Neo-aorta reconstruction with retained stented patch in Norwood procedure after hybrid palliation of high-risk hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a case report.

Hybrid procedure of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, comprising ductus arteriosus stenting and bilateral pulmonary artery banding, is a good surgical option for initial palliative procedure for high-risk patients for Norwood procedure. However, ductal stenting may cause retrograde aortic blood flow obstruction. Furthermore, complete removal of stent while performing the Norwood procedure make the operation more difficult.

Long-term outcomes of extracardiac Gore-Tex conduits in Fontan patients.

Background: Extracardiac conduit Fontan procedure (ECFP) employing a Gore-Tex conduit has been widely used for patients with single ventricle physiology; however, the long-term status of the conduit is unknown. We investigated the changes in a Gore-Tex conduit after ECFP and the factors associated with its narrowing.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 86 patients who underwent ECFP between January 1995 and December 2008 and had cardiac computed tomography (CT) during the follow-up period.

Outcomes of not using tracheoplasty in asymptomatic tracheal stenosis found during open-heart surgery.

Objectives: We aimed to review the outcomes of treating incidentally encountered asymptomatic airway stenosis during open-heart surgery conservatively without the use of tracheoplasty.

Methods: Between January 2002 and October 2022, 25 patients were incidentally diagnosed with tracheal stenosis during open-heart surgery. Intraoperative bronchoscopy and/or laryngoscopy revealed tracheal stenosis; however, this was not consistent with the findings of the preoperative computed tomography.

Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Complications After Prosthetic Pulmonary Valve Implantation in Patients With Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Coronary artery complications (CACs) in patients who undergoing prosthetic pulmonary valve implantation for congenital heart disease can lead to fetal outcomes. However, the incidence of and risk factors for CACs in these patients remain unknown.

Methods and results: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent cardiac computed tomography or invasive coronary angiography after prosthetic pulmonary valve implantation at Seoul National University Hospital from June 1986 to May 2021.

An extreme case of cor triatriatum mimicking hypoplastic left heart syndrome and combined pulmonary vein stenosis.

A 65-day-old girl presented to the emergency room with lethargy, requiring emergency venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory cardiogenic shock. Initially, hypoplastic left heart syndrome was suspected. However, cor triatriatum with a pinpoint opening on the membrane was diagnosed based on a detailed echocardiographic examination.

Extubation in operating room versus early extubation in ICU after open-heart surgery in patients with CHDs.

Backgrounds And Objectives: The "Fast track" protocol is an early extubation strategy to reduce ventilator-associated complications and induce early recovery after open-heart surgery. This study compared clinical outcomes between operating room extubation and ICU extubation after open-heart surgery in patients with CHD.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 215 patients who underwent open-heart surgery for CHDs under the scheduled "Fast track" protocol between September 2016 and April 2022.

Shallow suture at ventricular septal defect may safely reduce right bundle branch block.

Background: To avoid rhythm disturbance, sutures for ventricular septal defect closure have been traditionally placed 2∼5 mm or more away from the edge of the ventricular septal defect. However, the traditional suturing method appears to induce right bundle branch block and tricuspid valve regurgitation after ventricular septal defect closure more than our alternative technique, shallow suturing just at the edge of the ventricular septal defect (shallower bites at the postero-inferior margin). We aimed to verify our clinical experience of perimembranous ventricular septal defect repair.

Trend of fetal echocardiography use and comparison of medical costs for congenital heart disease treatment based on fetal echocardiography use in a Korean single center.

Background: The rate of the prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease is increasing along with advances in fetal echocardiography techniques. Here, we aimed to investigate the trend of the use of fetal echocardiography over time and to compare the medical costs of congenital heart disease treatment according to whether fetal echocardiography was performed.

Methods: We reviewed our hospital's database, and patients who underwent the first surgery for congenital heart disease within 30 days of birth during 2005-2007, 2011-2013, and 2017-2019 were included.

The Behavioral and Mental Health Benefits of Speaking the Heritage Language within Immigrant Families: The Moderating Role of Family Relations.

Understanding the development of behavioral and mental health issues among adolescents, particularly those from immigrant families, is a key area of concern. Many prior studies have focused on the role of societal (country-of-destination) language skills, but we know less about the role played by the use of the heritage language in families. We examined this latter relationship with a focus on changes in heritage language use and internalizing and externalizing problems, and how family relations moderate this relationship.

Efficacy and safety of Banxia-Houpo-Tang (Banha-Hubak-Tang) for depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: and purpose: Banxia-Houpo-Tang (Banha-Hubak-Tang, BHT) is an East Asian traditional herbal medicine used for treating depression. Hence, this review aimed to provide reliable evidence on the efficacy and safety of BHT for depression.

Methods: Overall, 15 electronic databases were searched until July 31, 2022, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of BHT for depression were reviewed.

The limited role of personal goal striving in status attainment.

Despite evidence of declining intergenerational mobility, recent studies have shown a rising trend of meritocratic belief (e.g., hard work pays off) among American adults.

Late Outcomes of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease Patients Following Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy.

Background And Objectives: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for heart failure. However, in pediatric and congenital heart disease (CHD) patients, current adult indications cannot be directly applied because of heterogeneity in anatomy and diagnosis. Therefore, CRT responses and clinical outcomes in these patients were investigated to derive possible candidates for CRT.

Left atrial thrombosis with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in children with immunodeficiency.

Invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of infectious disease in immunocompromised patients; however, cardiac involvement in pulmonary aspergillosis is not well-known. Two paediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy were diagnosed with cardiac aspergilloma, accompanied by pulmonary aspergillosis. In both patients, antibiotic and antifungal treatments were initiated immediately after the pneumonia was diagnosed; however, both died of multiple cerebral thromboembolisms.

Outcomes of the Warden Procedure for Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return to the Superior Vena Cava: A 17-Year Experience.

Background: Surgical repair of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) to the superior vena cava (SVC) using the Warden procedure has favorable outcomes. However, there remain some concerns after the Warden procedure, such as sinoatrial nodal dysfunction and systemic or pulmonary venous stenosis. We investigated the outcomes of the Warden procedure for repair of PAPVR to the SVC.

Postcardiotomy Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: This study investigated mortality and morbidity in patients requiring postcardiotomy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support after operations for congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: CHD patients requiring postoperative ECMO support between May 2011 and May 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into non-survivors and survivors to hospital discharge.

Chemical Pleurodesis Using a Extract in an Infant with Postoperative Chylothorax: A Case Report.

Chylothorax after thoracic surgery is a rare complication, and treatment for refractory chylothorax is challenging. We report a case of chylothorax after cardiothoracic surgery in an infant after failure of conservative management and thoracic duct ligation. The patient underwent chemical pleurodesis with a extract.

Relationship between life-threatening events and electromechanical window in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A novel parameter for risk stratification of sudden cardiac death.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a leading cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young individuals, largely due to ventricular arrhythmias, which may be associated with electrical disturbances from pathologic myocardial changes.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate electromechanical mismatches in patients with HCM and the relationship between electromechanical mismatches and life-threatening events (LTEs).

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients (age 1-80 years) diagnosed with HCM.

Acute perimyocarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction in a 12-year-old boy with duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Differential diagnosis of chest pain in the pediatric population is important but can be challenging. A 12-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy presented with chest pain, cardiac enzyme elevation, and convex ST elevations in the inferior leads with reciprocal ST depression in the anterior leads on electrocardiogram. Echocardiography on admission revealed normal left ventricular function.

Association between the Use of Diuretics and Size Reduction in Pediatric Atrial Septal Defect.

Background And Objectives: While diuretics are sometimes used in atrial septal defect (ASD) treatment, their effect on ASD size reduction remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of diuretics in ASD size reduction in pediatric patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with secundum ASD (size ≥10 mm), between 2005 and 2019.

Aortic Valve Repair in Young Patients: A Single Patch Design for Leaflet Extension.

The surgical treatment for young patients with aortic valve diseases has not been standardized because of differences in the patients' growth. We aimed to investigate short-term results of aortic valve repair with leaflet extension techniques. From October 2017 to June 2020, we performed aortic valve repair with leaflet extension technique in 15 consecutive patients with a median age of 13 years (range, 33 months-27 years).

Siblings With Familial Dwarfism Presenting With Acute Myocardial Infarction at Adolescence.

We encountered siblings with familial Majewski osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPD II) with acute myocardial infarction in adolescence and in their early 20s. We successfully performed percutaneous and surgical coronary interventions. From these cases, we were able to better understand coronary artery disease of MOPD II and provide better management.

Pulmonary valve replacement may not restore ventricular volume and functional status in patients with pulmonary regurgitation after late tetralogy of Fallot repair.

Objectives: Clinically, tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients who underwent repair late (older than 2 years) appears to have worse outcomes after pulmonary valve replacement than patients who underwent repair early. We proceeded to review the clinical features of late-repaired TOF patients who required pulmonary valve replacement.

Methods: Fifty patients who underwent pulmonary valve replacement after TOF repair over the age of 2 years from 2000 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.

The occurrence of coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease based on C-reactive protein levels: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to assess the occurrence of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) according to serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Methods: This retrospective analysis was based on the nationwide survey of KD conducted in the Republic of Korea between 2015 and 2017. We enrolled 9131 patients and defined low (< 3 mg/dL) and high (≥3 mg/dL) CRP groups.

In- and out-groups across cultures: Identities and perceived group values.

Distinguishing and privileging one's in-groups from out-groups appears to be a human universal, though theories about why and how this happens diverge. This paper contributes to understanding these processes by adding cross-cultural, ecological validity to a demographic understanding of a) which in- and out-groups are prevalent in four distinct societies and b) discernible patterns in the values that members of these groups are perceived to hold. Our results suggest that respondents see in-groups, often their family, as conventionally moral (caring for others) across societies, while typically perceiving a range of disparate out-groups as hedonistic and self-serving.

Surgical outcomes of infective endocarditis in children: should we delay surgery for infective endocarditis?

Objectives: We compared the surgical outcomes of infective endocarditis (IE) between early surgery and non-early surgery groups in children.

Methods: From January 2000 to April 2020, we retrospectively reviewed 50 patients <18years of age who underwent first surgery for IE. Early surgery was defined as that performed within 2 days for left-sided IE and 7 days for right-sided IE after diagnosis.