Effect of individualized versus conventional perioperative blood pressure management on postoperative major complications in high-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: study protocol for the SPROUT-4 multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Intraoperative hypotension is very common during surgery and is linked to major organ dysfunction and mortality. Current perioperative blood pressure management is largely based on universal blood pressure thresholds ranging from a mean arterial pressure of 60-70 mmHg. However, the effectiveness of this conventional management remains unproven in prospective randomized trials.

Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy of Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Therapy Through Keratin-Mediated Delivery in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents an aggressive subtype characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis, necessitating the exploration of alternative treatment strategies. Oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV) therapy has emerged as a promising approach, selectively infecting and destroying tumor cells. However, its efficacy is often hampered by inadequate viral distribution within the tumor microenvironment.

Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease Using Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin and Kidney Injury Molecule-1 in Small-Breed Dogs: A Retrospective Pilot Study.

Multiple diagnostic modalities are urgently needed to identify early-stage kidney diseases. Various molecules have been investigated; however, most studies have focused on identifying specific biomarkers in urine. Considering that assessing the symmetrical dimethylarginine (SDMA) plasma concentration is more suitable as an early diagnostic test for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in routine veterinary practice, we aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) and plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (pKIM-1) concentrations for CKD detection in small-breed dogs.

Analgesic efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Study Objective: Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is commonly used for perioperative analgesia in adults; however, its analgesic efficacy and safety in pediatric patients remain uncertain. This review aimed to determine whether ultrasound-guided ESPB can improve analgesic efficacy and safety in pediatric surgery.

Design: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Assessing the Efficacy of Acanthoic Acid Isolated from Nakai in Male Infertility: An In Vivo and In Silico Approach.

Acanthoic acid, a diterpene isolated from the root bark of Nakai, possesses diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, gastrointestinal protection, and cardiovascular protection. This study is the first to investigate the egg-hatching rates of affected by acanthoic acid. Notably, male flies supplemented with 10 μM acanthoic acid exhibited a strong increase in hatching rates compared with controls under adverse temperature conditions, suggesting a potential protective effect against environmental stressors.

Nesfatin-1 ameliorates pathological abnormalities in Drosophila hTau model of Alzheimer's disease.

In human Alzheimer's disease (AD), the aggregation of tau protein is considered a significant hallmark, along with amyloid-beta. The formation of neurofibrillary tangles due to aberrant phosphorylation of tau disrupts microtubule stability, leading to neuronal toxicity, dysfunction, and subsequent cell death. Nesfatin-1 is a neuropeptide primarily known for regulating appetite and energy homeostasis.

Oat ( L.) Sprouts Restore Skin Barrier Function by Modulating the Expression of the Epidermal Differentiation Complex in Models of Skin Irritation.

Oats ( L.) are used as therapeutic plants, particularly in dermatology. Despite numerous studies on their skin moisturization, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation effects, the precise molecular mechanisms of these effects are only partially understood.

Anti-Staphylococcal Activity of SWLA-1 and Its Supernatant against Multidrug-Resistant in Novel Rat Model of Acute Osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis caused by staphylococcal infection is a serious complication of orthopedic surgery. is the main causative agent of osteomyelitis in veterinary medicine. Methicillin-resistant (MRSP) has been reported in companion animals, especially dogs.

Risk Assessment of Perioperative Respiratory Adverse Events and Validation of the COLDS Score in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection.

Children are at greater risk of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), which can pose a higher risk of perioperative respiratory adverse events (PRAEs), than adults. The purpose of this study was to validate the COLDS score as a pre-anesthetic risk assessment tool for predicting the possibility of PRAEs. Children aged under 18 years and undergoing elective surgery were retrospectively included.

Limb Length Discrepancy and Corticospinal Tract Disruption in Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the corticospinal tract (CST) and limb length discrepancy (LLD) in patients with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP). Using diffusion tensor tractography, a retrospective study on 92 pediatric patients with hemiplegic CP who visited our hospital from May 2017 to the end of 2020 was conducted. Limb length was measured by anthropometry to calculate LLD.

Effect of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioscaffolds Derived from Fibroblasts on Skin Wound Healing and Remodeling.

The mammalian tissue extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used as a scaffold to facilitate the repair and reconstruction of numerous tissues. However, the material properties of decellularized ECM (dECM) from cell cultures and the effect of these properties on wound remodeling remain unclear. To elucidate its biological activity, we extracted dECM from human lung fibroblasts, fabricated it into a patch, and applied it to a full-thickness skin wound.

Effects of Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis on the Disposition of Tofacitinib in Rats.

Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase 1 and 3 inhibitor, is mainly metabolized by CYP3A1/2 and CYP2C11 in the liver. The drug has been approved for the chronic treatment of severe ulcerative colitis, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis.

Case Report: Articular Gout in Four Dogs and One Cat.

Background: There is widespread prejudice in veterinary medicine that gout does not occur in non-human mammalians. However, we recently discovered monosodium urate crystals in the synovial fluid obtained from a few dogs and a cat. Since it is the definitive and gold standard to diagnose gout, we report these cases as newly emerging diseases in companion animals.

Non-thermal plasma promotes hair growth by improving the inter-follicular macroenvironment.

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is widely used in the disinfection and surface modification of biomaterials. NTP treatment can regenerate and improve skin function; however, its effectiveness on hair follicle (HF) growth and its underlying mechanisms need to be elucidated. Herein, we propose an air-based NTP treatment, which generates exogenous nitric oxide (eNO), as a therapeutic strategy for hair growth.

The Effectiveness of Compartmentalized Bone Graft Sponges Made Using Complementary Bone Graft Materials and Succinylated Chitosan Hydrogels.

Bone defects can occur from many causes, including disease or trauma. Bone graft materials (BGMs) have been used to fill damaged areas for the reconstruction of diseased bone tissues since they are cost effective and readily available. However, BGMs quickly disperse around the tissue area, which ultimately leads to it migrating away from the defect after transplantation.

Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog.

A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

Sleep quality and emergence delirium in children undergoing strabismus surgery: a comparison between preschool- and school-age patients.

Background: Emergence delirium (ED) is common in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane. Preoperative sleep quality is associated with the risk factors for ED. However, research on the relationship between sleep quality and ED is limited.

Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction between Tofacitinib and Voriconazole in Rats.

Fungal infections are prevalent in patients with immune diseases. Voriconazole, a triazole antifungal drug, inhibits the cytochromes CYP3A4 and CYP2C, and tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, is metabolized by CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 in humans. Here, we investigated their interaction during simultaneous administration of both drugs to rats, either intravenously or orally.

Comparison of efficacies of unipedicular kyphoplasty and bipedicular kyphoplasty for treatment of single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A STROBE-compliant retrospective study.

Kyphoplasty (KP) is an effective method for treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Although the bipedicular approach is considered the main treatment approach, the unipedicular approach has also been shown to be effective. This study aimed to retrospectively compare the radiological and clinical outcomes of unipedicular and bipedicular KP in the treatment of single-level OVCFs.

Efficacy of electrical stimulation on epidural anesthesia for cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Loss of resistance (LOR) technique is a widely used method to identify the epidural space. However, cases of inadequate epidural anesthesia in cesarean section were frequently reported. Also, the success rate of epidural anesthesia with LOR technique varied depending on the proficiency of the practitioner.