Impact of age on eGFR dynamics following sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor therapy: A real-world study.

Aim: The initial decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), often known as the "initial dip," associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) is typically transient but may be more pronounced in older patients.

Methods: We analyzed real-world data from 2,070 patients newly prescribed SGLT2i, tracking eGFR changes at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after initiation. We defined a significant initial dip as over 10 % reduction in eGFR at 3 months.

Relationship between Eating Alone and Handgrip Strength in Korean Older Adults.

Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related decline in muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Eating alone has been linked to various health issues in older adults. This study investigated the relationship between eating alone and handgrip strength (HGS) in older adults using data from 7278 individuals (≥65 years) who participated in the 2014-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Mediating effect of vascular calcification in galectin-3-related mortality in hemodialysis patients.

Galectin-3 levels have been studied as a potential biomarker for predicting cardiovascular (CV) risk and mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Recently, a close relationship between galectin-3 and vascular calcification (VC) has been reported. Here, we investigated the role of VC as a mediating factor in the association between galectin-3 and mortality.

Alzheimer's Disease and Different Types of Cancer Likelihood: Unveiling Disparities and Potential Protective Effects in a Korean Cohort Study.

The link between Alzheimer's disease and cancer risk is a concern in public health. However, research has yielded limited and sometimes contrasting results, suggesting the need for more validation. We analyzed a large cohort to examine the long-term association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the risk of developing cancer.

Association of age-related hearing loss, tinnitus, and chronic low back pain in middle-aged and older Korean adults.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted to evaluate the association between hearing impairment and low back pain (LBP) using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 5,504 middle-aged and older Korean adults (aged ≥50 years old) who underwent plain radiography of the lumbar spine and pure tone audiometry were included. The presence of LBP was evaluated using a questionnaire, which included a question on whether the patient had experienced LBP that lasted for more than 30 days during the past three months.

Lipid/Clay-Based Solid Dispersion Formulation for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of Curcumin.

This study was conducted to develop a lipid/clay-based solid dispersion (LSD) formulation to enhance the dissolution and oral bioavailability of poorly soluble curcumin. Krill oil and aminoclay were used as a lipid and a stabilizer, respectively, and LSD formulations of curcumin were prepared by an antisolvent precipitation method combined with freeze-drying process. Based on the dissolution profiles, the optimal composition of LSD was determined at the weight ratio of curcumin: krill oil: aminoclay of 1:5:5 in the presence of 0.

Functional ligands for improving anticancer drug therapy: current status and applications to drug delivery systems.

Conventional chemotherapy lacking target selectivity often leads to severe side effects, limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Therefore, drug delivery systems ensuring both selective drug release and efficient intracellular uptake at the target sites are highly demanded in chemotherapy to improve the quality of life of patients with low toxicity. One of the effective approaches for tumor-selective drug delivery is the adoption of functional ligands that can interact with specific receptors overexpressed in malignant cancer cells.

Association between Low-Dose Computed Tomography Results and 1-Year Smoking Cessation in a Residential Smoking Cessation Program.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global health threat. Smoking and smoking-related lung diseases are risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection. This study investigated whether low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scan results affected the success of 1-year smoking cessation.

Association between Dietary Protein Intake, Regular Exercise, and Low Back Pain among Middle-Aged and Older Korean Adults without Osteoarthritis of the Lumbar Spine.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary protein intake and regular exercise on low back pain (LBP) using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A total of 2367 middle-aged and older adults (≥50 years) who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and plain radiography of the lumbar spine were included. LBP was defined using a questionnaire to determine the presence of LBP lasting more than 30 days in the preceding three months.

Relationship between Regular Green Tea Intake and Osteoporosis in Korean Postmenopausal Women: A Nationwide Study.

Mixed results have been reported regarding whether habitual tea intake affects bone health. This study investigated the relationship between green tea intake and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women. We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2008 to 2011 and divided the participants into three groups according to their frequency of green tea intake over the past 12 months.

Effectiveness of National Residential Smoking Cessation Program.

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Korean national five-day residential smoking cessation program and the factors affecting the long-term smoking cessation of participants. The residential smoking cessation program (2017-2018) recruited smokers with a smoking duration ≥ 20 years and who have attempted to quit smoking more than twice and/or smokers with chronic morbidities. Participants underwent an intensive intervention, including individual psychological therapy, group therapy, medical counseling, and pharmacotherapy.

Limited Clinical and Diagnostic Utility of Circulating Tumor DNA Detection in Patients with Early-Stage Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Comparison with Benign Thyroid Nodules and Healthy Individuals.

Limited data are available on the diagnostic utility of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in early-stage thyroid cancers for , , , and promoter mutations, which are known detectable markers for thyroid cancers. Here, we analyzed the above driver mutations in ctDNA and matched neoplastic tissues from patients with early-stage thyroid cancers in order to investigate diagnostic utility of circulating markers in distinguishing from other mimicking thyroid lesions and healthy individuals. In total, 73 matched neoplastic tissue and plasma samples [thyroid cancers (n = 62), benign thyroid disorders (n = 8), and parathyroid lesions (n = 3)] and 54 plasma samples from healthy individuals (as controls) were analyzed for , , , and promoter mutations using peptide nucleic acid clamp real-time PCR.

Eating Alone and Cognitive Decline in Korean Older Adults: A 3-Year Prospective Study.

Background: Eating alone is a critical factor in nutritional risk screening among older adults. We investigated whether changes in eating status (eating alone or with others) in late-life affected cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: We used data from the Survey of the Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons.

Fall predictors beyond fall risk assessment tool items for acute hospitalized older adults: a matched case-control study.

We investigated whether clinical factors including comorbidities, medications, and laboratory results predict inpatient fall risk in older adults. The participants in this case-control study included hospitalized older adults with acute conditions who had falls during their hospital stay (case group) and 410 hospitalized older adults who did not experience falls (control group). Data on medical history, fall risk assessment (Morse Fall Scale; MFS), medications, and laboratory results were obtained.

Factors associated with dropout in a lifestyle modification program for weight management in children and adolescents.

Background: Significant dropout rates remain a serious concern in pediatric weight control program, but few studies have identified predictors of dropout.

Aims: The objective of the study is to identify factors associated with dropout from a pediatric lifestyle modification weight control program at different phases.

Methods: Data on overweight and obese participants (n = 242) aged 11-18 years in the Intervention for Childhood and Adolescent Obesity via Activity and Nutrition (ICAAN) study were collected at baseline, 6-months, and 24-months through self-report and a laboratory test.

Effect of alternate-day fasting on obesity and cardiometabolic risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Alternate-day fasting (ADF) is related to weight reduction, lowered risks of weight regain, and relative lean body mass preservation compared to continuous energy restriction. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of ADF on obesity-related factors and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults.

Methods: Using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane online databases, an electronic search was performed.

Association between Falls and Nutritional Status of Community-Dwelling Elderly People in Korea.

Background: Malnutrition is a well-known risk factor of falls, although studies examining the association between nutritional status and falls are rare. We aimed to investigate the association between nutritional status and falls according to gender among Korean older adults.

Methods: The study included 10,675 participants (4,605 men and 6,070 women) aged 65 years and older and used data from the 2011 Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Persons.

Handgrip strength, dynapenia, and mental health in older Koreans.

This study examined associations between muscle strength and mental health among 2,652 elderly Koreans who participated in the 2015 and 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We measured absolute handgrip strength and calculated handgrip strength relative to body mass index. Dynapenia criteria followed that of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia.

Association Between Sodium Density and Grip Strength Among Older Korean Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Handgrip strength is a key diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia, and sodium is an essential mineral for muscle contraction. We investigated the association between grip strength and sodium intake using sodium density.

Patients And Methods: A total of 2982 older adults (aged ≥65 years) from the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included.

Interleukin-22 Induces the Infiltration of Visceral Fat Tissue by a Discrete Subset of Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokine-Positive M2-Like Macrophages in Response to a High Fat Diet.

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine with important functions in host defense and inflammatory responses and has recently been suggested to play a role in immune-inflammatory system in the context of obesity and its metabolic consequences. The specific cellular targets and mechanisms of IL-22-mediated obesity are largely unknown however. We here identified a previously unknown subset of monocyte-derived Duffy antigen receptors for chemokines (DARC) macrophages in epididymal fat adipose tissue and found that they are preferentially recruited into the crown-like structures of adipose tissue in the mouse upon high fat diet-induced obesity.

Weight loss effects of circuit training interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the weight loss effects of circuit training interventions in adults. A computerized search was conducted using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and EMBASE online databases. The analysis was restricted to randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of circuit training interventions on body weight and body mass index in adults aged 18 years or older.