Publications by authors named "Hyuk Gyoon Lee"

Excitatory neurotransmitter-induced neuronal ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Although there are several reports pertaining to the pharmacological activities of biochanin A, the effects of this isoflavone on excitotoxicity-triggered neuronal ferroptosis remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that biochanin A inhibits ferroptosis of mouse hippocampal neurons induced by glutamate or the glutamate analog, kainic acid.

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In recent years, alongside research on mammalian-derived exosomes, there has been increasing interest in the physiological activities of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDEN). The biocompatibility, minimal side effects, and diverse bioactive ingredients contained in PDEN make them valuable as potential therapeutic agents for an extensive range of diseases. In this study, we cost-effectively isolated exosome-like nanoparticles from green onion (Allium fistulosum) using polyethylene glycol and examined their biological activity in HT-22 cells exposed to glutamate.

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Article Synopsis
  • - This study explored how biochanin A affects acute kidney injury related to sepsis in mice, using lipopolysaccharide to induce the condition and monitoring survival rates and kidney health over two weeks.
  • - Treatment with biochanin A improved survival rates in septic mice and reduced kidney damage by decreasing inflammatory responses and preventing cell death in kidney tissues.
  • - The research highlights biochanin A's ability to inhibit ferroptosis and its potential as a treatment for sepsis-related kidney disorders by stabilizing key biochemical parameters and influencing the expression of specific protective genes.
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Osteoporosis is an aging disease characterized by an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. However, drugs that inhibit bone resorption have various adverse effects. Ginseng (Panax ginseng), a prominent herbal medicine in East Asia for >2000 years, is renowned for its manifold beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-adipogenic activities.

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Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is a traditional Chinese medicine and use as herbal medicine which has the effects of regulating menopausal symptoms, heart problem, inflammatory disease, psoriasis and cognitive deficits. In previous reported, the studies of red clover were mainly focused on clinical practice.

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Zinc finger protein (ZFP) 251 is a member of the CH ZFP family containing a Krüppel-associated box domain that might mainly act as a transcriptional repressor. However, its cellular function remains largely unknown. Here, we discovered that ZFP251 deficiency caused glucose intolerance in mice.

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Article Synopsis
  • Recent research reveals that PPARδ is crucial in controlling cellular aging, particularly in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells affected by high glucose levels related to diabetic retinopathy.
  • Activation of PPARδ by the ligand GW501516 helps prevent premature cell aging and reduces harmful reactive oxygen species in RPE cells.
  • The protective effects of GW501516 are linked to the upregulation of SIRT1, a protein involved in aging processes, and emphasize the importance of PPARδ in maintaining cellular health in the retina during hyperglycemic conditions.
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Intracellular iron accumulation in dopaminergic neurons contributes to neuronal cell death in progressive neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease. However, the mechanisms of iron homeostasis in this context remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we assessed the role of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) in cellular iron homeostasis.

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Ferroptosis is a recently recognized process of cell death characterized by accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides. Herein, we demonstrate that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) inhibits ferroptosis of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) derived from cysteine/glutamate transporter (xCT)-knockout mice. Activation of PPARδ by the specific ligand GW501516 led to a dose-dependent decrease in ferroptotic cell death triggered by xCT deficiency, along with decreased levels of intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation.

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Hypertrophy of myocytes has been implicated in cardiac dysfunctions affecting wall stress and patterns of gene expression. However, molecular targets potentially preventing cardiac hypertrophy have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we demonstrate that upregulation of catalase by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) is involved in the anti-hypertrophic activity of PPARδ in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes.

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Background: Previous studies suggested that the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-δ plays an essential role in cellular responses against oxidative stress.

Objective: To investigate how PPAR-δ elicits cellular responses against oxidative stress in primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB).

Methods: The present study was undertaken in HDFs by performing real-time polymerase chain reaction, gene silencing, cytotoxicity and reporter gene assay, analyses for catalase and reactive oxygen species, and immunoblot analyses.

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High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a well-defined mediator involved in the pathophysiologic response to endotoxemia and sepsis. However, the mechanisms and therapeutic agents that could prevent its release are not fully elucidated. Here, the present study demonstrates that the ginseng leaf extract (GLE) regulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered release of HMGB1 in macrophages and endotoxemic animal model.

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This study shows that taurine and ginsenoside Rf act synergistically to increase the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The increase of BDNF mRNA by taurine and ginsenoside Rf was markedly attenuated by inhibitors of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. In addition, taurine and ginsenoside Rf protected cells from corticosterone-induced BDNF suppression and reduced cell viability and lactate dehydrogenase release.

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Ginsenosides are active components found abundantly in ginseng which has been used as a medicinal herb to modify disease status for thousands of years. However, the pharmacological activity of ginsenoside Re in the neuronal system remains to be elucidated. Neuroprotective activity of ginsenoside Re was investigated in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to induce cellular injury.

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been implicated as a key player in the regulation of adiponectin levels both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Herein, we show that PPAR-γ interacts with human antigen R (HuR) and that the PPAR-γ-HuR complex dissociates following activation of PPAR-γ by rosiglitazone, a specific ligand of PPAR-γ. This rosiglitazone-dependent dissociation of HuR from PPAR-γ leads to nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HuR and its binding to the 3'-UTR of adiponectin mRNA.

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