Effectiveness and safety of human placenta hydrolysate injection into subacromial space in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: a single-blind, randomized trial.

Background: Human placental hydrolysate (hPH) contains anti-inflammatory substances. This study aimed to analyze whether injecting hPH into the subacromial space could reduce pain in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome.

Methods: This single-blind, randomized controlled study enrolled 50 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome who were randomly assigned to either the hPH or placebo groups.

The association between ventricle ratio in preterm infants and motor developmental delay.

Introduction Early prediction and timely intervention are particularly essential for high-risk preterm infants. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (BMRI) is frequently used alongside functional evaluations to improve predictions of developmental outcomes. This study aimed to assess voxel-based brain volumetry in extremely preterm infants using BMRI at term equivalent age (TEA) and investigate its association with developmental outcomes.

Reduction in limb-movement complexity at term-equivalent age is associated with motor developmental delay in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants.

Reduced complexity during the writhing period can be crucial in the spontaneous movements of high-risk infants for neurologic impairment. This study aimed to verify the association between quantified complexity of upper and lower-limb movements at term-equivalent age and motor development in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants. Video images of spontaneous movements at term-equivalent age were collected from very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants.

Incidence and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism after spinal cord disease at a rehabilitation unit: a retrospective study.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) are major complications of spinal cord disease. However, studies of their incidence in Korean patients are limited. Thus, this study investigated the incidence and risk factors of DVT and PTE in Korean patients with spinal cord disease.

Injury to the Left Sciatic and Right Common Peroneal Nerves Combined With Multifocal Rhabdomyolysis in a Survivor of the Itaewon Crowd Crush: A Case Report.

We report the case of a 27-year-old survivor of the Halloween crowd crush in Itaewon, Seoul, Korea who was diagnosed with left sciatic neuropathy and right common peroneal neuropathy accompanied by multifocal rhabdomyolysis. The patient presented to the emergency room complaining of pain from her lower back to her whole lower extremities with paraparesis and paresthesia. Her blood test showed the marked elevation of creatine kinase and liver enzymes.

Spontaneous movements as prognostic tool of neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a narrative review.

An estimated 15 million infants are born prematurely each year. Although the survival rate of preterm infants has increased with advances in perinatal and neonatal care, many still experience various complications. Since improving the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm births is a crucial topic, accurate evaluations should be performed to detect infants at high risk of cerebral palsy.

Effects of gait training on structural brain changes in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Gait training may lead to functional brain changes in Parkinson's disease (PD); however, there is a lack of studies investigating structural brain changes after gait training in PD.

Objective: To investigate structural brain changes induced by 4 weeks of gait training in individuals with PD.

Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging and structural T1 images were acquired in PD group before and after robot-assisted gait training or treadmill training, and in healthy control group.

Electrodiagnostic findings of retethering in children with spinal dysraphism.

Purpose: Retethering of the cord can occur after the initial untethering surgery. Typical neurological manifestations indicative of cord tethering are often difficult to determine in pediatric patients. Patients who had a primary untethering operation are likely to present with some degree of neurological deficits from a previous tethering event, and urodynamic studies (UDSs) and spine images are frequently abnormal.

Deep learning-based quantitative analyses of spontaneous movements and their association with early neurological development in preterm infants.

This study aimed to develop quantitative assessments of spontaneous movements in high-risk preterm infants based on a deep learning algorithm. Video images of spontaneous movements were recorded in very preterm infants at the term-equivalent age. The Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE) was performed in infants at 4 months of corrected age.

Body Fat Distribution and Associated Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Adults With Cerebral Palsy.

Fat distribution has increasingly been acknowledged as a more significant health parameter than general obesity, in terms of the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate the regional fat distribution pattern and general body fat characteristics of adults with cerebral palsy (CP), and we explored the risk of CVD in this population. People aged ≥20 years who were diagnosed with CP were recruited between February 2014 and November 2014.

Robot-assisted gait training with auditory and visual cues in Parkinson's disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) may have beneficial effects on Parkinson's disease (PD); however, the evidence to date is inconsistent.

Objectives: This study compared the effects of RAGT and treadmill training (TT) on gait speed, dual-task gait performance, and changes in resting-state brain functional connectivity in individuals with PD.

Methods: In this prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial with a parallel two-group design, 44 participants were randomly allocated to undergo 12 sessions (3 times per week for 4 weeks) of RAGT or TT.

Growth profile assessment of young adults with tethered cord syndrome: a retrospective cohort analysis of Korean conscription data.

Purpose: Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is characterized by progressive spinal cord degeneration secondary to congenital spinal dysraphism. The associated accompanying physical inactivity and musculoskeletal deformities have raised interest in the growth profile of adult TCS patients. However, few previous studies have investigated the growth profile of adult TCS patients.

Delayed Development of Head Control and Rolling in Infants With Tracheostomies.

Advances in neonatal care lead to an increased survival rate of critically ill babies. Infantile tracheostomies are not uncommon. However, only a few studies have addressed the effect of infant tracheostomy on early motor function.

Application of Fabric-Type Spinal Orthosis for Flexible Neuromuscular Scoliosis: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: This study used a 3-point pressure spinal orthosis made of fabric material in neuromuscular scoliosis patients with flexible spinal curve to evaluate the in-brace correction of the spinal curve and to estimate changes in pulmonary function associated with brace wearing.

Design: Twenty-eight children with neuromuscular scoliosis with spinal curve flexibility of more than 50% were enrolled. A custom-made 3-point pressure spinal orthosis was fitted for each patient.

Correction to: Effects of robot-assisted gait training in patients with Parkinson's disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Scoliosis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy children is fully reducible in the initial stage, and becomes structural over time.

Background: Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) often develop scoliosis that progresses rapidly after loss of ambulation. Management of scoliosis is crucial because it affects both life expectancy and quality of life of patients with DMD. Spinal orthosis attempts to prevent or delay scoliosis using spinal support at three points of the controlling mechanism; the curve should be flattened by the pressure.

Effects of robot-assisted gait training in patients with Parkinson's disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) was developed to restore gait function by promoting neuroplasticity through repetitive locomotor training and has been utilized in gait training. However, contradictory outcomes of RAGT have been reported for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, the mechanism of the RAGT treatment effect is still unknown.

Relation Between Respiratory Muscle Strength and Skeletal Muscle Mass and Hand Grip Strength in the Healthy Elderly.

Objective: To evaluate sarcopenic indices in relation to respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in elderly people.

Methods: This study included 65 volunteers over the age of 60 (30 men and 35 women). The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was measured using bioimpedance analysis.

Relationship Between Grip and Pinch Strength and Activities of Daily Living in Stroke Patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between grip and pinch strength and independence in activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients.

Methods: Medical records of 577 stroke patients from January 2010 to February 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients' grip and pinch strength of both hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic hands and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) score were collected.