Incidence and Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis after Foot and Ankle Surgery.

Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in orthopedic surgery and has the potential to lead to fatal complications such as pulmonary thromboembolism. However, the precise incidence and risk factors for DVT in the foot and ankle fields remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of DVT and identify its risk factors after foot and ankle surgery.

Improved Transfer Learning for Detecting Upper-Limb Movement Intention Using Mechanical Sensors in an Exoskeletal Rehabilitation System.

The objective of this study was to propose a novel strategy for detecting upper-limb motion intentions from mechanical sensor signals using deep and heterogeneous transfer learning techniques. Three sensor types, surface electromyography (sEMG), force-sensitive resistors (FSRs), and inertial measurement units (IMUs), were combined to capture biometric signals during arm-up, hold, and arm-down movements. To distinguish motion intentions, deep learning models were constructed using the CIFAR-ResNet18 and CIFAR-MobileNetV2 architectures.

Low Contact Resistance WSe -Type Transistors with Highly Stable, CMOS-Compatible Dopants.

High contact resistance has been a bottleneck in developing high-performance transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) based -type transistors. We report degenerately doped few-layer WSe transistors with contact resistance as low as 0.23 ± 0.

Identification of plasma and urinary inflammatory markers in severe knee osteoarthritis: Relations with synovial fluid markers.

Background: This study aimed to identify plasma and urinary cytokines as potential biomarkers for severe knee osteoarthritis (OA). It also investigated associations between these cytokines and cartilage markers, as well as their connections with synovial fluid (SF) markers.

Methods: Samples of plasma, urine, and SF were obtained from patients (n = 40) undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) due to severe knee OA.

GFAP-NpHR mediated optogenetic inhibition of trigeminal nucleus caudalis attenuates hypersensitive behaviors and thalamic discharge attributed to infraorbital nerve constriction injury.

The significance of hyperactive astrocytes in neuropathic pain is crucial. However, the association between medullary astrocytes and trigeminal neuralgia (TN)-related pain processing is unclear. Here, we examined how optogenetic inhibition of medullary astrocytes in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) regulates pain hypersensitivity in an infraorbital nerve (ION) constricted TN model.

Simultaneous Performance and Stability Enhancement in Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Powder-Atomic Layer Deposited LSCF@ZrO Cathodes.

Employing porous structures is essential in high-performance electrochemical energy devices. However, obtaining uniform functional coatings on high-tortuosity structures can be challenging, even with specialized processes such as atomic layer deposition (ALD). Herein, a novel method for achieving a porous composite electrode for solid oxide fuel cells by coating La Sr Co Fe O -δ (LSCF) powders with ZrO using a powder ALD process is presented.

Optogenetic Inhibition of Glutamatergic Neurons in the Dysgranular Posterior Insular Cortex Modulates Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain in CCI-ION Rat.

In individuals with chronic neuropathic pain, the posterior insular cortex (PIC) has been found to exhibit increased glutamatergic activity, and the dysgranular portion of PIC (DPIC) has been investigated as a novel cortical target for pain modulation. However, the role of DPIC glutamatergic neurons (DPICg) in trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) remains unclear. Here, we examined the outcomes of DPICg inhibition in a rat model of chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION).

Ultralow Loading of Ru as a Bifunctional Catalyst for the Oxygen Electrode of Solid Oxide Cells.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a significant contributor to the cell overpotential in solid oxide electrolyzer cells (SOECs). Although noble metals such as Ru and Ir have been utilized as OER catalysts, their widespread application in SOECs is hindered by their high cost and limited availability. In this study, we present a highly effective approach to enhance air electrode performance and durability by depositing an ultrathin layer of metallic Ru, as thin as ∼7.

Factors influencing successful bone union of isolated subtalar arthrodesis for posttraumatic subtalar arthritis: a multicenter case series.

Background: The purpose of this study was to find the factors influencing successful bone union for isolated subtalar arthrodesis in posttraumatic subtalar arthritis following calcaneal fracture.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the rate of successful bone union of 119 cases of isolated subtalar arthrodesis for posttraumatic subtalar arthritis performed at five university hospitals between January 2010 and December 2019. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors associated with successful bone union.

Trends and Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection after Treatment of the Ankle Fracture: National Cohort Study.

Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major complication after the surgical treatment of ankle fractures that can result in catastrophic consequences. This study aimed to determine the incidence of SSI in several cohorts from national insurance databases over the past 12 years and identify its predictors. The claimed data for patients ( = 1,449,692) with ankle fractures between 2007 and 2019 were investigated, and a total of 41,071 patients were included in the final analysis.

Scalable CMOS back-end-of-line-compatible AlScN/two-dimensional channel ferroelectric field-effect transistors.

Three-dimensional monolithic integration of memory devices with logic transistors is a frontier challenge in computer hardware. This integration is essential for augmenting computational power concurrent with enhanced energy efficiency in big data applications such as artificial intelligence. Despite decades of efforts, there remains an urgent need for reliable, compact, fast, energy-efficient and scalable memory devices.

Modulation of trigeminal neuropathic pain by optogenetic inhibition of posterior hypothalamus in CCI-ION rat.

Posterior hypothalamus (PH), an important part of the descending pain processing pathway, has been found to be activated in trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. However, there are very few studies conducted and information regarding its implications in trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP). Therefore, we aimed to ascertain whether optogenetic inhibition of PH could affect the outcomes of a chronic constriction injury in the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION) rat model.

Stage-Dependent Changes of Visual Function and Electrical Response of the Retina in the Mouse Model.

One of the critical prerequisites for the successful development of retinal prostheses is understanding the physiological features of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the different stages of retinal degeneration (RD). This study used our custom-made mice, C57BL/6- /Korl mutated on the Pde6b gene in C57BL/6J mouse with the CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing method. We selected the postnatal day (P) 45, P70, P140, and P238 as representative ages for RD stages.

Establishing a low-risk zone for a temporary extra-articular calcaneo-tibial pin fixation in an unstable ankle or subtalar joint.

This study aimed to establish a low-risk zone to avoid neurovascular injury during a temporary extra-articular calcaneo-tibial pin fixation in an unstable ankle or subtalar joint. A line from the calcaneal tuberosity center to the lateral end of the posterior malleolus at the ankle joint level defines the lateral border of this zone. Another line from the calcaneal tuberosity center to the midpoint of the anterior distal tibial articular surface at the joint level defines its medial border.

Second-look arthroscopic and magnetic resonance analysis after internal fixation of osteochondral lesions of the talus.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate cartilage quality after internal fixation of osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) using second-look arthroscopies and MRIs. Thirty-four patients underwent internal fixation of OLTs involving large bone fragments. Twenty-one of these patients underwent second-look arthroscopies and 23 patients underwent MRIs postoperatively.

High-Density, Localized Quantum Emitters in Strained 2D Semiconductors.

Two-dimensional chalcogenide semiconductors have recently emerged as a host material for quantum emitters of single photons. While several reports on defect- and strain-induced single-photon emission from 2D chalcogenides exist, a bottom-up, lithography-free approach to producing a high density of emitters remains elusive. Further, the physical properties of quantum emission in the case of strained 2D semiconductors are far from being understood.

Pain Relief in a Trigeminal Neuralgia Model Optogenetic Inhibition on Trigeminal Ganglion Itself With Flexible Optic Fiber Cannula.

The trigeminal ganglion (TG) is the primary site of aberration in trigeminal neuralgia (TN), and hence a crucial site where afferent input can be modulated. Here, we postulated that inhibiting TG optogenetics using flexible optic cannula would diminish brainstem trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) neuronal activity and pain behavior in TN rat model. Infraorbital nerve constriction was employed to induce TN in female Sprague-Dawley rats, while naive and sham rats served as controls.

Can 3-Dimensional Printing for Calcaneal Fracture Surgery Decrease Operation Time and Improve Quality of Fracture Reduction?

We investigated whether 3-dimensional (3D) printed models can decrease operation time and improve the quality of reduction for calcaneal fractures. The study involved 48 patients with unilateral intra-articular calcaneal fractures, who were retrospectively case-matched according to Sander's classification, age, and sex. Group A (24 patients) was operated using 3D printed models as a preoperative and intraoperative tool, and group B (24 patients) was operated using standard techniques without 3D printed model.

Reconstruction of chronic tibialis anterior tendon ruptures using a free anterior half of a peroneus longus tendon autograft: A technical note.

Chronic rupture of the tibialis anterior (TA) tendon is rare. Several reconstruction techniques have been introduced. However, to the best of our knowledge, the use of a free anterior half of a peroneus longus tendon (AHPLT) autograft has not been reported for reconstruction of TA tendon rupture.

Clinical Outcomes of Revision Arthroscopic Capsulolabral Repair for Recurrent Anterior Shoulder Instability With Moderate Glenoid Bone Defects: A Comparison With Primary Surgery.

Background: The optimal revision surgery for failed primary arthroscopic capsulolabral repair (ACR) has yet to be determined. Revision ACR has shown promising results.

Purpose: To compare the functional, strength, and radiological outcomes of revision ACR and primary ACR for anterior shoulder instability.

Automatic multi-class intertrochanteric femur fracture detection from CT images based on AO/OTA classification using faster R-CNN-BO method.

Intertrochanteric (IT) femur fractures are the most common fractures in elderly people, and they lead to significant morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. The different types of fractures require a careful definition to ensure accurate surgical planning and reduce the operation time, healing time, and number of surgical failures. In this study, a deep learning-based automatic multi-class IT fracture detection model was developed using computed tomography (CT) images and based on the AO/OTA classification method.

Use of an aiming drill guide and ankle arthroscopy for reduction of depressed articular surface in posterior malleolar fractures.

Purpose: We describe a novel technique that uses an aiming drill guide and ankle arthroscopy for direct visualization and reduction of the depressed articular surface located between the posterior tibia and the fractured posterior malleolus. This technique requires less soft tissue dissection to visualize and reduce the depressed articular surface.

Methods: Between June 2014 and May 2019, 126 patients were surgically treated for trimalleolar fractures.

Screw stripping and its prevention in the hexagonal socket of 3.5-mm titanium locking screws.

There have been several reports about the difficulties in removing 3.5-mm titanium locking screws from plates due to the stripping or rounding of the hexagonal screw socket. We investigated whether stripping the locking screw sockets can be prevented by using different screwdrivers or interposing materials into the socket during removal.

Stimulating GABAergic Neurons in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Alters the Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain Responses in a Rat Model of Infraorbital Nerve Injury.

The nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) is an important component of brain reward circuitry, but studies have revealed its involvement in pain circuitry also. However, its effect on trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and the mechanism underlying it are yet to be fully understood. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the outcomes of optogenetic stimulation of NAcc GABAergic neurons in an animal model of TN.