Neuroprotective Effects of Chemical Constituents of Leaves of Wall.

Wall. is considered a medicinal plant and is used to treat pain, cough, dysuria, and cancer, but a clear phytochemical investigation of its biological activities has yet to be performed. Investigation of chemical constituents of the leaves of Wall.

Enhanced Cholesterol-Lowering and Antioxidant Activities of Soymilk by Fermentation with KML06.

This study aimed to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant activities of soymilk fermented with probiotic strains and to investigate the production of related bioactive compounds. KML06 (KML06) was selected for the fermentation of soymilk because it has the highest antioxidant, cholesterol-lowering, and β-glucosidase activities among the 10 strains isolated from kimchi. The genomic information of strain KML06 was analyzed.

FMO rewires metabolism to promote longevity through tryptophan and one carbon metabolism in C. elegans.

Flavin containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are promiscuous enzymes known for metabolizing a wide range of exogenous compounds. In C. elegans, fmo-2 expression increases lifespan and healthspan downstream of multiple longevity-promoting pathways through an unknown mechanism.

Effects of an emotional regulation program on maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, stress, anxiety, and postpartum depression among South Korean mothers of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)-based emotional regulation program for mothers of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Methods: The study utilized a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Seventeen mothers were recruited for the experimental group and 21 mothers for the control group.

Neural Substrates of Aphasia in Acute Left Hemispheric Stroke Using Voxel-Based Lesion-symptom Brain Mapping.

It is unclear how these brain lesions fit into the language processing in acute stroke. In this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroanatomical lesion related to language processing in acute stage of stroke patients using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM). 73 acute first-ever post-stroke patients were enrolled in this retrospective study, who had undertaken brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Korean version of the Western Aphasia Test within 1 month from onset.

Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN trial): 10-year follow-up of an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Laparoscopic surgery has been widely used for rectal cancer; however, its long-term outcomes remain controversial. This study aimed to assess the long-term oncological safety of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer using 10-year follow-up data of the Comparison of Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low REctal cancer After Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN) trial.

Methods: The COREAN trial is a, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

An alternative food source for metabolism and longevity studies in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Caenorhabditis elegans is an instrumental research model used to advance our knowledge in areas including development, metabolism, and aging. However, research on metabolism and/or other measures of health/aging are confounded by the nematode's food source in the lab, live E. coli bacteria.

Effect of immune-enhancing enteral nutrition formula enriched with plant-derived -3 fatty acids on natural killer cell activity in rehabilitation patients.

Background/objectives: Enteral nutrition formulas with immune-enhancing nutrients, such as -3 fatty acids, may manage patients' nutritional status and pathophysiological processes. The aim of our study was to investigate natural killer (NK) cell activity alterations and related cytokine changes resulting from feeding with soybean oil-containing enteral nutrition formula (control group) and plant-derived -3 fatty acid-enriched enteral nutrition formula.

Subjects/methods: Subjects participated for 14 consecutive days and consumed enteral formula containing canola and flaxseed oil (n3EN, test group) in nonsurgical patients hospitalized for rehabilitation.

Risk Factors for Asymptomatic Colon Diverticulosis.

Backgrounds/aims: The etiology of colon diverticulosis is related to a range of genetic, biological, and environmental factors, but the risk factors for asymptomatic diverticulosis of the colon are unclear. This study examined the risk factors for asymptomatic colon diverticulosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included examinees who underwent a colonoscopy for screening at the health check-up center of SAM Hospital between January 2016 and December 2016.

Effects of Cerebrolysin® in Patients With Minimally Conscious State After Stroke: An Observational Retrospective Clinical Study.

The neurotrophic drug Cerebrolysin is composed of low-molecular-weight peptides and amino acids and has been shown to have neuroprotective and neuroplastic properties. Cerebrolysin has been reported to promote the recovery of motor functions in central nervous system disorders; however, the effects on the consciousness improvements in post-stroke patients have not yet been studied extensively. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effectiveness of Cerebrolysin on improving the consciousness level of stroke patients with minimally conscious state (MCS).

Role of hemoglobin in hemoglobin-based remediation of the crude oil-contaminated soil.

This study investigated the changes in the indigenous microbial community structure with hemoglobin (Hb) application to determine the role of Hb in Hb-based remediation of crude oil-contaminated soil. The phylogenetic diversity of the bacterial community showed that the Hb addition selected surfactants-producing species, thereby, promoting TPH degradation. The significant increase in the CO generation, which can be related to the increase in the bacterial abundance inferred from the 16S rRNA gene copy number, supports the enhanced TPH degradation with Hb application.

Forecasting new product diffusion using both patent citation and web search traffic.

Accurate demand forecasting for new technology products is a key factor in the success of a business. We propose a way to forecasting a new product's diffusion through technology diffusion and interest diffusion. Technology diffusion and interest diffusion are measured by the volume of patent citations and web search traffic, respectively.

Extracellular vesicles from KSHV-infected endothelial cells activate the complement system.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by cells, are associated with cell-to-cell communication and regulate various cellular processes. EVs draw parallels with viruses for their similar structures and functions. Increasing evidences from recent studies indicate that cells infected with viruses release a variety of EVs.

Protective efficacy of a Typhimurium ghost vaccine candidate constructed with a recombinant lysozyme-PMAP36 fusion protein in a murine model.

A Typhimurium ghost vaccine was constructed with the use of a recombinant fusion protein consisting of lysozyme and porcine myeloid antimicrobial peptide 36 expressed by the overexpression system. After confirmation of its effectiveness by transmission electron microscopy the vaccine was evaluated in a murine model. Of the 60 BALB/c mice equally divided into 4 groups, group A mice were intramuscularly inoculated with 100 μL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline, and the mice in groups B, C, and D were intramuscularly inoculated with approximately 1.

Visual Evoked Potential Using Head-Mounted Display Versus Cathode Ray Tube: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To present a new stimulation method based on the use of a head-mounted display (HMD) during pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PR-VEP) testing and to compare variables of HMD to those of conventional cathode ray tube (CRT).

Methods: Twenty-three normal subjects without visual problems were recruited. PR-VEPs were generated using CRT or HMD stimuli.

Intraventricular Sialidase Administration Enhances GM1 Ganglioside Expression and Is Partially Neuroprotective in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Preclinical and clinical studies have previously shown that systemic administration of GM1 ganglioside has neuroprotective and neurorestorative properties in Parkinson's disease (PD) models and in PD patients. However, the clinical development of GM1 for PD has been hampered by its animal origin (GM1 used in previous studies was extracted from bovine brains), limited bioavailability, and limited blood brain barrier penetrance following systemic administration.

Objective: To assess an alternative therapeutic approach to systemic administration of brain-derived GM1 to enhance GM1 levels in the brain via enzymatic conversion of polysialogangliosides into GM1 and to assess the neuroprotective potential of this approach.

Ultrasound-guided myofascial trigger point injection into brachialis muscle for rotator cuff disease patients with upper arm pain: a pilot study.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of trigger point injection into brachialis muscle for rotator cuff disease patients with upper arm pain.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, and single-blinded clinical pilot trial was performed at university rehabilitation hospital. Twenty-one patients clinically diagnosed with rotator cuff disease suspected of having brachialis myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) were randomly allocated into two groups.

Comparison of ultrasound-guided anterior and posterior approaches for needle insertion into the tibialis posterior in hemiplegic children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective: Although the tibialis posterior is a potentially difficult muscle to locate for botulinum toxin injection because of its deep location, needle insertion is usually performed using anatomic landmarks for guidance. Accordingly, the ultrasonographic anatomy of the lower leg was investigated in hemiplegic children with spastic cerebral palsy to improve the safety and the accuracy of needle placement into the tibialis posterior.

Design: Twenty-five subjects (2 yrs 2 mos to 5 yrs 11 mos; 12 boys, 13 girls; Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I-II) were recruited.

Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid-rectal or low-rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN trial): survival outcomes of an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Compared with open resection, laparoscopic resection of rectal cancers is associated with improved short-term outcomes, but high-level evidence showing similar long-term outcomes is scarce. We aimed to compare survival outcomes of laparoscopic surgery with open surgery for patients with mid-rectal or low-rectal cancer.

Methods: The Comparison of Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid or low REctal cancer After Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN) trial was an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial done between April 4, 2006, and Aug 26, 2009, at three centres in Korea.

Clinical features and associated abnormalities in children and adolescents with corpus callosal anomalies.

Callosal anomalies are frequently associated with other central nervous system (CNS) and/or somatic anomalies. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of corpus callosal agenesis/hypoplasia accompanying other CNS and/or somatic anomalies. We reviewed the imaging and clinical information of patients who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging in our hospital, between 2005 and 2012.

Prognostic impact of circumferential resection margin in rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Background: The circumferential resection margin (CRM) is a strong prognostic factor in rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between CRM distance and recurrence in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods: We analyzed data for 561 patients who underwent preoperative CRT and curative surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer between August 2001 and December 2008.

Importance of Early Follow-up Colonoscopy in Patients at High Risk for Colorectal Polyps.

Purpose: Minimizing the polyp miss rate during colonoscopy is important for patients at high risk for colorectal polyps. We investigated the polyp miss rate and the factors associated with it in high-risk patients.

Methods: The medical records of 163 patients who underwent follow-up colonoscopy between January 2001 and April 2010, which was within 9 months after a polypectomy, because the index colonoscopy had shown multiple (more than 3) adenomas or advanced adenoma were retrospectively reviewed.

Serpin B5 is a CEA-interacting biomarker for colorectal cancer.

Serpin B5 is a candidate tumour suppressor, but its oncogenic activity has also been reported. Its function may be affected by protein interactions. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serpin B5 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Comparison of peristomal adhesion formation between laparoscopic and open low anterior resection of rectal cancer.

Background: Postoperative adhesions appear to be less common following laparoscopic surgery than after conventional open surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of laparoscopic and conventional open rectal surgery on peristomal adhesion formation.

Methods: We enrolled 97 subjects who were participants in a trial comparing open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid and low rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.