Inhibition of Migration and Invasion in Melanoma Cells by β-Escin via the ERK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

β-Escin, a natural triterpene saponin was extracted from Aesculus hippocastanum seeds, which have been widely used to treat inflammation in traditional medicine. In an effort to study the possible anti-tumor effects of β-escin, we performed wound healing, invasion, and adhesion assays to examine the effects of β-escin on cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Our results revealed that β-escin inhibits cell migration as well as motility in B16F10 and SK-MEL5 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Fibroblast-associated tumour microenvironment induces vascular structure-networked tumouroid.

In vitro three-dimensional (3D) tumour models mimic natural cancer tissue in vivo, bridging the gap between conventional 2D in vitro testing and animal models. Stromal and cancer tissues with extracellular matrix (ECM) can provide a tumour microenvironment (TME) with cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM interactions. These interactions induce the exchange of biophysical factors, contributing to the progression, metastasis, and drug resistance of cancer.

Cellular Anti-Melanogenic Effects of a Euryale ferox Seed Extract Ethyl Acetate Fraction via the Lysosomal Degradation Machinery.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Euryale ferox seed extracts (Efse-EA) on melanogenesis in immortalized mouse melanocyte cell line, melan-a. Efse-EA showed strong dose-dependent mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Treatment of melan-a cells with 30 μg/mL Efse-EA produced strong inhibition of cellular tyrosinase and melanin synthesis.