Loss of does not affect bone and lean tissue in zebrafish.

Human genetic studies have nominated cadherin-like and PC-esterase domain-containing 1 () as a candidate target gene mediating bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk heritability. Recent efforts to define the role of in bone in mouse and human models have revealed complex alternative splicing and inconsistent results arising from gene targeting, making its function in bone difficult to interpret. To better understand the role of in adult bone mass and morphology, we conducted a comprehensive genetic and phenotypic analysis of in zebrafish, an emerging model for bone and mineral research.

Recurrence-free survival after hepatectomy using propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia and sevoflurane-based inhalational anaesthesia: a randomised controlled study.

Background: While evidence from preclinical and observational cohort studies have suggested potential disparities in tumour behaviour associated with the choice of intra-operative anaesthetics, clinical evidence of tumour recurrence and metastasis remains inconclusive. We aimed to compare the impact of intra-operative anaesthesia on oncologic outcomes following hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: Adult patients scheduled for elective hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma were assigned randomly (1:1) to either propofol-based total intravenous anaesthesia or sevoflurane-based inhalational anaesthesia.

Effects of Exercise on Pain and Disability after Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of postoperative exercise on pain, disability, and quality of life (QoL) after lumbar disc herniation (LDH) surgery.

Design: We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases up to May 2024. Two reviewers independently selected and assessed relevant randomized controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of postoperative exercise after the surgical treatment of patients diagnosed with LDH on low back pain, disability, and QoL assessed using visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36).

Investigating the effect of mindfulness training for stress management in military training: the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and emotional regulation.

Background: Military personnel face an increased risk of developing mental disorders owing to the stressful environments they encounter. Effective stress management strategies are crucial to mitigate this risk. Mindfulness training (MT) is promising as a stress management approach in such demanding settings.

Assessment of correlation between the Modified Schirmer Test and unstimulated salivary flow testing.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and subjects' perception of the Modified Schirmer Test (MST) to the traditional Unstimulated Salivary Flow Test (USFT) when measuring salivary flow rate for screening and monitoring patients' dry mouth.

Methods: A total of 100 subjects were enrolled including subjects with and without dry mouth. All subjects answered a brief self-reported survey about dry mouth before and after the two types of saliva tests and their preference for the type of test administered.

Deacylative Homolysis of Ketone C(sp)-C(sp) Bonds: Streamlining Natural Product Transformations.

The homolytic cleavage of C-C bonds adjacent to specific functional groups has lately emerged as a versatile approach for molecular diversification. Despite the ubiquity and synthetic utility of ketones, radical fragmentation of their α-C-C bonds has proven to be a formidable challenge. Here, we present a broadly applicable deacylative strategy designed to homolytically cleave aliphatic ketones of various complexities, including transformations of cycloalkanones into carboxylic acids tethered to C-centered free radicals that can be engaged in diverse radical-based processes.

Bio-Orchestration of Cellular Organization and Human-Preferred Sensory Texture in Cultured Meat.

For cultured meat to effectively replace traditional meat, it is essential to develop scaffolds that replicate key attributes of real meat, such as taste, nutrition, flavor, and texture. However, one of the significant challenges in replicating meat characteristics with scaffolds lies in the considerable gap between the stiffness preferred by cells and the textural properties desired by humans. To address this issue, we focused on the microscale environment conducive to cell growth and the macro-scale properties favored by humans.

Post-Treatment of Monolayer MoS Field-Effect Transistors with HO Vapor: Alleviation of Remote Channel Doping.

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of high-k dielectric films on MoS channels can lead to inadvertent remote electron doping of channels owing to nonequilibrium ALD conditions, such as the low temperatures and short purge times required for pinhole-free coating, as well as the weak physical adsorption of ALD precursors on MoS. In this study, we propose the application of a simple and effective HO vapor post-treatment (HO PT) at 100 °C immediately after complete integration of bottom- and top-gate monolayer MoS field-effect transistors (FETs), to address the inadvertent channel doping effect. When HO PT was applied to bottom-gate monolayer MoS FETs with an ALD-AlO passivation layer, the mitigation of channel doping was confirmed through electrical and optical measurements.

Image Synthesis in Nuclear Medicine Imaging with Deep Learning: A Review.

Nuclear medicine imaging (NMI) is essential for the diagnosis and sensing of various diseases; however, challenges persist regarding image quality and accessibility during NMI-based treatment. This paper reviews the use of deep learning methods for generating synthetic nuclear medicine images, aimed at improving the interpretability and utility of nuclear medicine protocols. We discuss advanced image generation algorithms designed to recover details from low-dose scans, uncover information hidden by specific radiopharmaceutical properties, and enhance the sensing of physiological processes.

Performance Analysis and Design Principles of Wireless Mutual Broadcast Using Heterogeneous Transmit Power for Proximity-Aware Services.

As proximity-aware services among devices such as sensors, IoT devices, and user equipment are expected to facilitate a wide range of new applications in the beyond 5G and 6G era, managing heterogeneous environments with diverse node capabilities becomes essential. This paper analytically models and characterizes the performance of heterogeneous random access-based wireless mutual broadcast (RA-WMB) with distinct transmit (Tx) power levels, leveraging a marked Poisson point process to account for nodes' various Tx power. In particular, this study enables the performance of RA-WMB with heterogeneous Tx power to be represented in terms of the performance of RA-WMB with a common Tx power by deriving an equivalent Tx power based on the probability distribution of heterogeneous Tx power and the path loss exponent.

Development and Evaluation of Five-in-One Vaccine Microneedle Array Patch for Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B, and Type b: Immunological Efficacy and Long-Term Stability.

: The development of a five-in-one vaccine microneedle patch (five-in-one MN patch) aims to address challenges in administering vaccines against Diphtheria (DT), Tetanus (TT), Pertussis (wP), Hepatitis B (HBsAg), and type b (Hib). Combining multiple vaccines into a single patch offers a novel solution to improve vaccine accessibility, stability, and delivery efficiency, particularly in resource-limited settings. : The five-in-one MN patch consists of four distinct microneedle arrays: DT and TT vaccines are coated together on one array, while wP, HepB, and Hib vaccines are coated separately on individual arrays.

Synthesis of Novel Zwitterionic Surfactants: Achieving Enhanced Water Resistance and Adhesion in Emulsion Polymer Adhesives.

Recent advancements in polymer materials have enabled the synthesis of bio-based monomers from renewable resources, promoting sustainable alternatives to fossil-based materials. This study presents a novel zwitterionic surfactant, SF, derived from 10-undecenoic acid obtained from castor oil through a four-step reaction, achieving a yield of 78%. SF has a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 1235 mg/L, slightly higher than the commercial anionic surfactant Rhodacal DS-4 (sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate), and effectively stabilizes monomer droplets, leading to excellent conversion and stable latex formation.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Through Lifestyle Interventions in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes-A Summary of Participant and Intervention Characteristics.

: We aimed to review the effect of lifestyle interventions in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the participants and intervention characteristics. : We systematically searched seven databases for RCTs of lifestyle interventions published up to 24 July 2024. We included 30 studies that reported the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or body weight.

Pathway Analysis of Allulose as a Sugar Substitute in Mitigating Thrombotic Risks in Sickle Cell Disease Patients.

Long-term consumption of erythritol, a widely used sugar substitute, has been associated with increased risks of thrombosis and cardiometabolic diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of allulose in mitigating these risks compared to erythritol using the clusterProfiler tool in R (version 4.12.

Chronic Kidney Disease and Infection Risk: A Lower Incidence of Peritonsillar Abscesses in Specific CKD Subgroups in a 16-Year Korean Nationwide Cohort Study.

Peritonsillar abscesses and deep neck infection are potentially serious infections among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), posing risks for severe complications and drawing significant public health concern. This nationwide, population-based longitudinal study (2002-2019) assessed the extended relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the likelihood of peritonsillar abscess and deep neck infection in a Korean cohort. Using a 1:4 propensity score overlap-weighted matching, we included 16,879 individuals with CKD and 67,516 comparable controls, accounting for demographic variables and comorbidities to ensure balanced group comparisons.

Factors for Treatment Failure After Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Infection.

Recently, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been introduced as an effective treatment option for infection (CDI). However, the risk factors associated with FMT treatment failure have not been well demonstrated. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the risk factors of treatment failure or recurrence after FMT for CDI.

Nanopore Sequencing Allows Recovery of High-Quality Completely Closed Genomes of All Species from Powdered Infant Formula Overnight Enrichments.

Precision metagenomic approaches using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) sequencing has been shown to allow recovery of complete genomes of foodborne bacteria from overnight enrichments of agricultural waters. This study tests the applicability of a similar approach for genome recovery from powdered infant formula (PIF) overnight enrichments, where typically dominates the overall microbiome (>90%). This study aimed to test whether using ONT sequencing of overnight PIF enrichments could recover a completely closed genome for further genomic characterization.

Effects of Hot Water Extract and Oregonin on Muscle Loss and Muscle Atrophy in C2C12 Murine Skeletal Muscle Cells.

Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function, increases in mortality rate, and risk of comorbidities in the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of hot water extract (AJHW) and its active compound, oregonin, on muscle atrophy and apoptosis in vitro. AJHW underwent phytochemical analysis.

Characterization of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Isolates from Ticks Collected During 2020 in Selenge, Mongolia.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes neurological disease in humans, with varied clinical severity influenced by the viral subtype. TBEV is endemic to Mongolia, where both Siberian and Far-Eastern subtypes are present. is considered the main vector of TBEV in Mongolia; although, the virus has also been detected in species.

White Light-Emitting Flexible Displays with Quantum-Dot Film and Greenish-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

White organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) represent a significant technology in the display industry for the achievement of full color. However, sophisticated technologies are required for white light emission. In this paper, we developed a simple white light-emitting display device using a quantum-dot (QD) film and a greenish-blue OLED.

Jeju Citrus () Leaf Extract and Hesperidin Inhibit Small Intestinal α-Glucosidase Activities and Postprandial Hyperglycemia in Animal Model.

Citrus fruits are widely distributed in East Asia, and tea made from citrus peels has demonstrated health benefits, such as a reduction in fever, inflammation, and high blood pressure. However, citrus leaves have not been evaluated extensively for their possible health benefits. In this study, the α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity of Jeju citrus hot-water (CW) and ethyl alcohol (CE) extracts, along with hesperidin (HP) (a bioactive compound in citrus leaf extracts), was investigated, and furthermore, their effect on postprandial blood glucose reduction in an animal model was determined.

CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein β (C/EBPβ) Regulates Calcium Deposition in Smooth Muscle Cells.

Calcium deposition in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), a form of ectopic ossification in blood vessels, can result in rigidity of the vasculature and an increase in cardiac events. Here, we report that CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) potentiates calcium deposition in VSMCs and mouse aorta induced by inorganic phosphate (Pi) or vitamin D. Based on cDNA microarray and RNA sequencing data of Pi-treated rat VSMCs, C/EBPβ was found to be upregulated and thus selected for further evaluation.

Biological Function Analysis of MicroRNAs and Proteins in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by alpha-synuclein aggregation into Lewy bodies in the neurons. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is considered the most suited source for investigating PD pathogenesis and identifying biomarkers. While microRNA (miRNA) profiling can aid in the investigation of post-transcriptional regulation in neurodegenerative diseases, information on miRNAs in the CSF of patients with PD remains limited.