Publications by authors named "Hyo Gun Kim"
Article Synopsis
- Preclinical models reveal that muscle wasting mechanisms vary between different lung cancer types (LP07 vs. LLC), with LP07 causing significant muscle weakness.
- Tumor growth in LP07 resulted in reduced ribosomal RNA transcription and distinct increases in anabolic-related mRNA, unlike LLC, which showed a different set of inflammatory markers.
- Both models exhibited similar overall muscle mass loss, but the signaling pathways diverged at the mTOR level, highlighting unique tumor-specific effects on muscle wasting.
We investigated the impact of tumor burden on muscle wasting in metastatic (m) and xenograft (x) models of colorectal cancer (CRC). Male Nod SCID γ and CD2F1 mice were injected subcutaneously or intrasplenically with HCT116 or C26 tumor cells, respectively. CRC tumors resulted in significant muscle wasting regardless of tumor type or model, although muscle loss was exacerbated in mHCT116 hosts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemotherapy agents reduce protein synthesis and ribosomal capacity in myotubes independent of oxidative stress.
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol
December 2021
Article Synopsis
- Chemotherapeutic agents (CAs) are effective against many cancers but can lead to muscle loss through mechanisms that are not fully understood.
- Research found that oxidative stress in muscle cells impaired protein synthesis by affecting ribosomal RNA levels, though it did not stop the transcription of rRNA genes.
- Exposure to certain CAs also decreased protein synthesis and ribosomal RNA levels, but they did this primarily by reducing transcription of rDNA, indicating that CAs negatively impact protein synthesis in both oxidative stress-dependent and independent ways.
Article Synopsis
- Muscle wasting in cancer is linked to decreased protein synthesis due to reduced ribosomal capacity, which is determined by rDNA transcription.
- In a preclinical ovarian cancer model, significant muscle weight loss was observed alongside a decrease in both rDNA transcription and ribosomal capacity.
- The study found that while certain autophagy processes can affect ribosomal components, the primary issue in muscle protein synthesis impairment lies in reduced rDNA transcription, highlighting its importance in cancer-induced muscle wasting.
Regulation of Ribosome Biogenesis During Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.
Exerc Sport Sci Rev
April 2019
An increase in ribosomal capacity is a hallmark of the hypertrophying muscle. We review evidence demonstrating that transcription of ribosomal RNA genes is necessary for the increase in ribosomal capacity, and this is critical for muscle growth in human and animal models of hypertrophy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Decline in muscle endurance and strength as well as attenuated cardiac function with aging not only leads to overall physical function decline but also has a close relationship with cardiovascular disease occurrence. This study examined the effects of an 8-week combined training program (i.e.
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