Undulatory topographical waves for flow-induced foulant sweeping.

Diverse bioinspired antifouling strategies have demonstrated effective fouling-resistant properties with good biocompatibility, sustainability, and long-term activity. However, previous studies on bioinspired antifouling materials have mainly focused on material aspects or static architectures of nature without serious consideration of kinetic topographies or dynamic motion. Here, we propose a magnetically responsive multilayered composite that can generate coordinated, undulatory topographical waves with controlled length and time scales as a new class of dynamic antifouling materials.

Removal of fine particulate matter (PM) via atmospheric humidity caused by evapotranspiration.

Reduction of particulate matter (PM) has emerged as one of the most significant challenges in public health and environment protection worldwide. To address PM-related problems and effectively remove fine particulate matter (PM), environmentalists proposed tree planting and afforestation as eco-friendly strategies. However, the PM removal effect of plants and its primary mechanism remains uncertain.

Machine learning-based in-line holographic sensing of unstained malaria-infected red blood cells.

Accurate and immediate diagnosis of malaria is important for medication of the infectious disease. Conventional methods for diagnosing malaria are time consuming and rely on the skill of experts. Therefore, an automatic and simple diagnostic modality is essential for healthcare in developing countries that lack the expertise of trained microscopists.

Label-free sensor for automatic identification of erythrocytes using digital in-line holographic microscopy and machine learning.

Cell types of erythrocytes should be identified because they are closely related to their functionality and viability. Conventional methods for classifying erythrocytes are time consuming and labor intensive. Therefore, an automatic and accurate erythrocyte classification system is indispensable in healthcare and biomedical fields.

Focusing and alignment of erythrocytes in a viscoelastic medium.

Viscoelastic fluid flow-induced cross-streamline migration has recently received considerable attention because this process provides simple focusing and alignment over a wide range of flow rates. The lateral migration of particles depends on the channel geometry and physicochemical properties of particles. In this study, digital in-line holographic microscopy (DIHM) is employed to investigate the lateral migration of human erythrocytes induced by viscoelastic fluid flow in a rectangular microchannel.

Hybrid bright-field and hologram imaging of cell dynamics.

Volumetric observation is essential for understanding the details of complex biological phenomena. In this study, a bright-field microscope, which provides information on a specific 2D plane, and a holographic microscope, which provides information spread over 3D volumes, are integrated to acquire two complementary images simultaneously. The developed system was successfully applied to capture distinct T-cell adhesion dynamics on inflamed endothelial layers, including capture, rolling, crawling, transendothelial migration, and subendothelial migration.

Effect of diabetic duration on hemorheological properties and platelet aggregation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus with abnormal glucose concentration is associated with changes in hemorheological properties, endothelial function, and platelets hyperactivity. Disturbances may significantly be responsible for diabetes-related vascular complications. In this study, hemorheological and hemodynamic properties were measured according to diabetic duration after streptozotocin treatment in rats.

Precise measurement of orientations of transparent ellipsoidal particles through digital holographic microscopy.

A method to measure the orientations of transparent ellipsoidal particles using digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is proposed in this study. This approach includes volumetric recording and numerical reconstruction at different depths. Distinctive light scatterings from an ellipsoid with different angles of orientation are analyzed.

Holographic analysis on deformation and restoration of malaria-infected red blood cells by antimalarial drug.

Malaria parasites induce morphological, biochemical, and mechanical changes in red blood cells (RBCs). Mechanical variations are closely related to the deformability of individual RBCs. The deformation of various RBCs, including healthy and malaria-infected RBCs (iRBCs), can be directly observed through quantitative phase imaging (QPI).