Publications by authors named "Hyun Hwi Lee"

Increasing multidrug-resistant pathogenic microbial around the world become a global problem, making it imperative to develop effective methods for bacterial inactivation in wastewater. In this study, we propose a multifunctional photoelectrochemical (PEC) system to successfully disinfect microbial cells and degrade orange (II) dyes. CoO NP were synthesized by spin-coating onto hydrothermally synthesized TiO nanorod arrays followed by electrodeposited NiFe-LDH to develop the NiFe-LDH/CoO NP-TiO NRs.

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A novel green-absorbing organic molecule featuring dual intramolecular chalcogen bonds is synthesized and characterized. This molecule incorporates two such bonds: one between a tellurium atom and the oxygen atom of a carbonyl moiety, and the other between the tellurium atom and the adjacent nitrogen atom within a pyridine moiety. The molecule, featuring dual intramolecular chalcogen bonds exhibits a narrow absorption spectrum and elevated absorption coefficients, closely aligned with a resonance parameter of approximately 0.

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Lipid rafts, which are dynamic nanodomains in the plasma membrane, play a crucial role in intermembrane processes by clustering together and growing in size within the plane of the membrane while also aligning with each other across different membranes. However, the physical origin of layer by layer alignment of lipid rafts remains to be elucidated. Here, by using fluorescence imaging and synchrotron X-ray reflectivity in a phase-separated multilayer system, we find that the alignment of raft-mimicking L domains is regulated by the distance between bilayers.

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Solute structure and its evolution in supersaturated aqueous solutions are key clues to understand Ostwald's step rule. Here, we measure the structural evolution of solute molecules in highly supersaturated solutions of KHPO (KDP) and NHHPO (ADP) using a combination of electrostatic levitation and synchrotron X-ray scattering. The measurement reveals the existence of a solution-solution transition in KDP solution, caused by changing molecular symmetries and structural evolution of the solution with supersaturation.

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In this study, in situ silver (Ag) - porous ZnO photocatalysts were synthesized via solvothermal and post-annealing treatment. The formation of the porous ZnO structure due to the removal of organic moieties from the inorganic-organic hybrids Ag-ZnS(en) during the annealing process. The optimal Ag-ZnO photocatalyst showed excellent photocatalytic degradation activity, with 95.

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Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting by semiconductor photoanodes is limited by sluggish water oxidation kinetics coupled with serious charge recombinations. In this paper, an effective strategy of TiO nanorod/nanotube nanostructured interface reconstruction, oxygen vacancies and surface modification were employed for stability and efficient charge transport in the photoanodes. Successive anodization and hydrothermal routes were adopted for the TiO NR/NT photoanodes interface reconstruction, followed by Au nanoparticles/clusters (Au NP) loading and hydrogen treatment.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study explores two methods, hydrothermal and wet impregnation, for creating CoO(1 wt%)/Sn/Zr-codoped FeO nanorods that serve as effective photocatalysts for degrading organic pollutants and killing bacteria.
  • Hydrothermal techniques were used to form rod-like structures with varying amounts of Sn doped into Zr-FeO, while wet impregnation allowed for CoO to be added onto these structures.
  • The most effective photocatalyst, CoO(1 wt%)/4%Sn/Zr-FeO, showed high efficiencies in inactivating E. coli (90%) and S. aureus (98%), and in degrading harmful substances like BPA and orange II dye with rates
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The process of photoelectrochemical wastewater detoxification is limited by significant charge recombination, which is difficult to suppress with efficient single-material photoanodes. We demonstrated the effectiveness of hydrogen treatment in evaluating charge separation properties in WO/TiO NT/Ti foil heterojunction photoanodes. The influence of varying hydrogen annealing (200-400 °C) on the structural and photoelectrochemical properties of WO/TiO NS/NT heterojunction is studied systematically.

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Herein, we synthesized in-situ Zr-doped FeO NRs photocatalyst by successive simple hydrothermal and air quenching methods. The synergistic roles of CoO (1 wt%) and Zr-doping on bacteria inactivation and model organic pollutants over FeO NRs photocatalyst were studied in detail. Initially, rod-like Zr ((0-8) %)-doped FeO NRs were produced via a hydrothermal method.

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Orbital anisotropy at interfaces in magnetic heterostructures has been key to pioneering spin-orbit-related phenomena. However, modulating the interface's electronic structure to make it abnormally asymmetric has been challenging because of lack of appropriate methods. Here, the authors report that low-energy proton irradiation achieves a strong level of inversion asymmetry and unusual strain at interfaces in [Co/Pd] superlattices through nondestructive, selective removal of oxygen from Co O /Pd superlattices during irradiation.

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Following the first experimental realization of intrinsic ferromagnetism in 2D van der Waals (vdW) crystals, several ternary metal chalcogenides with unprecedented long-range ferromagnetic order have been explored. However, the synthesis of large-area 2D ternary metal chalcogenide thin films is a great challenge, and a generalized synthesis has not been demonstrated yet. Here, a quick and scalable synthesis of epitaxially aligned ferromagnetic ternary metal chalcogenide thin films (Cr Ge Te , Cr Si Te , Mn Si Te ) is reported.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study reveals that these enhanced properties come from unique microstructure and crystallographic orientations in ultrathin HZO films, specifically with a preferred orientation of (112) that increases net polarization by 62% compared to thicker, randomly oriented samples.
  • * Researchers used advanced analysis techniques to study these films and found that hydroxyl adsorption during deposition lowers surface energy, helping to stabilize the beneficial (112)-oriented grains, offering new strategies for designing future compact electronic devices.
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Pressure-induced polymerization of aromatics is an effective method to construct extended carbon materials, including the diamond-like nanothread and graphitic structures, but the reaction pressure of phenyl is typically around 20 GPa and too high to be applied for large-scale preparation. Here by introducing ethynyl to phenyl, we obtained a sp-sp carbon nanoribbon structure by compressing 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene (TEB), and the reaction pressure of phenyl was successfully decreased to 4 GPa, which is the lowest reaction pressure of aromatics at room temperature. Using experimental and theoretical methods, we figured out that the ethynylphenyl of TEB undergoes [4 + 2] dehydro-Diels-Alder (DDA) reaction with phenyl upon compression at an intermolecular C···C distance above 3.

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Although wafer-scale single-grain thin films of 2D metal chalcogenides (MCs) have been extensively sought after during the last decade, the grain size of the MC thin films is still limited in the sub-millimeter scale. A general strategy of synthesizing wafer-scale single-grain MC thin films by using commercial wafers (Si, Ge, GaAs) both as metal source and epitaxial collimator is presented. A new mechanism of single-grain thin-film formation, surface diffusion, and epitaxial self-planarization is proposed, where chalcogen elements migrate preferentially along substrate surface and the epitaxial crystal domains flow to form an atomically smooth thin film.

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This work reports the self-organization of dimple nanostructures on a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) surface where an Ar ion beam was irradiated at an ion energy of 600 eV. The peak-to-peak roughness and diameter of dimple nanostructures were 29.1~53.

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Herein, sputtering duration and annealing temperature effects on the structure and local electronic structure of MgO thin films were studied using synchrotron radiation based X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopic investigations. These films were grown at substrate temperature of 350 °C by varying sputtering duration from 25 min to 324 min in radio frequency (RF) sputtering method followed by post-deposition annealing at 400, 600 and 700 °C for 3 h. These films were amorphous upto certain sputtering durations, typically upto 144 min and attains crystallization thereafter.

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Complex cation distribution in spinel solid solution, fosters defect generation and permutates the optical properties. To scrutinize the effect on structural properties, viz. the cation distribution and defect states upon substitution of Zn with Mg; and to tune the emission properties, Zn1-xMgxAl2O4 (0.

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Direct grazing-angle X-ray scattering evidence of the order-disorder transition and interdigitation of side chains in a conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is presented. The free methyl ends of the side chains exhibit closest packing, as in -alkane crystallization, and cause a structural mismatch due to the difference between their packing density and the areal density of the attached ends. This mismatch is resolved by increases in the tilt angle of the side chains and local interdigitation.

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The 1,8-naphthalimide (NI) derivative Lumogen F Violet 570 exhibits different photoluminescence (PL) and aggregation-caused quenching properties due to its crystal polymorphism, which depends on the solvent evaporation process in tetrahydrofuran solution. In the slow drying process, molecules aggregated into an energetically more stable form (time-dependent density functional theory calculation), of which the PL peak maximum was 453 nm, corresponding to blue emission at the 365 nm excitation. However, the fast evaporation process induces an energetically less stable form, with a PL peak maximum of 508 nm, corresponding to green emission.

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Ga-doped ZnO (GZO)-graded layer, facilitating electron extraction from electron transport layer, was integrated on the surface of transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) cathode by using graded sputtering technique to improve the performance of planar n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The thickness of graded GZO layer was controlled to optimize GZO-indium tin oxide (ITO) combined electrode for planar n-i-p PSCs. At optimized graded thickness of 15 nm, the GZO-ITO combined electrode showed an optical transmittance of 95%, a resistivity of 2.

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Article Synopsis
  • Pressure-induced polymerization (PIP) of aromatics offers a new way to create sp -carbon frameworks and diamond-like nanothreads by compressing benzene and related compounds.
  • The research involved compressing a cocrystal of benzene and hexafluorobenzene, revealing the formation of H-F-substituted graphane with a layered structure at 20 GPa.
  • The reaction mechanism includes key steps like the [4+2] Diels-Alder reaction, which plays a crucial role in the PIP process, and the study provides new insights into the polymerization of aromatic compounds.
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In this study, we present an advanced strategy of low-temperature hydrogen annealing combined with high- temperature quenching in air for activating α-FeO nanorod photoanodes to boost the photoelectrochemical performance. We report that various low-temperature annealing conditions (340, 360, 380, and 400 °C) under hydrogen gas flow convert β-FeOOH into magnetite (FeO) as well as introduce Sn diffusion from FTO substrates to its surface. Furthermore, high-temperature quenching (800 °C) resulted in the phase change of magnetite (FeO) into hematite (α-FeO) and self Sn doping into the hematite lattice.

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Recently, the sequential (Sq) process, which forms nanoscale network structures from quasi-solid-state inter-diffusion through swelling and annealing, is considered to be one of the most efficient methods for fabricating organic solar cells and blend films. Here, we examined the effect of the crystallinity and orientation of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) molecules on the formation of the nanostructure by carrying out a Sq process using various solvents with different boiling points. We showed that the moderate crystallinity promoted suitable inter-diffusion between the donor (P3HT) and acceptor ([6,6]-pentadeuterophenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester, PCBM), and hence was important for achieving high-performance solar cells using Sq processing.

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This data article presents the experimental evidences of the effect of TiO-fluorine doped tin oxide interface annealing and Ni(OH) cocatalysts on the photoelectrochemical, structural, morphological and optical properties of Ni(OH)/CdS/ZnInS/TiO heterojunction. The Raman spectroscopy exhibits the sharp features of the rutile phase of TiO and in agreement with the X-ray diffraction data. The band gap energy of the 500 °C sample was found to be 3.

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We report femtosecond infrared laser-induced selective tailoring of carrier transport as well as surface morphology on a conducting polymer blend thin film. Maximal 2.4 times enhancement on vertical current transport in poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, was achieved by this irradiation.

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