Association between exonic polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen-G gene and non-segmental vitiligo in the Korean population.

Background Vitiligo is a pigmentary skin disorder characterised by a chronic and progressive loss of melanocytes. Although several theories have been suggested to the pathogenesis of vitiligo, an autoimmune process leading to melanocyte destruction appears most likely. Human leukocyte antigen-G is a non-classic, major histocompatibility complex Class I molecule that plays an important role in the suppression of the immune response.

The increased prevalence of keloids in atopic dermatitis patients with allergic comorbidities: a nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with allergic comorbidities, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The etiology of keloid is largely unknown; however, AD and keloid share inflammatory pathways characterized by T-helper cell 2 cytokines and increased dermal fibroblast activity. The prevalence of keloids has been reported to increase in patients with AD, but it remains controversial.

Early detection of microcomedones induced by cocoa butter using reflectance confocal microscopy.

Background: Many ingredients used in cosmetics evoke a comedogenic response. The concept of ''acne cosmetica'' was developed to link the use of certain ingredients to comedone formation. Various clinical research methods have been suggested for the effective screening of an ingredient that can worsen acne or acneiform eruption and confirm its clinical relevance as to whether it is used as a non-comedogenic claim.

The Effect of a Parental Visitation Program on Emergence Delirium Among Postoperative Children in the PACU.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental presence on the incidence of emergence delirium (ED) of children in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU).

Design: A quasi-experimental pretest and post-test study with nonequivalent and nonsynchronized control groups.

Methods: About 93 children aged 3 to 6 years undergoing general anesthesia for tonsillectomy were divided into two groups: parental presence and absence.