Electron beam-based fabrication of crosslinked hydrophilic carbon electrodes and their application for capacitive deionization.

In this research, we demonstrated that a crosslinked hydrophilic carbon electrode with better electrochemical performance than hydrophobic counterparts can easily be produced using room-temperature, quick electron-beam irradiation with a hydrophilic methacryloyl-substituted polyvinyl alcohol (SPVA) binder. The SPVA binder was effectively synthesized by trans-esterification of PVA with glycidyl methacrylate. The hydrophilic carbon electrode cast on a graphite sheet from a slurry of activated carbon (AC) and SPVA was irradiated with an electron beam to form a crosslinked structure.

Post-translational regulation of a developmental catalase, CatB, involves a metalloprotease, SmpA and contributes to proper differentiation and osmoprotection of Streptomyces coelicolor.

Streptomyces coelicolor produces at least three different catalases (catalases A, B, and C) under different physiological conditions. Catalase B (CatB) is a developmentally regulated catalase required for proper differentiation and osmoprotection of S. coelicolor.

A master regulator sigmaB governs osmotic and oxidative response as well as differentiation via a network of sigma factors in Streptomyces coelicolor.

The differentiating bacterium Streptomyces coelicolor harbours some 66 sigma factors, which support its complex life cycle. sigma(B), a functional homologue of sigma(S) from Escherichia coli, controls both osmoprotection and differentiation in S. coelicolor A3(2).

Regulation of sigmaB by an anti- and an anti-anti-sigma factor in Streptomyces coelicolor in response to osmotic stress.

sigmaB, a homolog of stress-responsive sigmaB of Bacillus subtilis, controls both osmoprotection and differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3 (2). Its gene is preceded by rsbA and rsbB genes encoding homologs of an anti-sigma factor, RsbW, and its antagonist, RsbV, of B. subtilis, respectively.

Identification of sigmaB-dependent promoters using consensus-directed search of Streptomyces coelicolor genome.

SigmaB plays an important role in both osmoprotection and proper differentiation in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). We searched for candidate members of the sigmaB regulon from the genome database, using the consensus promoter sequence (GNNTN14-16GGGTAC/T). The list consists of 115 genes, and includes all the known sigmaB target genes and many other genes whose functions are related to stress protection and differentiation.