Using Radiology as a Screening Tool to Identify Intimate Partner Violence.

Objective: To identify imaging utilization patterns and radiologically evident injuries suggestive of intimate partner violence (IPV).

Methods: This retrospective case-control study analyzed historical imaging reports from women reporting physical IPV between 2013 and 2018 ("cases"; n = 265; 6,401 imaging studies) and age- and race-matched controls not reporting IPV (n = 875; 13,462 imaging studies). Adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) were calculated using Poisson regression to compare imaging utilization by organ system or modality.

Quantification of normal bone and osseous metastases in castration-resistant prostate cancer using SPECT/CT with xSPECT Quant: prospective imaging sub-study of a phase 2 clinical trial investigating the combination of pembrolizumab plus radium-223 compared to radium-223 alone.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the consistency and reproducibility of quantitative SPECT/CT by evaluating the maximum SUV (SUV) in normal bone, to provide the reference value of metastatic lesions, and to evaluate the clinical implication of SUV changes of osseous metastasis during treatment.

Material And Methods: This prospective imaging sub-study was performed as part of a phase 2 clinical trial of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) randomized to the combination of pembrolizumab plus radium-223 or to radium-223 alone (NCT03093428). The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) and mean Hounsfield Unit (HU) of normal bone as well as metastases were measured using a 1.

Incidence of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity among patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancies: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aim to assess the pooled incidence of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) in clinical trials and real-world studies of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancy and compare the incidences among different agents.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched for clinical trials and real-world studies. An inverse-variance weighting model was used to calculate pooled incidences and subgroup analyses.

Cumulative Blood Pressure Load and Incident CKD.

Rationale & Objective: The association of long-term cumulative blood pressure (BP) loads with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a matter of debate. This study investigated this association among healthy Korean adults with normal kidney function.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

The Association of Smoking Status with Diabetic Microvascular Complications in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Purpose: Few studies have investigated the association between smoking and microvascular complications in the Asian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the relationship between smoking status and microvascular complications in Korean patients with T2DM.

Materials And Methods: From the Korean National Diabetes Program cohort, we included 2316 Korean male with T2DM who had baseline clinical information available, including their smoking status, and underwent diabetic complication studies.

Adiponectin-to-leptin ratio and incident chronic kidney disease: Sex and body composition-dependent association.

Background: The association between the adiponectin-to-leptin ratio (A/L ratio) and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between A/L ratio and the risk of incident CKD and to examine whether such a relationship varied according to sex and body composition.

Methods: In this prospective community-based cohort, participants with normal kidney function were analysed (N = 5192).

Association of secondhand smoke with fracture risk in community-dwelling nonsmoking adults in Korea.

Although the detrimental effects of active smoking on bone health have been widely recognized, the impact of secondhand smoke exposure on fracture risk in non-smokers remains less understood. A total of 4843 nonsmokers aged 40-69 yr, who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study from 2001 to 2018, were analyzed. The participants were categorized into two groups based on their exposure status to secondhand smoke: currently exposed and unexposed.

Impact of diabetes distress on glycemic control and diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The effect of diabetes distress on glycemic control and its association with diabetes complications is still poorly understood. We aimed to study the clinical features of patients with high diabetes distress, focusing on changes in glycemic control and risk of diabetic complications. From the Korean National Diabetes Program data, we investigated 1862 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who completed diabetic complication studies and the Korean version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey (PAID-K).

Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Specific Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses and Breakthrough Infection following BNT162b2/BNT162b2/BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1/ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 Vaccination: A Prospective Cohort in Naive Healthcare Workers.

Assessing immune responses post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is crucial for optimizing vaccine strategies. This prospective study aims to evaluate immune responses and breakthrough infection in 235 infection-naïve healthcare workers up to 13-15 months after initial vaccination in two vaccine groups (108 BNT/BNT/BNT and 127 ChAd/ChAd/BNT). Immune responses were assessed using the interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, total immunoglobulin, and neutralizing activity through surrogate virus neutralization test at nine different time points.

Age-Dependent Association of Height Loss with Incident Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Korean Women.

Backgruound: Height loss is a simple clinical measure associated with increased fracture risk. However, limited data exists on the association between height loss and fracture risk in postmenopausal Korean women. It is unknown whether this association varies with age.

Artificial Intelligence in Gastric Cancer Imaging With Emphasis on Diagnostic Imaging and Body Morphometry.

Gastric cancer remains a significant global health concern, coercing the need for advancements in imaging techniques for ensuring accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potent tool for gastric-cancer imaging, particularly for diagnostic imaging and body morphometry. This review article offers a comprehensive overview of the recent developments and applications of AI in gastric cancer imaging.

Advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy: tumor response dynamics as a marker for survival.

Objectives: The study investigated tumor burden dynamics on computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, to provide imaging markers for overall survival (OS).

Methods: The study included 133 patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy. Serial CT scans during therapy were assessed for tumor burden dynamics during therapy, which were studied for the association with OS.

Clinicopathologic, Genomic, and Immunophenotypic Landscape of ATM Mutations in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: ATM is the most commonly mutated DNA damage and repair gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, limited characterization has been pursued.

Experimental Design: Clinicopathologic, genomic, and treatment data were collected for 5,172 patients with NSCLC tumors which underwent genomic profiling. ATM IHC was performed on 182 NSCLCs with ATM mutations.

Comparison of humoral and cellular immune responses between ChAd-BNT heterologous vaccination and BNT-BNT homologous vaccination following the third BNT dose: A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The differential immune responses after two additional BNT162b2 (BNT) booster doses between ChAdOx1 nCoV-10 (ChAd)-primed and BNT-primed groups have not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to compare vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses and evaluate breakthrough infection between the two vaccination strategies.

Methods: In 221 healthy subjects (111 in the ChAd group), longitudinal immune responses were monitored at 3, 4, and 6 months after the 2nd dose and 1, 3, and 6 months after the 3rd dose.

Imaging Findings on Head Computed Tomography Scans in Victims of Intimate Partner Violence.

Objective: The aim of the study is to analyze the imaging findings and injury patterns seen on head computed tomography (CT) examinations performed on survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV).

Methods: An institutional review board-approved retrospective analysis of 668 patients reporting IPV to our institution's violence intervention and prevention program between January 2013 and June 2018 identified 40 unique patients with radiological findings visible on head CT. All injuries visible on head CT were analyzed based on the anatomic location and injury type.

Clinicopathologic and Genomic Factors Impacting Efficacy of First-Line Chemoimmunotherapy in Advanced NSCLC.

Introduction: Although programmed cell death protein 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade in combination with platinum-doublet chemotherapy has become a mainstay of first-line treatment for advanced NSCLC, factors associated with efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) are not well characterized.

Methods: In this multicenter retrospective analysis, clinicopathologic and genomic data were collected from patients with advanced NSCLC (lacking sensitizing genomic alterations in EGFR and ALK) and evaluated with clinical outcomes to first-line CIT.

Results: Among 1285 patients treated with CIT, a worsening performance status and increasing derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the blood were associated with a significantly reduced objective response rate (ORR), median progression-free survival (mPFS), and median overall survival (mOS).

Interim Positron Emission Tomography During Frontline Chemoimmunotherapy for Follicular Lymphoma.

While most patients with follicular lymphoma (FL) have excellent outcomes with frontline chemoimmunotherapy (CIT), a subset of patients will experience early progression, which is associated with poor subsequent outcomes. Novel biomarkers are needed to identify high-risk patients earlier. We hypothesized that interim positron emission tomography (PET) would predict progression-free survival (PFS) in this population.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Sarcopenia and Carotid Plaque Progression Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: We aimed to evaluate whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with or without sarcopenia is associated with progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We investigated 852 T2DM patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and carotid artery ultrasonography at baseline and repeated carotid ultrasonography after 6 to 8 years. NAFLD was confirmed by abdominal ultrasonography, and sarcopenia was defined as a sex-specific skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) value <2 standard deviations below the mean for healthy young adults.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Somatostatin Receptor PET Imaging and Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy.

Recently, advancement of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) imaging and theragnostic approach using peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) have changed the paradigm of diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine tumor. 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT can diagnose the lung carcinoids with high SSTR expression. With combination of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT, tumor heterogeneity of lung carcinoid can be identified, which may guide optimal patient selection for PRRT.

Molecular imaging in oncology: Common PET/CT radiopharmaceuticals and applications.

PET/CT is a commonly used modality in cancer imaging, as it can help in diagnosis, staging and assessment of treatment response in many cancer types. A better understanding of the tumor microenvironment and identification of multiple selective targets are promoting further investigation into different radiotracers for diagnosis and therapy. In the past few decades many radiopharmaceuticals have emerged for specific oncologic indications providing superior detection rate than some morphologic modalities.

Imaging patterns of thoracic injuries in survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV).

Purpose: To recognize the imaging patterns of thoracic injuries in survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective radiological review of 688 patients self-reporting IPV to our institution's violence intervention and prevention program between January 2013 and June 2018 identified 30 patients with 89 thoracic injuries. Imaging and demographic data were collected.

Minimal residual disease in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation.

Improved biomarkers are required to guide the optimal use of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We hypothesized that minimal residual disease (MRD) identified using immunoglobulin high-throughput sequencing in apheresis stem cell (ASC) samples, post-ASCT peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), and plasma samples could predict relapse. We studied 159 patients with R/R DLBCL who underwent ASCT, of whom 98 had an ASC sample and 60 had post-ASCT surveillance samples.