Impact of bariatric surgery on cytochrome P 450 enzyme activity.

Bariatric surgeries are becoming more prevalent as obesity rates continue to rise. Being that it is an effective weight-loss procedure, it can induce significant anatomical, physiological, and metabolic alterations, which affect the pharmacokinetics of various medications. Cytochrome (CYP) P450 is a group of enzymes that are primarily responsible for metabolizing most medications.

Education for Tobacco Use Disorder Treatment: Current State, Evidence, and Unmet Needs.

Background: Tobacco use is undertreated in the medical setting. One driver may be inadequate tobacco use disorder treatment (TUDT) training for clinicians in specialties treating tobacco-dependent patients.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the current state of TUDT training for diverse professionals and how these skills are assessed in credentialing exams.

Effects of bariatric surgery on drug pharmacokinetics-Preclinical studies.

With the rising worldwide obesity rates, bariatric surgeries are increasing. Although the surgery offers an effective treatment option for weight loss, the procedure causes dramatic physiological and metabolic changes. Animal models in rodents provide a valuable tool for studying the systemic effects of the surgery.

A Longitudinal Integrative Course Series to Prepare Students for Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences.

: This paper describes a series of integrative courses intentionally designed to prepare students for Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) in a block system curriculum. : Three integration blocks are interspersed throughout the didactic curriculum to serve as checkpoints to ensure competency as students progress in the curriculum, rather than waiting until the end to determine competency. Complex patient case discussions and a series of high-stakes assessments are used to reinforce and evaluate cumulative retention of knowledge, skills, and attitudes.

Multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis: a description of current reports.

Background: We reviewed the epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical presentations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM), then discussed the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment facilitated by multidisciplinary approach.

Main Body: India has reported world's highest number of CAM cases where was the most predominant etiology. CAM caused by was the most common from the rest of the world.

Assessing Outcomes Between Risperidone Microspheres and Paliperidone Palmitate Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics Among Veterans.

Background: Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIAs) are integral for managing schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar I disorder among veterans. Studies comparing LAIAs, such as risperidone microspheres and paliperidone palmitate, are limited. The primary objective of our study was to compare the number of psychiatric hospitalizations among veterans initiated on risperidone microspheres and those taking paliperidone palmitate pre- and post-LAIA initiation.

Initiating Pharmacologic Treatment in Tobacco-Dependent Adults. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline.

Current tobacco treatment guidelines have established the efficacy of available interventions, but they do not provide detailed guidance for common implementation questions frequently faced in the clinic. An evidence-based guideline was created that addresses several pharmacotherapy-initiation questions that routinely confront treatment teams. Individuals with diverse expertise related to smoking cessation were empaneled to prioritize questions and outcomes important to clinicians.

Learning Outcomes and Student Preferences with Flipped vs Lecture/Case Teaching Model in a Block Curriculum.

To assess the impact of using a flipped classroom instructional approach on Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students' learning outcomes and instructional preferences in a pharmacotherapy course within a block curriculum. Select topics in a gastrointestinal and liver pharmacotherapy course were taught using a flipped classroom method that required students to view lecture modules and respond to self-assessment questions prior to class. Classroom time included quizzes, application exercises, and discussion.

Triple strength utility of the Modified Drug Adherence Work-Up (M-DRAW) tool in a veterans affairs outpatient diabetes clinic.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the M-DRAW tool and to examine its applicability and utility at a primary clinic setting in patients with diabetes.

Methods: A prospective, pre-post interview design study was conducted at the VA Loma Linda Health System (VALLHS) from 03/2017-03/2018. Eligibility criteria consisted of English-speaking patrons who were 18 years and older, diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, residing in non-institutional setting, and having 1 + prescriptions for diabetes.

Designing professional program instruction to align with students' cognitive processing.

Background And Purpose: In health professional programs, training for educators in instructional design is sparse and may be absent altogether. Implementing evidence-based, systematic instructional design can improve pharmacy curricula. This paper describes Gagné's instructional design model which is particularly effective because the instructional steps align with learners' cognitive processes.