Clinical course of infants with congenital heart disease who developed thyroid dysfunction within 100 days.

Purpose: We investigated the clinical course of infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) who experienced thyroid dysfunction within 100 days of birth.

Methods: We performed retrospective medical reviews of 54 CHD patients (24 male patients) who underwent a thyroid function test (TFT) between January 2007 and July 2016. Data were collected on birth history, diagnosis of CHD, underlying chromosomal or genetic abnormalities, medication history, surgery, ventilator care, and exposure to iodine contrast media (ICM).

Factors Associated with the Presence and Severity of Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Korean Children and Adolescents.

The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for presence and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Korean children and adolescents. A retrospective chart review of children and adolescents newly diagnosed with T1DM was conducted in seven secondary and tertiary centers in Korea. Eligible subjects were < 20 years of age and had records on the presence or absence of DKA at the time of T1DM diagnosis.

Multiple osteoblastomas in a child with Cushing syndrome due to bilateral adrenal micronodular hyperplasias.

Adrenocorticotropin-independent adrenal hyperplasias are rare diseases, which are classified into macronodular (>1 cm) and micronodular (≤1 cm) hyperplasia. Micronodular adrenal hyperplasia is subdivided into primary pigmented adrenocortical disease and a limited or nonpigmented form 'micronodular adrenocortical disease (MAD)', although considerable morphological and genetic overlap is observed between the 2 groups. We present an unusual case of a 44-month-old girl who was diagnosed with Cushing syndrome due to MAD.

Preserved C-peptide levels in overweight or obese compared with underweight children upon diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: We hypothesized that overweight or obese children might develop type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) early despite residual beta-cell function. Factors independently associated with preservation of C-peptide level were analyzed.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of 135 children aged 2.

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of neonatal hypocalcemia.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics of full-term neonates with hypocalcemia and to suggest factors associated with neonatal hypocalcemia.

Methods: The medical records of full-term neonates with hypocalcemia were reviewed. Hypocalcemia was defined as an ionized calcium (iCa) concentration of <4 mg/dL.