The effect of clinical application of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with non-immersive virtual reality rehabilitation in stroke patients.

Background: The ability to manipulate the upper limbs and fingers of stroke patients is very important for independent daily life. Among the latest approaches for upper limb rehabilitation training, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive stimulation method that stimulates the cranial nerves by attaching electrodes to the scalp. In addition, virtual reality (VR) is an intervention method that provides an environment similar to reality and can help restore function by performing body movements as if playing a game.

The effect of motor imagery and mirror therapy on upper extremity function according to the level of cognition in stroke patients.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of motor imagery (MI) and mirror therapy (MT) on upper extremity function according to the level of cognition in stroke patients. Twenty-four participants who were diagnosed with stroke were divided into a mild cognitive group (n = 12) and a severe cognitive group (n = 12). Then, the two groups were again divided into MI group (n = 6) and MT group (n = 6).

The influence of high heeled shoes on balance ability and walking in healthy women.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of high heeled shoes on balance ability and walking on healthy women. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty healthy female subjects, without orthopedic history of the lower extremity were selected for the present study. The 3 cm, 6 cm, and 9 cm shoes were worn according to the prescribed order to perform a balance and walking test.

Effects of trunk stabilization exercise on the local muscle activity and balance ability of normal subjects.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trunk stabilization exercise on the transvers abdominalis (TA) and internal oblique (IO) muscle activity and balance ability of normal subjects. [Subjects and Methods] Forty healthy male subjects without orthopedic history of the lower extremity were selected for the present study. The experimental group received a hollowing exercise, curl-up and bridging exercise.

Effects of the Bad Ragaz Ring Method on muscle activation of the lower limbs and balance ability in chronic stroke: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Recovery of balance and walking abilities is important for the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the effects of the Bad Ragaz Ring method on functional recovery in chronic stroke patients.

Methods: Twenty-two chronic stroke patients were randomly assigned to two groups: a Bad Ragaz Ring method group (the experimental group) or a control group.

Effects of manipulation of the thorax and intensity of the pressure biofeedback unit on the superficial cervical flexors muscle during craniocervical flexion exercise.

[Purpose] This study examined the effects of manipulation of the thorax and the intensity of the pressure biofeedback unit on the superficial cervical flexors muscle during craniocervical flexion exercise. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty three subjects participated in the experiment. Thirty three healthy people without any orthopedic history were also selected.

The effects of visual biofeedback using ultrasonograpy on deep trunk muscle activation.

[Purpose] The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of visual biofeedback using ulatrasonography on the functional improvement of deep trunk muscle. [Subjects and Methods] This study selected ten healthy people without orthopedic history and information on the study. The average ages, heights, and weights were 22.

The effects of a pelvic belt on trunk and lower extremity muscles in the bridge position.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a pelvic belt on the activities of trunk and lower extremity muscles in normal adults. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 20 normal individuals without a history of orthopedic problems. The pelvic compression belt (The Com-Pressor, OPTP, Minneapolis, MN, USA) was an adjustable body belt with four elastic compression bands that provide stabilizing pressure and was designed to adjust the amount of force applied and to alter sites of compression.

Effects of strengthening exercise integrated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor function recovery in subacute stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate the effects of strengthening exercise integrated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on motor function recovery in subacute stroke patients.

Subjects And Methods: Thirty subacute stroke patients were randomly assigned to three groups: an ankle strengthening exercise group (group I), ankle strengthening exercise integrated rTMS group (group II), or an rTMS group (control group (CG)). Study subjects received therapy five days per week for eight weeks.

The effects of horse riding simulation exercise with blindfolding on healthy subjects' balance and gait.

[Purpose] The study was conducted to determine the effect of horse riding simulation combined with blindfolding on healthy individuals' balance and gait. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). The subjects in the experimental group covered their eyes using a blindfold, climbed onto a horse riding simulator, and performed the horse riding simulation exercise.

The effects of sitting with the right leg crossed on the trunk length and pelvic torsion of healthy individuals.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects on the trunk length and pelvic torsion of healthy individuals that arise from crossing the right leg while sitting. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects in this study were 30 healthy individuals consisting of 18 males and 12 females. The subjects were instructed to sit on a chair, the height of which was adjustable, so that their knee and hip joints were bent at 90°.

Immediate effects of forearm elastic and nonelastic taping on wrist flexor muscle and grip strength of normal adults.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of forearm elastic taping on grip and wrist flexor muscle strength. [Subjects and Methods] This was a single-blind, crossover study. This study selected 40 healthy subjects with no history of orthopedic disorders and was conducted after consent to participate was obtained.

Effects of lumbopelvic sling and abdominal drawing-in exercises on lung capacity in healthy adults.

[Purpose] To examine the effects of lumbopelvic sling and abdominal drawing-in exercises on the lung capacities of healthy subjects. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-nine healthy subjects with no orthopedic history of the back were recruited. Subjects were randomly assigned to a experimental group and control group.

The effects of exercising on an unstable surface on the gait and balance ability of normal adults.

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine that therapeutic efficacy of an unstable surface on balance and gait ability in normal individuals. [Subjects and Methods] Forty subjects participated in the experiment and were randomly assigned to an experimental group of 20 subjects and a control group of 20 subjects. The experimental group performed balance exercise on an Aero-Step device (Aero-Step XL, TOGU, Prien-Bachham, Germany).

Effects of mental practice on normal adult balance ability.

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of mental practice on the balance abilities of normal individuals. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group (n=15 each). Participants in both groups performed balance training in a seated position on a gym ball for 20 minutes per session, five sessions per week, for 4 weeks.

Effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor cortical excitability and sensory nerve conduction velocity in subacute-stage incomplete spinal cord injury patients.

[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to determine whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can improve sensory recovery of the lower extremities in subacute-stage spinal cord injury patients. [Subjects and Methods] This study was conducted on 20 subjects with diagnosed paraplegia due to spinal cord injury. These 20 subjects were allocated to an experimental group of 10 subjects that underwent active repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or to a control group of 10 subjects that underwent sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Therapeutic efficacy of walking backward and forward on a slope in normal adults.

In this study, the therapeutic effects of backward walking were examined. [Subjects and Methods] In all, 16 subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental group and 17 to a control group. All subjects walked barefoot on a treadmill (HM50EX, Daeho, Korea) for 20 min, five times per week, for a total of 4 weeks.

A content analysis of stroke physical therapy intervention using stroke physiotherapy intervention recording tool.

[Purpose] Physical therapy for recovery of function in people with stroke is known to be effective, but which type of physical therapy intervention is most effective is uncertain because a concrete and detailed record of interventions is done. This study aimed to record, analyze, and describe the content of physical therapy interventions for recovery of function after stroke using stroke physiotherapy intervention recording tool (SPIRIT). [Subjects and Methods] A convenience sample of 23 physical therapists from a rehabilitation hospital in Chung-nam recorded the interventions for 73 patients with stroke who were treated for 30 minutes in 670 treatment sessions.

The initial effects of an upper extremity neural mobilization technique on muscle fatigue and pressure pain threshold of healthy adults: a randomized control trial.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of an upper extremity neural mobilization technique on delayed onset muscle soreness. [Subjects] Forty-five healthy subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: a nerve mobilization group (experimental) and a control group. [Methods] The subjects of the experimental group were administered a median nerve mobilization technique and ultrasound for the biceps brachii muscle.

The effect of mirror therapy on balance ability of subacute stroke patients.

Background: Rehabilitation of subacute stroke patients represents a major challenge.

Objective: This study was conducted to examine the effects of mirror therapy on balance ability among subacute stroke patients.

Methods: The patients were assigned to a mirror therapy group ( = 17) or a sham therapy group ( = 17).

Effects of mirror therapy integrated with task-oriented exercise on the balance function of patients with poststroke hemiparesis: a randomized-controlled pilot trial.

This study aimed to explore the effects of mirror therapy integrated with task-oriented exercise on balance function in poststroke hemiparesis. Twenty patients with poststroke hemiparesis were assigned randomly to an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG), with 10 individuals each. Participants of the EG and CG received a task-oriented exercise program with a focus on the strengthening of the lower limb and the practice of balance-related functional tasks.

Effects of the hold and relax-agonist contraction technique on recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness after exercise in healthy adults.

[Purpose] This study was conducted to verify the effects of the hold relax-agonist contraction and passive straight leg raising techniques on muscle activity, fatigue, and range of motion of the hip joint after the induction of delayed onset muscle soreness in the hamstring muscle. [Subjects] Sixty subjects were randomly assigned to a hold relax-agonist contraction group and a passive straight leg raising group. [Methods] Subjects in the experimental group underwent hold relax-agonist contraction at the hamstring muscle, while subjects in the control group underwent passive straight leg raising at the hamstring muscle.

The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on unilateral neglect of acute stroke patients: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Rehabilitation of the unilateral neglect of acute stroke patients represents a major challenge.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the functional recovery of stroke patients with unilateral neglect.

Methods: Twenty patients with stroke were randomly assigned to two groups: a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation group (experimental) and a control group.

The effects of computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation on Alzheimer's dementia patients memories.

[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to conduct Computer-Assisted Cognitive Rehabilitation (COMCOG) to examine the effects of COMCOG on Alzheimer's dementia patients' memories. [Subjects] Thirty-five patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's dementia received COMCOG for 30 minutes per day, five days per week for four weeks. [Methods] Before and after the COMCOG intervention, subjects' cognitive functions were evaluated using the Cognitive Assessment Reference Diagnosis System (CARDS) and Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea (MMSE-K) test.