength and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay and identify the components of an early mobilization programme.

Newly designed flared-end covered versus uncovered self-expandable metallic stents for palliation of malignant colorectal obstruction: a randomized, prospective study.

Background/aims: Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) are widely used as palliative or bridge to surgery treatments in patients with malignant colorectal obstruction (MCO). Stent occlusion is more common with uncovered stents, but stent migration is more common with covered stents. Our purpose was to compare the efficacy and safety of a newly designed covered SEMS with an uncovered proximal flared end (CSEMS-UPF) with that of the conventional uncovered SEMS (UCSEMS) in the treatment of MCO.

Connective tissue disease is associated with the risk of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following lung transplantation in Korea.

Background: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a rare complication of lung transplantation with poorly understood risk factors and clinical characteristics. This study aimed to examine the occurrence, risk factors, and clinical data of patients who developed PRES following lung transplantation.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 147 patients who underwent lung transplantation between February 2013 and December 2023.

Deep Learning-based Brain Age Prediction Using MRI to Identify Fetuses with Cerebral Ventriculomegaly.

Fetal ventriculomegaly (VM) and its severity and associated central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities are important indicators of high risk for impaired neurodevelopmental outcomes. Recently, a novel fetal brain age prediction method using a two-dimensional (2D) single-channel convolutional neural network (CNN) with multiplanar MRI sections showed the potential to detect fetuses with VM. This study examines the diagnostic performance of a deep learning-based fetal brain age prediction model to distinguish fetuses with VM ( = 317) from typically developing fetuses ( = 183), the severity of VM, and the presence of associated CNS abnormalities.

Dual responsive phase behavior of nonionic cellulose-based polymer brushes by visible-light-driven organocatalyzed atom transfer radical polymerization.

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a nonionic, thermo-responsive polymer with temperature-dependent phase behavior. This behavior can be modified by grafting molecular units and polymer brushes onto the cellulose backbone. However, the thermo-response of such modified celluloses under biological and environmental conditions, such as pH, has been scarcely reported.

Evaluating the Real-World Effectiveness of Systemic Treatments in Atopic Dermatitis Using the Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT): A Multi-Centre, Prospective Study.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease affecting quality of life, sleep, and mental health. Traditional evaluation methods focus on clinical assessments, but there is a growing need for tools that incorporate patient-reported outcomes (PROs). To evaluate the effectiveness of the Atopic Dermatitis Control Tool (ADCT) in assessing disease severity in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis and to compare the efficacy of systemic immunosuppressants and dupilumab in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis.

Galangin Regulates Mucin 5AC Gene Expression via the Nuclear Factor-κB Inhibitor α/Nuclear Factor-κB p65 Pathway in Human Airway Epithelial Cells.

In this study, we investigated the effects of the flavonoid galangin on the expression of the mucin 5AC () gene in airway cells. Human pulmonary epithelial NCI-H292 cells were pretreated with galangin for 30 min and then stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) for 24 h. We also examined the effects of galangin on the PMA-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

Association between nasal cross-sectional areas and obstructive sleep apnea identified using acoustic rhinometry and computed tomography.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent disorder associated with severe comorbidities. Anatomical variations, including nasal diseases, have been identified as potential contributing factors. This study aimed to explore the relationship between nasal cross-sectional areas (CSAs) and OSA, using both acoustic rhinometry (AR) and computed tomography (CT).

Allergic-Specific Immunotherapy Using Injectable Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Ameliorates Allergic Response in Murine Allergic Rhinitis Model.

Purpose: We present a convenient and safe allergen-specific immunotherapy using injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel containing house dust mite (HDM) crosslinked via visible-light-induced thiol-ene reaction.

Methods: We developed 2 types of HDM-containing HA hydrogels, namely thiolated HA (SH-HA) + methacrylated HA (MA-HA) (Gel-1) and 4-arm poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-SH + MA-HA (Gel-2). The immunotherapeutic effect of the hydrogels was tested using a murine model of allergic rhinitis.

Extended protective effects of three dimensional cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells in a neuroinflammation model.

Background: Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess regenerative potential due to pluripotency and paracrine functions. However, their stemness and immunomodulatory capabilities are sub-optimal in conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture.

Aim: To enhance the efficiency and therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, an -like 3D culture condition was applied.

Sandwiched Strut Allografts with Stem Retention to Treat Fragile Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures: A Case Report.

Managing periprosthetic femoral fractures is challenging, particularly in osteoporotic patients with fragile bones. Revision with a long stem is commonly considered but may fail to provide adequate fixation and stability in fragile bones. A novel approach using sandwiched strut allografts and controlled bone crushing with robust cable fixation can offer mechanical support and provide secondary stability to the loosened femoral stem and can be considered a treatment option for low-demand patients.