Tc-DMSA and Tc-DTPA identified renal dysfunction due to microplastic polyethylene in murine model.

In the previous study (Im et al., 2022), we revealed microplastic (MP) was accumulated and cleared through the kidneys via PET imaging. Here, we aimed to identify the renal dysfunction due to polyethylene (PE) MP in the kidney tissue.

Microplastic polyethylene induced inner ear dysfunction in murine model.

While the hazardous effects of microplastics (MPs) are increasingly reported, it remains uncertain if MPs induce inner ear dysfunction. Nonetheless, prevalence of inner ear dysfunction was observed across all age groups. In this study, we investigated whether MP polyethylene affect inner ear function in a murine model.

Prenatal to peripubertal exposure to Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induced endometrial atrophy and fibrosis in female mice.

Di(2-ethylhexy) phthalate (DEHP) is a widely used plasticizer that is ubiquitously found in the environment. Using a mouse model, we investigated the impact of early life DEHP exposure ranging from the prenatal to peripubertal developmental period of the female reproductive system. Pregnant female mice were allocated to three groups as follows: control, 100 mg/kg/day, and 500 mg/kg/day DEHP treatment.

Correlation between the Cation Disorders of Fe and Li in P3-Type Na[Li(FeMn)]O for Sodium Ion Batteries.

Various Fe-based layered oxide materials have received attention as promising cathode materials for sodium ion batteries because of their low cost and high specific capacity. Only a few P3-type Fe-based oxide materials, however, have been examined as cathodes because the synthesis of highly crystalline P3-type Fe-based oxides is not facile. For this reason, the structural merits of the P3 structure are not yet fully understood.

Enhanced ASGR2 by microplastic exposure leads to resistance to therapy in gastric cancer.

Microplastics (MPs) are a new global environmental threat. Previously, we showed the biodistribution of MPs using [Cu] polystyrene (PS) and PET in mice. Here, we aimed to identify whether PS exposure has malignant effects on the stomach and induces resistance to therapy.

Pre/post-natal exposure to microplastic as a potential risk factor for autism spectrum disorder.

In common with the increase in environmental pollution in the past 10 years, there has also been a recent increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this regard, we hypothesized that exposure to microplastics is a potential risk factor for ASD. To evaluate the validity of this hypothesis, we initially examined the accumulation of polyethylene (PE) in the brains of mice and then assessed the behavioral effects using mouse models at different life stages, namely, prenatal, post-weaning, puberty, and adult models.

Diacerein, an inhibitor of IL-1β downstream mediated apoptosis, improves radioimmunotherapy in a mouse model of Burkitt's lymphoma.

Lymphoma has the characteristics of a solid tumor. Penetration of monoclonal antibodies is limited in solid tumors during radioimmunotherapy (RIT). Here, we first investigated the use of diacerein (DIA) as a combination drug to improve the penetration and therapeutic efficacy of I-rituximab (RTX) using the Burkitt's lymphoma mouse model.

Correlation of ACE2 with RAS components after Losartan treatment in light of COVID-19.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an important factor in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) interactions. Losartan (LOS) belongs to the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) family. Additionally, the protective role of ACE2 restored by LOS has been suggested and clinically examined in the treatment of COVID-19 patients.

Tumor treating fields can effectively overcome trastuzumab resistant breast cancer multiplication.

The Human Epidermal Growth Receptor 2, or the HER2 is one of the highest expressed negative receptor that constitutes approximately 15-20% of malevolent breast cancerous tumors among women. The prevalence of HER2 has untimely and unfavorable consequences on breast cancer, and its underlying carcinomous cell processes, structures, and growth. Trastuzumab (TRZ), a humanized antibody that is rooted in relatively recent foundations, has been found operational in its construction of treatments against HER2-positive breast cancer.

PET Tracing of Biodistribution for Orally Administered Cu-Labeled Polystyrene in Mice.

Plastics are used commonly in the world because of their convenience and cost effectiveness. Microplastics, an environmental threat and human health risk, are widely detected in food and consequently ingested. However, degraded plastics are found everywhere, creating an environmental threat and human health risk.

Relaxin-expressing oncolytic adenovirus induces remodeling of physical and immunological aspects of cold tumor to potentiate PD-1 blockade.

Background: Currently, several antibody (Ab)-based therapies have shown excellent therapeutic effects in the clinic. Nonetheless, Ab penetration into tumor tissues is limited due to abnormal vasculature, tumor interstitial pressure, and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, thus demanding novel strategies to overcome these barriers.

Methods: The intratumoral distribution of therapeutic Abs were detected by fluorescence microscopy or positron emission tomography in both human gastric xenograft and syngeneic pancreatic hamster tumor models.

Rapid and mass-producible synthesis of high-crystallinity MoSe nanosheets by ampoule-loaded chemical vapor deposition.

MoSe is an attractive transition-metal dichalcogenide with a two-dimensional layered structure and various attractive properties. Although MoSe is a promising negative electrode material for electrochemical applications, further investigation of MoSe has been limited, mainly by the lack of MoSe mass-production methods. Here, we report a rapid and ultra-high-yield synthesis method of obtaining MoSe nanosheets with high crystallinity and large grains by ampoule-loaded chemical vapor deposition.

Combination Radioimmunotherapy Strategies for Solid Tumors.

Combination radioimmunotherapy is an emerging approach for the treatment of solid tumors where radio immunotherapy alone has proven to be reasonably ineffective. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) labeled with radionuclides is an attractive approach for cancer treatment because tumor-associated mAbs with cytotoxic radionuclides can selectively bind to tumor antigens. However, due to various limitations, mAbs cannot reach solid tumors, consequently reducing RIT efficacy.

Comparison between Fractionated Dose and Single Dose of Cu-64 Trastuzumab Therapy in the NCI-N87 Gastric Cancer Mouse Model.

For optimum radioimmunotherapy (RIT), deep penetration and uniform distribution into the tumor core is important. The solid tumor microenvironment, consisting of a highly fibrotic or desmoplastic tumor, abnormal tumor vasculature, high fluid pressure, and the absence of fluid lymphatics, limits the distribution of monoclonal antibodies mAbs to the tumor core. To investigate the optimal rationale for therapeutic mAbs administration and the microdistribution of mAbs, single and serial fractional dosage regimens of Cu-64-trastuzumab (TRZ) with paclitaxel were evaluated.

Measurement of Tumor Pressure and Strategies of Imaging Tumor Pressure for Radioimmunotherapy.

Tumor interstitial pressure is a fundamental feature of cancer biology. Elevation in tumor pressure affects the efficacy of cancer treatment and results in the heterogenous intratumoral distribution of drugs and macromolecules. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) play a prominent role in cancer therapy and molecular nuclear imaging.

Effects of Various Hybrid Carbon Matrices on the ZnSe Composite Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Zinc selenide-based hybrid carbon composites were synthesized by a high-energy mechanical milling process under an Ar atmosphere. The as-synthesized ZnSe-based carbon composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. First, we examined the effect of single-component carbon matrices on the electrochemical performance of ZnSe.

Selection Criteria for Determination of Optimal Reconstruction Method for Cu-64 Trastuzumab Dosimetry on Siemens Inveon PET Scanner.

The goal of this study was to suggest criteria for the determination of the optimal image reconstruction algorithm for image-based dosimetry of Cu-64 trastuzumab PET in a mouse model. Image qualities, such as recovery coefficient (RC), spill-over ratio (SOR), and non-uniformity (NU), were measured according to National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) NU4-2008. Mice bearing a subcutaneous tumor ( 200   mm 3 , HER2 NCI N87) were injected with monoclonal antibodies (trastuzumab) with Cu-64.

Genetic analysis of a novel antioxidant multi-target iron chelator, M30 protecting against chemotherapy-induced alopecia in mice.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced alopecia has been well documented as a cause of distress to patients undergoing cancer treatment. Almost all traditional chemotherapeutic agents cause severe alopecia. Despite advances in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced alopecia, there is no effective treatment for preventing chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

Functional Biological Activity of Sorafenib as a Tumor-Treating Field Sensitizer for Glioblastoma Therapy.

Glioblastoma, the most common primary brain tumor in adults, is an incurable malignancy with poor short-term survival and is typically treated with radiotherapy along with temozolomide. While the development of tumor-treating fields (TTFields), electric fields with alternating low and intermediate intensity has facilitated glioblastoma treatment, clinical outcomes of TTFields are reportedly inconsistent. However, combinatorial administration of chemotherapy with TTFields has proven effective for glioblastoma patients.

Facile and Scalable Preparation of a MoS₂/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Anode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries: Effects of Carbon Nanotube Content.

To investigate the effects of carbon nanotube content on the electrochemical performance in MoS₂/CNT nanocomposite, a simple high-energy mechanical milling method was employed to prepare nanocomposites from MoS₂ and CNT. Prepared with a one-step, 24-h ball-milling method, the MoS₂/CNT nanocomposite showed improved performance in terms of specific capacity after 70 cycles when compared to pure MoS₂. In addition, upon studying the effects of the weight ratio between MoS₂ and the CNTs at (1:2), (1:1), and (2:1), we found the MoS₂/CNT-(1:2) showed the highest specific capacity (~765 mAh g) after 70 cycles and the best rate capability due to increased conductivity.

Role of extracellular matrix and microenvironment in regulation of tumor growth and LAR-mediated invasion in glioblastoma.

The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of primary brain cancer, depends critically on the migration patterns after surgery and intracellular responses of the individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical cues in the microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that miR-451 regulates downstream molecules including AMPK/CAB39/MARK and mTOR to determine the balance between rapid proliferation and invasion in response to metabolic stress in the harsh tumor microenvironment. Surgical removal of the main tumor is inevitably followed by recurrence of the tumor due to inaccessibility of dispersed tumor cells in normal brain tissue.

Comparative Study of Mechanically Milled MoS₂ and MoSe₂ in Graphite Matrix as Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Nanocomposites of MoS2/graphite and MoSe2/graphite were formed from two-dimensional materials (MoS2 and MoSe2) and graphite using a one-step ball-milling method (high energy mechanical milling, HEMM). As anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), these nanocomposites showed higher specific capacity and greater stability during long cyclic operation compared to their pure counterparts (MoS2 and MoSe2). X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy revealed that graphite nanoflakes were effectively exfoliated and covered MoS2 or MoSe2 layers to form homogeneous nanostructures via HEMM.

Strategies of eradicating glioma cells: a multi-scale mathematical model with MiR-451-AMPK-mTOR control.

The cellular dispersion and therapeutic control of glioblastoma, the most aggressive type of primary brain cancer, depends critically on the migration patterns after surgery and intracellular responses of the individual cancer cells in response to external biochemical and biomechanical cues in the microenvironment. Recent studies have shown that a particular microRNA, miR-451, regulates downstream molecules including AMPK and mTOR to determine the balance between rapid proliferation and invasion in response to metabolic stress in the harsh tumor microenvironment. Surgical removal of main tumor is inevitably followed by recurrence of the tumor due to inaccessibility of dispersed tumor cells in normal brain tissue.