Using 3D Bioprinted Autologous Minimally Manipulated Homologous Adipose Tissue for Limb Salvage in Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcer.

Reconstructive surgeons face challenges when considering limb salvage methods for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). In this article, we present our experience with autologous fat grafting as a viable alternative in cases where flap reconstruction is difficult. We encountered a 78-year-old female patient with a nonhealing DFU who had multiple comorbidities, including renal failure and severe peripheral arterial disease.

Fluorine contamination, mobility, and risks in soils at a phosphate-gypsum waste landfill: a new analytical method and comparison with previous methods.

This study used a new X-ray fluorescence (XRF)-based analytical method with better precision and sensitivity to evaluate the fluorine concentrations in soil. It was hypothesized that the XRF method with a pellet-synthesizing procedure may effectively analyze the fluorine concentrations in soil with ease and reliability. The total fluorine concentrations determined using XRF were compared with those determined using three different types of analytical protocols-incineration/distillation, alkaline fusion, and aqua regia extraction procedures.

Predictors of critical illness among young males with chest pain, abdominal pain, or headaches in the Republic of Korea Army.

Purpose: Chest pain, abdominal pain, and headache are common symptoms associated with critical illness. Here, we aimed to evaluate predictors associated with critical illness in young males of the Republic of Korea Army.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed previously healthy young males with chest pain, abdominal pain, or headaches who visited Armed Forces Seoul District Hospital between January 2019 and December 2020.

Body change stress, sexual function, and marital intimacy in korean patients with breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: A crucial factor influencing the quality of life of patients with breast cancer is marital intimacy, which, along with emotional support, helps them overcome difficult treatments. This study aimed to elucidate and confirm the effects of body change stress and sexual function in marital intimacy.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey on 190 patients with breast cancer.

Cellulose Acetate Phthalate-Based pH-Responsive Cyclosporine A-Loaded Contact Lens for the Treatment of Dry Eye.

Cyclosporine A (CsA) as an eye drop is an effective treatment for dry eye. However, it has potential side effects and a short ocular residence time. To overcome these obstacles, we developed a cellulose acetate phthalate-based pH-responsive contact lens (CL) loaded with CsA (CsA-CL).

A numerical study on the ship-bank interaction at various water depths of a surface ship.

Ship maneuvering in restricted waters is a significant challenge in navigation safety due to the complex flow around the ship. In particular, when a ship travels close to a lateral bank and shallow water, the hydrodynamic interaction forces significantly influence the maneuvering motion of the ship. Maneuverability in restricted water is even more difficult for an autonomous surface ship.

Clinical Comparison of Keratitis according to the Initial Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) Smear: A Retrospective Study in South Korea.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare predisposing factors, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of keratitis according to the result of the initial potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of cases with keratitis between January 2000 and December 2019 at two tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the KOH smear result (KOH-positive and KOH-negative group), and its clinical factors were analyzed.

Adsorption Characteristics of Dimethylated Arsenicals on Iron Oxide-Modified Rice Husk Biochar.

In this study, the adsorption characteristics of dimethylated arsenicals to rice husk biochar (BC) and Fe/biochar composite (FeBC) were assessed through isothermal adsorption experiments and X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis. The maximal adsorption capacities (q) of inorganic arsenate, calculated using the Langmuir isotherm equation, were 1.28 and 6.

Melatonin Type 2 Receptor Activation Regulates Blue Light Exposure-Induced Mouse Corneal Epithelial Damage by Modulating Impaired Autophagy and Apoptosis.

The MT1/2 receptors, members of the melatonin receptor, belong to G protein-coupled receptors and mainly regulate circadian rhythms and sleep in the brain. Previous studies have shown that in many other cells and tissues, such as HEK293T cells and the retina, MT1/2 receptors can be involved in mitochondrial homeostasis, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory responses. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects of blue light (BL) exposure on the expression of melatonin and its receptors in the mouse cornea and to evaluate their functional role in corneal epithelial damage.

New insights into surface behavior of dimethylated arsenicals on montmorillonite using X-ray absorption spectroscopy.

Although recent studies have revealed the occurrence of dimethylated arsenicals, little is known about their behavior in environment. This study investigates the adsorption behavior of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA), and dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA) on montmorillonite. Complicated transformations among arsenicals under normal environmental conditions were also considered.

Experimental and numerical simulation on dynamics of a moored semi-submersible in various wave directions.

A moored floating platform has great potential in ocean engineering applications because the mooring system is necessary to keep a floating platform in the station. It relates directly to operational efficiency and safety of a floating platform. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of a moored semi-submersible in waves by performing model test and numerical simulation.

Comparative analysis of 0.1% cyclosporin A cationic emulsion and 0.05% cyclosporin A emulsion in murine dry eye cases with different severities.

Dry eye (DE), especially severe DE (SDE), can cause ocular surface defects and reduce the patient's quality of life. Several clinical studies have shown that 0.1% cyclosporin A cationic emulsion (CsA CE) could decrease corneal damage.

Effects of eye drops containing a mixture of 3% diquafosol sodium and tocopherol acetate (vitamin E) on the ocular surface of murine dry eye.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of topical application of 3% diquafosol sodium (DQS) and tocopherol (TCP) acetate mixtures in a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE).

Methods: After exposure to desiccating stress for 5 days, eye drops consisting of 3% DQS alone, 0.01% TCP alone, or 3% DQS and 0.

Efficacy of Switching from Cyclosporine A 0.05% Anionic Emulsion to Cyclosporine A 0.1% Cationic Emulsion in Patients with Dry Eye Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of switching from cyclosporine A (CsA) 0.05% anionic emulsion (CsA AE) to CsA 0.1% cationic emulsion (CsA CE) in patients with dry eye (DE) associated with Sjögren's syndrome (SS).

Effects of prolonged use of virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display on visual parameters: a randomised controlled trial.

We investigated the effects of using a virtual reality smartphone-based head-mounted display (VR SHMD) device for 2 h on visual parameters. Fifty-eight healthy volunteers were recruited. The participants played games using VR SHMD or smartphones for 2 h on different days.

Dimethylmonothioarsinic acid and dimethyldithioarsinic acid in the environment: Sorption characteristics on 2-line ferrihydrite and acute toxicity to Daphnia magna.

Dimethylmonothioarsinic acid (DMMTA(V)) and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA(V)), which are commonly found in landfill leachate and pore water of rice paddy soil, have attracted considerable attention for their high toxicity. This study aims to evaluate the behavior and potential risks of DMMTA(V) and DMDTA(V) in the environment by conducting an equilibrium sorption test using 2-line ferrihydrite and acute toxicity (immobilization) test using Daphnia magna. The overall maximum sorption capacity (q) derived by the Langmuir isotherm model showed an increase in the order of inorganic arsenate (As(V)) > dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)) > DMMTA(V) > DMDTA(V), which was likely due to steric hindrance due to the presence of methyl and thiol groups.

Usefulness of virtual reality-based training to diagnose strabismus.

To study the usefulness of virtual reality (VR)-based training for diagnosing strabismus. Fourteen residents in ophthalmology performed at least 30 VR training sessions to diagnose esotropia and exotropia. Examinations of real patients with esotropia or exotropia before and after the VR training were video-recorded and presented to a strabismus expert to assess accuracy and performance scores for measuring the deviation angle and diagnosing strabismus with anonymization.

Blue Light Induces Impaired Autophagy through Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Activation on the Mouse Ocular Surface.

In this study, we investigated the effects of blue light exposure on nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) expression on the mouse ocular surface and evaluated the role of NOD2 activation in light-induced cell death. Mice were divided into wild-type (WT), NOD2-knock out (KO), WT + blue light (WT + BL), and NOD2-KO + blue light (NOD2-KO + BL) groups, and the mice in the WT+BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups were exposed to blue light for 10 days. After 10 days of blue light exposure, increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde were observed in the WT + BL and NOD2-KO + BL groups, and the WT + BL group showed a higher expression of NOD2 and autophagy related 16 like 1.

Topical TRPM8 Agonist for Relieving Neuropathic Ocular Pain in Patients with Dry Eye: A Pilot Study.

Background: Activation of TRPM8, a cold-sensing receptor located on the cornea and eyelid, has the potential to relieve the neuropathic ocular pain (NOP) in dry eye (DE) by inhibiting other aberrant nociceptive inputs. We aimed to investigate the effect of a topical TRPM8 agonist, cryosim-3 (C3), on relieving DE-associated NOP.

Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot study of 15 patients with DE-associated NOP.

Clinical characteristics of dry eye with ocular neuropathic pain features: comparison according to the types of sensitization based on the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey.

Background: To compare the clinical characteristics of dry eye patients with ocular neuropathic pain features according to the types of sensitization based on the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS).

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 33 patients with dry eye and ocular neuropathic pain features. All patients had a comprehensive ophthalmic assessment including detailed history, the intensity and duration of ocular pain, the tear film, ocular surface, and Meibomian gland examination, and OPAS.

Effects of extracts on human corneal epithelial cells and experimental dry eye.

(EJ) leaves have been indicated to exert anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Dry eye disease (DED) is a chronic inflammatory disease and oxidative stress is closely associated with DED. The aim of the present study was to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of EJ in DED using human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells and a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE).

Tear Osmolarity and Matrix Metallopeptidase-9 in Dry Eye Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlations between tear osmolarity and matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) and dry eye (DE) indices in patients with DE associated with Sjögren's syndrome (SS).

Methods: Sixty-three patients with DE associated with SS who underwent tear analysis were included. DE tests performed were ocular surface disease index, tear break-up time, Schirmer's test, ocular staining score, and tear osmolarity and MMP-9 tests.

Influence of virtual reality on visual parameters: immersive versus non-immersive mode.

Background: To investigate the differences in refraction, accommodative factors, visual parameters, and subjective symptoms after using two types of virtual reality (VR) content with different depths of perception.

Methods: Twenty-three volunteers, who played VR games in two modes (immersive and non-immersive) for 30 min, were enrolled. Visual parameters were examined before and after using VR.

Anti-inflammatory effects of glycine thymosin β4 eye drops in experimental dry eye.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of glycine thymosin β4 (Gly-Tβ4) eye drops, and to compare the efficacy of topical Gly-Tβ4 with Cyclosporine A (CsA) in a mouse model of experimental dry eye (EDE). Eye drops consisting of balanced salt solution (BSS), 0.1% Gly-Tβ4 or 0.

Effect of epidermal growth factor ointment on persistent epithelial defects of the cornea.

Background: Healthy corneal epithelium acts as a barrier against damage to the deeper structures in the eye. Failure in the mechanisms of corneal epithelization can lead to persistent epithelial defects of the cornea (PEDs) and can compromise its function. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) promotes the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts during wound healing and may be beneficial in treating patients with PEDs.