Risk of thyroid cancer in a lung cancer screening population of the National Lung Screening Trial according to the presence of incidental thyroid nodules detected on low-dose chest CT.

Purpose: This study evaluated thyroid cancer risk in a lung cancer screening population according to the presence of an incidental thyroid nodule (ITN) detected on low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT).

Methods: Of 47,837 subjects who underwent LDCT, a lung cancer screening population according to the National Lung Screening Trial results was retrospectively enrolled. The prevalence of ITN on LDCT was calculated, and the ultrasonography (US)/fine-needle aspiration (FNA)-based risk of thyroid cancer according to the presence of ITN on LDCT was compared using the Fisher exact or Student t-test as appropriate.

Comparison of Core Needle Biopsy and Repeat Fine-Needle Aspiration in Avoiding Diagnostic Surgery for Thyroid Nodules Initially Diagnosed as Atypia/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance.

Objective: To compare core needle biopsy (CNB) and repeat fine-needle aspiration (rFNA) to reduce the rate of diagnostic surgery and prevent unnecessary surgery in nodules initially diagnosed as atypia/follicular lesions of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS).

Materials And Methods: This study included 231 consecutive patients (150 female and 81 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 51.9 ± 11.

Diabetes is not protective against the formation of unruptured cerebral aneurysm.

Objectives: Diabetes appears to decrease the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, it is not clear whether diabetes decreases the risk of aneurysm formation. The aim of our study to evaluate the risk of unruptured cerebral aneurysm in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Distribution and malignancy risk of six categories of the pathology reporting system for thyroid core-needle biopsy in 1,216 consecutive thyroid nodules.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present the distribution of lesions among the six categories of the pathology reporting system for thyroid core-needle biopsy (CNB), along with the range of malignancy risk of each category based on different diagnostic criteria for benignity in a clinical cohort.

Methods: For 1,216 consecutive nodules (≥1 cm) of 1,125 patients who underwent CNB at two hospitals, the diagnostic results based on the six categories of thyroid CNB were analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups according to prior fine-needle aspiration (FNA) status: second-line CNB for nodules where prior FNA yielded nondiagnostic or unsatisfactory results (n=57), second-line CNB for nodules with prior FNA results of atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) (n=303), and first-line CNB (n=856).

Study of muscle contraction induced by electrical pulse stimulation and nitric oxide in C2C12 myotube cells.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the independent effect of electrical pulse stimulation(EPS) and nitric oxide(NO) on muscle contraction and their synergistic or combined effect on contraction phenomenon using C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells.

Methods: Some differentiated C2C12 myotube cells were untreated (control). Other cells did not receive EPS and did receive 0.

Non-obese fatty liver disease is associated with lacunar infarct.

Background/aims: Lacunar infarct, a small subcortical ischaemic lesion, is a known risk factor for future cognitive impairment, dementia and stroke. We evaluated the relationship between fatty liver disease (FLD) and lacunar infarct in a healthy general population.

Methods: Subjects who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and abdominal ultrasonography (US) during health check-ups from 2007 to 2009 were included.

Effects of voluntary exercise on apoptosis and cortisol after chronic restraint stress in mice.

Purpose: To determine whether voluntary exercise (wheel running) has the potential of relieving stress.

Methods: In this study, restraint stress with or without voluntary wheel running was performed for mice housed in individual cages. A total of 21 ICR male mice were assigned into control (CON), restraint stress with voluntary exercise (RSVE), or restraint stress (RS) without voluntary exercise groups (n = 7 each).

Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules: Categorization Based on Solidity and Echogenicity.

Background: Although ultrasonography (US) has an essential role in assessing the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules, a malignancy risk-stratification system has not been established. The purpose of this study was to develop a clinically feasible US risk-stratification system--the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS)--primarily based on the solidity and echogenicity of thyroid nodules.

Methods: From January 2010 to May 2011, a total of consecutive 2000 thyroid nodules (≥ 1 cm) with final diagnoses were enrolled from the database of low and high cancer volume institutions (1000 nodules from each institution).

The effect of swimming exercise and powdered-Salicornia herbacea L. ingestion on glucose metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of Salicornia herbacea L. powder ingestion on carbohydrate metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: To achieve this objective, 35 Sprague-Dawley male rats were raised with feed mixed with Salicornia herbacia L.

Decursin from Angelica gigas Nakai Inhibits B16F10 Melanoma Growth Through Induction of Apoptosis.

Decursin, a bioactive phytochemical isolated from Angelica gigas Nakai (danggwi), has shown preclinical anticancer efficacy in various cancer models. However, the antitumor effect of decursin in melanoma models remains undefined. The antitumor activities of decursin were investigated in B16F10 cells in vitro and in vivo.

Persimmon vinegar ripening with the mountain-cultivated ginseng ingestion reduces blood lipids and lowers inflammatory cytokines in obese adolescents.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of the vinegar, which is made of 4-year-old mountain-cultivated ginseng ripened into 4-year-matured persimmon vinegar, on the blood lipids level and inflammatory cytokines concentration in obese female adolescents.

Methods: Subjects ingested the vinegar, so-called 'mountain-cultivated ginseng persimmon vinegar (MPV)', without meals every day for 6 weeks with activities control. Subjects were grouped into control (CON), persimmon vinegar (PV), and MPV with 10 people in each group.

Usefulness of core needle biopsy for thyroid nodules with macrocalcifications: comparison with fine-needle aspiration.

Background: This study was performed to determine the benefits of core needle biopsy (CNB), as compared with fine-needle aspiration (FNA), for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules with macrocalcifications.

Materials And Methods: The institutional review board approved this retrospective study, and informed consent was waived. From February 2010 to March 2012, the study included 147 thyroid nodules with macrocalcification of 145 consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous FNA and CNB for each nodule.

Antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of pine needle powder ingestion and endurance training in high cholesterol-fed rats.

Purpose: Pine needle is a kind of medicinal plant ingested traditionally for a variety of purposes. Therefore, we examined the antioxidant and antiapoptotic capacities of pine needle ingestion in high cholesterol-fed and endurance exercise-trained rats.

Methods: Animals were divided into six groups as; CON: normal diet control group; EX: normal diet and exercise training group; HC: high cholesterol diet group; HCE: high cholesterol diet and exercise training group; HCP: high cholesterol and pine needle group; HCPE: high-cholesterol and pine needle diet with exercise training group, respectively.

Arterial stiffness using cardio-ankle vascular index reflects cerebral small vessel disease in healthy young and middle aged subjects.

Aim: The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) reflects overall arterial stiffness from the aorta to the ankle, independent of blood pressure. Cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs), including white matter lesions (WML), silent lacunar infarction (SLI) and cerebral microbleeds (CMB), are considered to increase the risk of stroke and cognitive impairment further. We aimed to investigate the association of cerebral SVD with CAVI in asymptomatic young and middle-aged subjects.

Multi-detector row computed tomographic evaluation of bronchopleural fistula: correlation with clinical, bronchoscopic, and surgical findings.

Objectives: To evaluate the usefulness of multi-detector row computed tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of bronchopleural fistula (BPF) and to correlate CT features with clinical, bronchoscopic, and surgical findings.

Methods: Twenty-four patients had a final diagnosis of BPF. Thin-section axial and coronal multiplanar reformation images from multi-detector row CT datasets were assessed by 2 radiologists in consensus.

Diagnosis of acute appendicitis with sliding slab ray-sum interpretation of low-dose unenhanced CT and standard-dose i.v. contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare low-dose unenhanced CT with standard-dose i.v. contrast-enhanced CT in the diagnosis of appendicitis.

Evaluation of the gross type and longitudinal extent of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas on contrast-enhanced multidetector row computed tomography.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of contrast-enhanced multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) in classifying the morphological subtype and revealing the longitudinal extent of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (EHCs).

Methods: Our institutional review board approved this retrospective study, and informed consent was waived. Two radiologists reviewed the preoperative MDCT images of 56 patients who had undergone surgical treatment of EHCs from 2000 to 2006.

Central venous infusion port inserted via high versus low jugular venous approaches: retrospective comparison of outcome and complications.

Purpose: To retrospectively compare immediate and long-term outcome of central venous infusion port inserted via right high versus low jugular vein approaches.

Materials And Methods: The study included 163 patients (125 women patients, 38 men patients; age range, 18-79 years; mean age, 53 years); 142 patients underwent port insertion with low jugular vein approach and 21 patients with high jugular vein approach. The causes of high jugular vein puncture were metastatic lymphadenopathy (n=7), operation scar (n=6), radiation scar (n=5), failure of low jugular vein puncture (n=2), and abnormal course of right subclavian artery (n=1).