α-Tocopherol and γ-tocopherol decrease inflammatory response and insulin resistance during the interaction of adipocytes and macrophages.

Background/objectives: The infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue mediates chronic inflammation that is associated with insulin resistance in obesity. Although vitamin E is beneficial against insulin resistance, its impact on adipose tissue inflammation has not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate the effects of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, major vitamin E isoforms, on the interaction between macrophages and adipocytes with regard to obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance.

Individual characteristics and environmental factors influencing preschoolers' emotional eating.

Emotional eating, which refers to eating in response to emotional states, is prevalent in early childhood. Executive function (EF) and sleep problems are related to preschoolers' self-regulatory abilities during the day and night and have been reported to be associated with their emotional eating. These associations can be stronger in emotionally stressful situations, such as controlling feeding practices.

Association of milk and dairy product consumption with the incidence of cardio-cerebrovascular disease incidence in middle-aged and older Korean adults: a 16-year follow-up of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.

Background/objectives: Unhealthy dietary behaviors constitute one of risk the factors for chronic and cardiovascular diseases, which are prevalent in middle-aged and older populations. Milk and dairy products are high-quality foods and important sources of calcium. Calcium protects against osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.

Early childhood eating behaviors associated with risk of overweight and its socio-ecological determinants in Korean preschool children.

Background/objectives: This study aimed to identify preschool children's eating behaviors associated with early childhood obesity and its multi-level, socio-ecological determinants.

Subjects/methods: In a cross-sectional study of 364 mothers of preschool children aged 3-5 years, these children's healthy eating behaviors were assessed using a validated preschool nutrition quotient (NQ-P) questionnaire. The children's overweight or obesity statuses were determined based on body mass index percentiles from the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart.

Association of Dietary Sodium-to-Potassium Ratio with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Korean Adults: Findings from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

High-sodium and low-potassium intakes are interdependently linked to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the associations of dietary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio with cardiometabolic risk factors in 12,996 Korean adults (≥30 years) from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅶ (2016-2018). Food intake was assessed through 24 h dietary recall data.

Development of a Nurse Turnover Prediction Model in Korea Using Machine Learning.

Nurse turnover is a critical issue in Korea, as it affects the quality of patient care and increases the financial burden on healthcare systems. To address this problem, this study aimed to develop and evaluate a machine learning-based prediction model for nurse turnover in Korea and analyze factors influencing nurse turnover. The study was conducted in two phases: building the prediction model and evaluating its performance.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Insulin Resistance Induced by the Paracrine Interaction between Adipocytes and Macrophages.

Obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance are mediated by macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue. We investigated the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a flavone found in plants, on the inflammatory response and insulin resistance induced by the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages. Hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes were cocultured with RAW 264.

Awareness and Needs of Smoking Cessation Services for Female Emotional Laborers, Parcel Delivery Workers, Transportation Workers, and Construction Workers in South Korea.

Although South Korea has implemented various smoking cessation services, women who are emotional laborers, as well as parcel delivery, transportation, and construction workers, have poor access to these services. This study evaluated the smoking-related characteristics of workers in these four occupations as well as the awareness of and need for smoking cessation services. In total 808 workers in these four occupations aged 19 years and above were recruited nationwide and had their data analyzed.

Health and economic impact of a smoking cessation program in Korean workplaces.

Smoking is a leading cause of diseases and death, with significant socioeconomic consequences. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health and economic effectiveness of a workplace smoking cessation program. A total of 89 smokers from seven workplaces in Korea were the participants of the program.

Perceptions and Feasibility of Actions Related to Sodium Reduction among Restaurant Owners and Cooks in Seongnam, South Korea: Comparison According to Stages of Behavioral Change.

With the increase in meals eaten outside the home, sodium reduction in restaurant foods is essential for reducing sodium intake. This study aimed to assess the stages of behavioral change for reducing sodium and the differences in perceptions among restaurant staff by stage. Restaurant owners and cooks ( = 313) in Seongnam, South Korea were surveyed on their stage of behavioral change, practices, and perceptive factors related to sodium reduction in restaurant meals using a questionnaire.

Burden of dust storms on years of life lost in Seoul, South Korea: A distributed lag analysis.

Although dust storms have been associated with adverse health outcomes, studies on the burden of dust storms on deaths are limited. As global warming has induced significant climate changes in recent decades, which have accelerated desertification worldwide, it is necessary to evaluate the burden of dust storm-induced premature mortality using a critical measure of disease burden, such as the years of life lost (YLL). The YLL attributable to dust storms have not been examined to date.

L. leaf extract inhibits adipocyte differentiation and improves insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells.

Background/objectives: L. (guava) leaves have been shown to exhibit hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects in rodents. This study investigated the effects of guava leaf extract on adipogenesis, glucose uptake, and lipolysis of adipocytes to examine whether the antidiabetic properties are mediated through direct effects on adipocytes.

Binge Drinking and Obesity-Related Eating: The Moderating Roles of the Eating Broadcast Viewing Experience among Korean Adults.

Recently, there has been a notable rise in binge drinking and in the popularity of eating broadcasts via TV and online platforms, especially in Korea. This study analyzed the moderating effect of the eating broadcast viewing experience on the relationship between binge drinking and obesity-related eating behaviors. Cross-sectional self-reported online survey data were collected from 1125 Korean adults.

Successful Smoking Cessation among Women Smokers Based on Utilizing National Smoking Cessation Service Type in Korea.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the successful smoking cessation across different national smoking cessation services.

Methods: This study included data that had been previously entered into the integrated information system for smoking cessation services and comprised 144,688 participants after excluding missing data. These clinics provide face-to-face counseling, phone calls, text messages, and e-mail services for six months and nine sessions.

Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Diabetic Effect of Black Soybean Anthocyanins: Data from a Dual Cooperative Cellular System.

Obesity is characterized by elevated infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue, leading to the development of insulin resistance. The black soybean seed coat is a rich source of anthocyanins with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. This study investigated the effects of black soybean anthocyanin extract (BSAn) on obesity-induced oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, and insulin resistance in a coculture system of hypertrophied 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264 macrophages.

The Utilization of National Tobacco Cessation Services among Female Smokers and the Need for a Gender-Responsive Approach.

Despite the steadily increasing prevalence of female smoking, gender-responsive tobacco cessation services have not been widely provided worldwide. The purpose of this study is to identify factors associated with the use of tobacco cessation services among female tobacco product users in Korea from a national perspective. We performed a logistic regression analysis using data from 663 female smokers; 11.

Eating control and eating behavior modification to reduce abdominal obesity: a 12-month randomized controlled trial.

Background/objectives: Abdominal obesity is associated with metabolic disorders, and, in recent years, its prevalence in Korea has continuously increased. The change of lifestyle, particularly diet, is critical for the reduction of abdominal obesity. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention focused on dietary self-efficacy and behaviors on the improvement of abdominal obesity.

Atypical Antipsychotics Augmentation in Patients with Depressive Disorder and Risk of Subsequent Dementia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: While atypical antipsychotic medications are widely used for treating depressive disorders, their long-term effects on the risk of subsequent dementia have not been studied adequately.

Objective: To investigate whether the risk of dementia differs according to the use of atypical antipsychotic drugs, and compare the effects of antipsychotic agents on dementia risk in individuals with late-life depressive disorders.

Methods: A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort of South Korea.

Regional disparities in the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and healthy dietary factors in Korean adults.

Background/objectives: Regional disparities in dietary factors might be related to regional disparities in cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and dietary factors with regional types in Korean adults.

Subjects/methods: Based on data from the 2007-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study included 39,781 adults aged ≥ 19 years who completed the dietary survey and a health examination.

Mortality and Prognostic Factors of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection in Korea: A Population-based Comparative Study.

Background: Population-based studies on the mortality burden of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection are lacking. We compared the long-term mortality of NTM-infected patients with tuberculosis (TB)-patients and the general population, and investigated mortality-associated factors.

Methods: We analyzed nationwide-data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Korea-Statistical Office between 2002 and 2017.

Association between ambient temperature and injury by intentions and mechanisms: A case-crossover design with a distributed lag nonlinear model.

Although injury is a leading cause of death worldwide, the association between ambient temperature and injury has received little research attention compared to the association of temperature with mortality and morbidity from non-external causes. With current climate change and increases in weather extremes, assessing the association between temperature and injury is important for determining public health priorities. Therefore, the present study examined the association between ambient temperature and injury risk with a focus on the intentions and mechanisms of injury.

Gender-differences in predictors for time to metabolic syndrome resolution: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial study.

Understanding gender differences in health-related behaviors and their impacts is a crucial aspect of effective primary care. We studied gender-based differences in predictors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) resolution among newly diagnosed MetS patients. This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective clinical trial study comprising of 637 middle-aged and older adults (226 men and 411 women) who underwent a regular health checkup and were newly diagnosed with MetS at 16 different health clinics of 14 metropolitan cities and provinces.

eHealth Interventions for Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A Meta-Analysis of Effectiveness.

An adequate intake of fruits and vegetables (FVI) has shown benefits for reduced risk of manifesting chronic diseases. Thus, development of effective interventions to promote FVI is paramount. .

Fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida has anti-diabetic effects by stimulation of glucose uptake and reduction of basal lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown seaweeds, has been shown to reduce blood glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity in mice. We investigated the effects of fucoidan on lipid accumulation, lipolysis, and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells to test the hypothesis that fucoidan exerts an anti-diabetic function by acting directly on adipocytes. The 3T3-L1 cells were treated with 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida.

Vitamin E: Regulatory role on gene and protein expression and metabolomics profiles.

Results from microarray analyzes have shown that both vitamin E deficiency and supplementation have a significant impact on the gene expression of various tissues and cells. Genes that were modulated by vitamin E supplementation were different depending on the tissue, which suggested that changes in gene expression are reflective of tissue function and the tissue-specific regulation of vitamin E. In addition, the magnitude of gene expression and types of genes whose expression was altered were differentially affected by the vitamin E forms used for intervention.