Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms (-786T>C, 4a4b, 894G>T) and haplotypes in Korean patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Objective: To investigate the association of three common polymorphisms (-786T>C, 4a4b, 894G>T) of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Study Design: In a prospective case-control study, 340 patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and 115 controls with at least one live birth and no history of pregnancy loss were enrolled. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis were performed to identify the genotypes.

Association study of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms with the risk of recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Objective: To investigate the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) polymorphisms (-2578C>A, -1154G>A, -634G>C, 936C>T) with idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in Koreans.

Design: Prospective case-control study.

Setting: University-based hospital.