Publications by authors named "Hye-Yeon Koo"
Aim: Cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM) increase risks of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in cancer survivors. An increased risk of DM incidence in cancer survivors has been observed and smoking is an important modifiable risk factor for DM development in the general population. Thus, we investigated the association between smoking behavior change after cancer diagnosis and DM incidence in cancer survivors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRisk of Diabetes Mellitus in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Endocrinol Metab (Seoul)
November 2024
Article Synopsis
- * The research tracked health outcomes over nearly 10 years, finding that 8.9% of individuals with ID developed DM, versus 8.4% of those without, indicating a significant increase in risk (adjusted hazard ratio of 1.38).
- * The study emphasizes the importance of tailored public health strategies to prevent DM in adults with ID, particularly noting a greater risk among non-hypertensive individuals.
Article Synopsis
- Individuals with intellectual disabilities face a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, specifically ischemic stroke and death from circulatory diseases, compared to the general population.
- A study analyzed data from over 3,600 individuals with intellectual disabilities and nearly 4 million without, showing significantly increased risks in the former group for cardiovascular conditions.
- Understanding these risks is crucial for healthcare professionals to provide better care and monitoring for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Article Synopsis
- The gut microbiota significantly influences the immune system, and studies suggest that probiotics can positively modify gut microbiota composition.
- A clinical trial tested HDB1258, a specific probiotic, on 71 participants to evaluate its effects on natural killer (NK) cell activity and gut microbiota changes over 8 weeks.
- Results indicated that HDB1258 notably increased NK cell activity while promoting beneficial gut bacteria, suggesting its potential to enhance immune response and gut health.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed risk factors for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development in adults over 50 with diabetes, highlighting that despite diabetes being linked to a lower AAA risk, some patients still develop it.
- - It followed over 1.9 million participants from 2009 to 2019 and found factors like age, male gender, smoking, and certain health issues (e.g., hypertension) increased AAA risk, while longer diabetes duration and specific oral medications decreased risk.
- - Notably, the research indicated that heavy alcohol consumption and obesity were linked to lower AAA risk, whereas insulin use marginally increased risk, showcasing a complex relationship between diabetes management and AAA development.
Purpose: Cancer survivors are at increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). Additionally, the prevalence of obesity, which is also a risk factor for DM, is increasing in cancer survivors. We investigated the associations between weight change after cancer diagnosis and DM risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Obesity has been suggested to be associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, it is unclear whether obesity or metabolic abnormalities accompanied by obesity have a stronger association with COVID-19 risk.
Methods: This study used the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency database, which includes information about the COVID-19 diagnosis and mortality dates of the entire Korean population between October 2020 and December 2021 (for diagnosis) or March 2022 (for mortality). A total of 24,310,283 adults were included and classified into four metabolic obesity phenotypes: (1) metabolically healthy and normal weight (MHNW), (2) metabolically unhealthy and normal weight (MUNW), (3) metabolically healthy and obese (MHO), and (4) metabolically unhealthy and obese (MUO).
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzed a large dataset from the Korean National Health Insurance Service to explore the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) over a ten-year period.
- Participants aged 50 and older showed a lower incidence of AAA among those with IFG or DM compared to those with normal blood sugar, with a stronger risk reduction observed for those with longer diabetes duration.
- The findings suggest that both IFG and untreated DM are independently associated with a reduced risk of developing AAA, contradicting some previous assumptions about the relationship between these conditions.
Article Synopsis
- - The study highlights that physical inactivity after cancer treatment can raise ischemic stroke risk in survivors, prompting an analysis of how changes in physical activity levels impact this risk.
- - Data from over 269,000 cancer survivors showed that remaining active pre- and post-diagnosis is linked to a 15% decreased risk of ischemic stroke, while those who changed their activity levels (either becoming active or inactive) also saw reduced risks of 16% and 11%, respectively.
- - The findings suggest exercising can lower stroke risk for cancer survivors, indicating that encouraging physical activity should be a key part of care during and after cancer treatment.
COVID-19 Mortality and Severity in Cancer Patients and Cancer Survivors.
J Korean Med Sci
January 2024
Background: We aimed to investigate mortality, severity, and risk of hospitalization in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with cancer.
Methods: Data of all patients aged 40-79 years from the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency-COVID19-National Health Insurance Service who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020 and March 31, 2022, in Korea were included. After 1:1 propensity score matching, 397,050 patients with cancer and 397,050 patients without cancer were enrolled in the main analysis.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate the potential link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the risk of developing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a large group of individuals aged 50 and over.
- Using data from over 4 million participants, researchers found that those with MetS had a significantly higher risk of developing AAA compared to those without it, especially if they had multiple components of MetS.
- Among MetS components, elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, and low HDL-C were associated with increased AAA risk; notably, elevated glucose was linked to a reduced risk, indicating a complex relationship between MetS and AAA.
Article Synopsis
- - Glaceum Inc. is testing HSG4112, a new anti-obesity drug, which has shown promise in improving energy use, normalizing weight, and being safe in initial trials.
- - A 16-week trial will be conducted in South Korea with overweight and obese participants to assess the drug's safety and efficacy, employing a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design.
- - If successful, this trial could enhance the acceptance of HSG4112 among healthcare professionals and help manage chronic obesity-related conditions.
Article Synopsis
- - The study aimed to determine the relationship between age-related macular degeneration (AMD), both with and without visual disability (VD), and the risk of fractures in a South Korean population using health insurance data from 2009 to 2019.
- - Out of nearly 3.9 million participants, 466,890 experienced fractures, with those diagnosed with AMD having a higher fracture risk (aHR 1.09) compared to control subjects.
- - The risk of fractures was even greater in AMD patients with VD (aHR 1.17) than those without VD (aHR 1.08), highlighting the need for fracture prevention strategies in individuals with AMD, particularly those with visual impairments.
Article Synopsis
- The 8th edition of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity aims to enhance care for obesity patients by providing evidence-based recommendations for treatment.
- Developed by a multidisciplinary committee, the guidelines were rigorously reviewed and endorsed by scientific societies.
- New topics in this edition include obesity diagnosis, obesity in women and those with mental illness, weight maintenance after loss, and technology-based interventions, making it a comprehensive resource for healthcare professionals.
Article Synopsis
- - The study found that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a significantly higher risk of fractures compared to those without PD, with a particularly high risk for hip fractures.
- - The risk of fractures increased consistently with the severity of the disease, but the duration of PD did not seem to have an impact on fracture risk.
- - This research emphasizes the importance of considering both the prevalence and severity of PD when assessing fracture risks in clinical settings.
Alcohol Drinking Pattern and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
October 2021
Article Synopsis
- Alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), but drinking patterns have not been thoroughly studied before this research.
- In a large study involving over 11 million participants, it was found that a higher frequency of drinking and daily alcohol consumption both contribute to a greater risk of developing HNC, with drinking frequency showing a stronger correlation.
- This study highlighted that for moderate to heavy drinkers, frequency of drinking is a more important risk factor for HNC, particularly for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, compared to the amount of alcohol consumed in a single occasion.
Article Synopsis
- Total alcohol consumption is linked to a greater risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, yet few studies have specifically analyzed drinking patterns and their effects on these cancers.
- The study followed over 11 million participants in South Korea, assessing their alcohol consumption frequency and quantity to evaluate associations with the development of GI cancers over an average of 6.4 years.
- Results indicated that increased alcohol consumption correlates with higher GI cancer risk, especially daily drinkers, with heavier consumption linked to a more significant increase in risk compared to nondrinkers.
Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed the relationship between medications (aspirin, statins, and metformin) and prostate cancer (PC) rates and deaths using data from over 388,000 men in Korea from 2004 to 2013.
- It found that long-term aspirin use could slightly lower PC mortality, whereas statin use showed no impact on PC rates or deaths.
- Metformin use was linked to a reduced incidence of PC, and non-diabetic patients taking metformin had a lower risk of dying from PC compared to diabetics not using it.
Article Synopsis
- Problem drinking increases mortality rates and specific cancer risks, and ongoing alcohol consumption may lead to cardiovascular issues in cancer survivors.
- The study analyzed data from over 27,000 cancer patients, focusing on those who changed their drinking habits after diagnosis, using various statistical tests to assess cardiovascular risk factors.
- Results indicated that moderate drinking after diagnosis improved cardiovascular risk factors, particularly in stomach cancer patients, suggesting that changing drinking behavior can positively affect health outcomes in cancer survivors.
Article Synopsis
- The study explored how changes in smoking habits affect fracture risk in men, concluding that long-term quitters and never smokers have a significantly lower risk of various fractures compared to ongoing smokers.
- Using health data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, researchers found that short-term quitters did not benefit in terms of reduced fracture risk, while long-term abstainers showed notable decreases in risks for lumbar and other types of fractures.
- The findings suggest that the longer men stay smoke-free, the lower their fracture risk may become, highlighting the importance of smoking cessation in preventing fractures and the need for ongoing patient support in this area.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of smoking cessation on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among South Korean men diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (AF), analyzing data from 2,372 patients between 2003-2012.
- Results show that individuals who quit smoking after their AF diagnosis had a 35% reduced risk of CVD compared to those who continued smoking, while never smokers had a 32% reduced risk.
- Additionally, quitting smoking also significantly decreased the risk of total stroke and ischemic stroke, indicating a strong benefit of cessation post-AF diagnosis regardless of the use of medications like aspirin or warfarin.
Article Synopsis
- A study assessed the effectiveness of a 3-month electronic health management program, Smart Healthing, for patients with cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension, diabetes, or high cholesterol.
- In a randomized controlled trial with 106 participants, those using the app showed significantly better outcomes in achieving key health goals compared to a control group receiving basic information.
- Results indicated substantial improvements, particularly in blood pressure and diabetes management, suggesting that digital self-management tools can effectively enhance health outcomes in at-risk patients.
Article Synopsis
- Obesity is a growing global issue, and the study developed a mobile app called Dr. Youth to help obese patients monitor their behaviors for better weight management.
- The app was tested on 50 obese adults at a university hospital, focusing on its technical effectiveness, user efficiency, and user satisfaction through various tasks and surveys.
- Results showed a high success rate of 99% for task completion and an average user satisfaction score of 76.65, indicating the app is effective but requires further research to assess its clinical impact.*
Article Synopsis
- A study analyzed how changes in metabolic health and weight affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk over time, using data from over 205,000 participants in South Korea.
- Participants were categorized into groups based on their metabolic health and obesity status during two health screenings and were followed for CVD outcomes from 2006 to 2015.
- Findings showed that moving from a metabolically healthy nonobese status to an unhealthy or obese state increased CVD risk, while improving metabolic health and weight decreased CVD risk significantly.