The relationship between sleep duration and physical activity level among Norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Failure to adhere to sleep and physical activity recommendations among adolescents constitutes a public health problem. However, the associations between sleep duration and adolescents' physical activity levels remain less explored. The aims of this paper were twofold: (1) to describe sleep and physical activity levels among Norwegian school-based adolescents, stratified by school level and sex and (2) to explore the association between sleep and physical activity levels.

Associations between sleep duration, insomnia, depression, anxiety and registry-based school grades: A longitudinal study among high-school students.

This study explored the prospective associations between sleep patterns, mental health and registry-based school grades among older adolescents. In the spring of 2019, 1st year high-school students in Western Norway were invited to a survey assessing habitual sleep duration, insomnia, depression and anxiety. Sleep patterns, depression and anxiety were assessed using the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, the Bergen Insomnia Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7.

Academic Performance, Health and Support Needs: Comparing Foster Care Alumni and Peers in Higher Education in Norway.

The completion rates of higher education are low among young adults with a history of foster care. Understanding how students from foster care alumni fare is imperative for facilitating attainment and preventing drop-out. The aim of this study was to compare students from foster care alumni and the general student population by examining (1) sociodemographic characteristics, academic functioning and need for special assistance; (2) contextual factors important for student life; and (3) mental and somatic health, loneliness, life satisfaction and use of cannabis and alcohol.

The relationship between the ages and stages questionnaire, 3rd edition scores in early childhood and future cognitive abilities in young Nepalese children.

Background: The Ages and Stages Questionnaire 3rd edition (ASQ-3) could be a feasible tool in resource-poor settings. Little is known on the relationship between scores on the ASQ-3 and later intellectual abilities in these settings.

Aims: To examine the relationship between ASQ-3 scores during the first and second year of life and intellectual abilities at 4 years of age in Nepalese children.

Deliberate self-harm in adolescents screening positive for attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder: a population-based study.

Background: Adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have an increased risk of self-harm. The risk of self-harm among adolescents who display an elevated level of ADHD symptoms, but without a formal diagnosis, is not well-studied and understood.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between self-reported symptoms of ADHD and self-harm in a population-based sample of adolescents.

Adolescent mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness: A comparison of two cohorts 12 years apart.

The aim of the study was to compare the mental health and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of adolescents in two cross-sectional cohorts, one measured in 2003 and the other in 2015, both at age 15 and across sexes. The study also sought to estimate the association between mental health and CRF in the two cohorts and examine the relationship between the level of CRF and mental health in each cohort overall and by sex. Data from 443 participants born in 1988 (228 males, 215 females) and 303 participants born in 1999 (126 males, 177 females) were analyzed.

Sleep characteristics and changes in sleep patterns among infants in Bhaktapur, Nepal.

Objective: Sleep undergoes major changes during the first year of life, but the characteristics of sleep among infants in low and middle-income countries are not well documented. This study describes sleep characteristics and changes in sleep patterns in infants at 6 and 12months of age from Bhaktapur, Nepal.

Methods: This was a community-based longitudinal study comprising 735 infants.

Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Social withdrawal in infants may be a signal of distress and a precursor for non-optimal development.

Objective: To examine the relationship between infant social withdrawal and neurodevelopment up to 4 years in Nepalese children.

Methods: A total of 597 Nepalese infants 6-11 months old were assessed with the modified Alarm Distress Baby Scale (m-ADBB), and of these, 527 with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd edition (Bayley-III) during early childhood, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV) and NEPSY-II subtests at 4 years.

Developmental trajectories of conduct problems and time-varying peer problems: the Bergen child study.

Background: While it is increasingly acknowledged that conduct problems and peer problems often co-occur in development, less is known about the ways in which peer problems may alter the developmental course of conduct problems for distinct subgroups.

Methods: Using data from a large population-based study in Norway (the Bergen Child Study/youth@hordaland; 47.4% males), we estimated group-based trajectories of conduct problems and the presence of time-varying peer problems on the developmental progression of conduct problems between seven and 19 years of age.

Parental unemployment and educational outcomes in late adolescence: the importance of family cohesion, parental education, and family income in a Norwegian study.

Aims: The study aimed to investigate the association between parental unemployment and grade point average and school completion in adolescence, and the importance of family cohesion, parental education, and family income in explaining these associations.

Methods: Data stem from the Norwegian cross-sectional 2012 youth@hordaland-survey including 8437 adolescents (53.4% girls).

Loneliness Across the COVID-19 Pandemic: Risk Factors in Norwegian Young People.

Background: There is evidence of increasing levels of loneliness in Norwegian young people before the COVID-19 pandemic. It is not clear how the COVID-19 pandemic, and the associated necessary restrictions, impacted on these trends.

Aims: To examine how loneliness in young people changed across the pandemic, how loneliness relates to demographic characteristics and how different pandemic restrictions impacted loneliness.

Prospective associations between adolescent risky substance use and school dropout and the role of externalising and internalising problems.

The aim of the present study was to assess to what extent risky substance use (RSU) acts as an important risk factor for school dropout from upper secondary school in a prospective study of Norwegian adolescents, and how externalising and internalising mental health problems influenced this association. We used data from a large population-based survey (the youth@hordaland-survey), which included adolescents aged 16-19 years. The predictor variables were self-reported RSU.

Associations Between Distinct Trauma Classes and Mental Health Care Utilization in Norwegian Adolescents: A National Registry Study.

Adolescents who experience potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) have an increased risk of psychopathology. PTEs often co-occur and may form interrelated patterns of exposure. This study investigated underlying classes of PTE exposure among Norwegian adolescent participants in the youth@hordaland study, and whether such classes were associated with contact with child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and psychiatric diagnoses.

Sleep duration and mental health in young adults.

Background: The association between sleep duration and mental illness has been established in middle-aged and older populations, yet remains less explored in younger adults. Additionally, a common limitation to existing studies is the lack of statistical power to explore less common disorders. The purpose of this study was to examine sleep duration as a predictor for a range of mental disorders and well-being in a longitudinal sample of young adults.

Energy drink consumption and sleep parameters in college and university students: a national cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate the frequency of energy drink (ED) consumption, and the association between ED consumption and selected sleep characteristics and parameters in Norwegian college and university students. We also explored whether these associations varied based on sex.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Parental separation, negative life events and mental health problems in adolescence.

Background: Parental separation is associated with mental health problems in adolescence. One suggested pathway for this association is through the accumulated exposure to stress and other negative life events. This study aimed to document the distribution of negative life events among adolescents with separated compared to non-separated parents, and to assess the direct and interactive associations between parental separation, negative life events, and mental health problems in adolescence.

Using Norwegian National Patient Registry data to understand associations between potentially traumatic life experiences and mental health care use in adolescence.

Exposure to potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) is common among children and adolescents and associated with an increased risk of psychiatric diagnoses. This study aimed to ascertain how the number of PTEs differed across adolescent psychiatric diagnoses. Data on PTE exposure were derived from the youth@hordaland survey, and Axis 1 data were from the linked Norwegian National Patient Registry (NPR).

Sleep and childhood maltreatment: A matched-control study of sleep characteristics in Norwegian 16-19-year-olds.

Sleep problems are an important but understudied health problem in adolescents exposed to childhood maltreatment. The current study aimed to examine sleep characteristics and insomnia in a population with maltreatment history and compare them to a general population sample of adolescents. Data from a sample of Norwegian 16-19-year-old adolescents with childhood maltreatment experiences (n = 62) were linked to an age- and sex-matched general population sample (n = 238).

Sleep and dropout from upper secondary school: A register-linked study.

Objective: The present study investigates the association between sleep in late adolescence and completion of upper secondary school.

Methods: The data are drawn from the youth@hordaland study, a large population-based study conducted in 2012, linked with official educational data in Norway (N = 8838).

Results: High school dropout was more prevalent among adolescents who had insomnia (20.

Parental separation and school dropout in adolescence.

Aims: To document the association between parental separation and school dropout in adolescence and to examine the factors that may potentially account for this association.

Methods: Data stem from the large youth@hordaland study that was linked to the Norwegian National Educational Database to obtain objective measures of educational outcomes and disposable income ( = 8323). Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between parental separation and school dropout.

The effect of vitamin B12 supplementation during pregnancy on infant growth and development in Nepal: a community-based, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Vitamin B12 is required for healthy infant growth and development, but low and marginal vitamin B12 status is endemic in low-income and middle-income countries. We aimed to measure the effect of vitamin B12 supplementation from early pregnancy until 6 months post partum on infant growth and neurodevelopment.

Methods: In this community-based, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned (1:1) 800 pregnant women (aged 20-40 years) who were up to 15 weeks pregnant-recruited from home visits and outpatient departments at three hospitals in Nepal-to daily supplementation with 50 μg oral vitamin B12 or placebo until 6 months postpartum.

The relationship between online communication and adolescents' mental health: Long-term evaluation between genders.

Aims: In a relatively short time, online communication has become an important part of adolescents' lives, and concerns have been raised about its potential effects on mental health. The first aim was to compare mental health status and online communication in 15-year-old Icelanders born in 1988 and in 1994. The second aim was to assess whether the relationship between online communication and mental health has changed among 15-year-old Icelanders from 2003 to 2015 across genders.