Molecular Engineering of Photosensitizers for Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Recent Developments and Perspectives.

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a feasible alternative to traditional silicon-based solar cells because of their low cost, eco-friendliness, flexibility, and acceptable device efficiency. In recent years, solid-state DSSCs (ss-DSSCs) have garnered much interest as they can overcome the leakage and evaporation issues of liquid electrolyte systems. However, the poor morphology of solid electrolytes and their interface with photoanodes can minimize the device performance.

Enhanced Photocatalytic Alcohol Oxidation at the Interface of RuC-Coated TiO Nanorod Arrays.

Visible-light-driven organic oxidations carried out under mild conditions offer a sustainable approach to performing chemical transformations important to the chemical industry. This work reports an efficient photocatalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation process using one-dimensional (1D) TiO nanorod (NR)-based photoanodes with surface-adsorbed ruthenium polypyridyl photocatalysts at room temperature. The photocatalyst bis(2,2'-bipyridine)(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine)Ru(II) (RuC) was covalently anchored onto TiO nanorod arrays grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode surfaces (FTO|t-TiO|RuC, = the thickness of TiO NR).

Preliminary Investigation on Vacancy Filling by Small Molecules on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: The Case of a Type-II Absorber.

The steric shielding offered by sensitizers on semiconducting surfaces as a result of branching in the dyes used offers the less utilization of semiconducting substrate sites during device fabrication in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This work proposes a strategy to increase the coverage through the utilization of small molecules which have the ability to penetrate into the sites. The small molecules play the dual role of vacancy filling and sensitization, which can be viewed as an alternative to co-sensitization also.

Cellulose Nanofiber Composite with Bimetallic Zeolite Imidazole Framework for Electrochemical Supercapacitors.

Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and hybrid zeolite imidazole framework (HZ) are an emerging biomaterial and a porous carbonous material, respectively. The composite of these two materials could have versatile physiochemical characteristics. A cellulose nanofiber and cobalt-containing zeolite framework-based composite was prepared using an in-situ and eco-friendly chemical method followed by pyrolysis.

Effect of Water Temperature and Salinity on the Fertilized Egg Development and Larval Development of Sevenband Grouper, Epinephelus septemfasciatus.

The fertilized eggs of E. septemfasciatus are spherical and transparent with buoyancy at 790 to 890 μm (average 821.8±2.

Evaluation of Fertilizing Ability using Frozen Thawed Sperm in the Longtooth Grouper, Epinephelus bruneus.

This study examines the effects on fertilization rate (FR), hatching rate (HR), and normal individual rate after artificial fertilization using frozen thawed sperm according to the cryoprotectant (DMSO) concentration and the period of cryopreserved sperm of longtooth grouper, Epinephelus bruneus. Performing artificial fertilization using frozen-thawed sperm, after freezing the sperm at different DMSO concentration of 5.0%, 7.

Sex Reversal and Masculinization according to Growth in Longtooth Grouper Epinephelus bruneus.

To understand the sex reversal characteristics in the longtooth grouper (Epinephelus bruneus), this study examined the sex reversal and artificial masculinization of wild caught E. bruneus reared in indoor rearing tank after a 17α-methyltestosterone injection. To domesticate a broodstock, 64 wild caught E.

Fish sleeping under sandy bottom: interplay of melatonin and clock genes.

Wrasse species exhibit a definite daily rhythm in locomotor activity and bury themselves in the sand at the bottom of the ocean at night. It remains unclear how their behavior in locomotor activity is endogenously regulated. The aim of the present study was to clarify the involvement of melatonin and clock genes (Per1, Per2, Bmal1, and Cry1) in daily and circadian rhythms of the threespot wrasse, Halichoeres trimaculatus, which is a common species in coral reefs.

Diurnal expression patterns of neurohypophysial hormone genes in the brain of the threespot wrasse Halichoeres trimaculatus.

The aim of this study was to determine the involvement of neurohypophysial hormones in the diurnal patterns of the threespot wrasse Halichoeres trimaculatus, which is common in coral reefs and exhibits daily behavioral periodicity. Prohormone cDNAs of the neurohypophysial peptides, arginine vasotocin (AVT) and isotocin (IT), were cloned by 3'- and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The distribution and expression patterns of pro-AVT and -IT mRNAs in the brain were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively.