Comparative effectiveness of self-learning and instructor-assisted pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A prospective randomized study.

Background: Unlike that for adults, training for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of infant and child is scarce, and warrants efforts for greater accessibility. Effective self-learning could expand training accessibility and facilitate the development of effective infant and child cardiopulmonary resuscitation training methods.

Aim: This study was conducted to develop a pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-learning training program, implement nurse training, and evaluate training effectiveness by comparing trainees' achievement of self-efficacy in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with or without instructor assistance.

Age and sex differences in comorbidities in adult temporomandibular disorders: A cross-sectional study using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and associated comorbidities in groups matched according to age and sex.

Methods: Using data from the cross-sectional fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Of the 25,534 eligible KNHANES, 17,762 adults aged ≥19 years who responded to survey questionnaire on TMD and comorbidities.

Correction: Evaluation of class participation in non-face-to-face CPR training for medical students.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Targeting SARM1 improves autophagic stress-induced axonal neuropathy.

AAV: adeno-associated virus; ATF3: activating transcription factor 3; ATG7: autophagy related 7; AVIL: advillin; cADPR: cyclic ADP ribose; CALC: calcitonin/calcitonin-related polypeptide; CMT: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; cKO: conditional knockout; DEG: differentially expressed gene; DRG: dorsal root ganglion; FE-SEM: field emission scanning electron microscopy; IF: immunofluorescence; NCV: nerve conduction velocity; PVALB: parvalbumin; RAG: regeneration-associated gene; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SARM1: sterile alpha and HEAT/Armadillo motif containing 1; : synapsin I.

Analyzing willingness for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in refractory ventricular fibrillation.

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) for refractory ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest has recently been recommended for selected patients with favorable prognostic features. We aimed to identify factors affecting the willingness of emergency physicians to implement extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). We conducted a factorial survey with nine experimental vignettes by combining three different scene time intervals and transportation time intervals.

Evaluation of class participation in non-face-to-face CPR training for medical students.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education requires that learners practice key skills to promote mastery. Our aim in this study was to evaluate differences in post-education performance and class participation during CPR training between face-to- face (FF) and non-face-to-face (NFF) learning formats.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled study of third-year medical students from two university hospital, allocated to either the FF or NFF format for CPR education.

Extremity Injuries during Sporting Activities According to Life Course: Focusing on Fractures.

Background: The increased participation in sports has led to an increased number of sports-related injuries. We aimed to identify the incidence of sports-related injuries by life course and the risk factors for sports-related extremity fractures.

Methods: We analyzed data of patients with sports-related extremity injuries from Emergency Department-based national injury surveillance systems, obtained from Jan 2013 to Dec 2016.

Application of the Team Emergency Assessment Measure for Prehospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation.

Introduction: Communication and teamwork are critical for ensuring patient safety, particularly during prehospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) is a tool applicable to such situations. This study aimed to validate the TEAM efficiency as a suitable tool even in prehospital CPR.

Emergency Transport Refusal during the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.

We analyzed the changes in patients’ clinical characteristics and transport refusal pre- and post-COVID-19 and identified the reasons for transport refusal using emergency medical services run sheet data from pre-COVID-19 (April−December 2019) and post-COVID-19 (April−December 2020) in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. We included patients aged ≥18 years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the relationship between patients’ personal factors and clinical characteristics and emergency transport refusal.

Nurse evaluation of stress levels during CPR training with heart rate variability using smartwatches according to their personality: A prospective, observational study.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a very critical phenomenon, and to prepare for it, most nurses undertake simulation training, during which learners' stress levels should be managed. This study aims to evaluate nurses' stress levels during CPR simulation training using heart rate variability (HRV) measured with a smartwatch and to determine the correlation between individual personality traits and stress levels.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from July 2020 to December 2021.

Instructor-led distance learning for training students in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A randomized controlled study.

Study Hypothesis: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training can increase the likelihood of patient survival and better neurological outcomes. However, conventional learning (CL) has cost, time, and space constraints. This study aimed to evaluate whether laypersons who completed instructor-led distance learning (DL) acquired a level of CPR skill comparable to that achieved via CL training.

Factors Associated with High-Quality Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performed by Bystander.

Bystander cardiopulmonary dresuscitation (CPR) improves the survival and neurological outcomes of sudden cardiac arrest patients. The rate of bystander CPR is increasing; however, its performance quality has not been evaluated in detail. In this study, emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in the field evaluated bystander CPR quality, and we aimed to investigate the association between bystander information and CPR quality.

Hydrogen Peroxide Enhances the Antibacterial Effect of Methylene Blue-based Photodynamic Therapy on Biofilm-forming Bacteria.

Recently, increased attention has been focused on endoscopic disinfection after outbreaks of drug-resistant infections associated with gastrointestinal endoscopy. The aims of this study were to investigate the bactericidal efficacy of methylene blue (MB)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), which is the major cause of drug-resistant postendoscopy outbreak, and to assess the synergistic effects of hydrogen peroxide addition to MB-based PDT on biofilms.

TWIST mediates resistance to paclitaxel by regulating Akt and Bcl-2 expression in gastric cancer cells.

The transcription factor TWIST has been reported to play an important role in tumor progression as well as resistance to anti-cancer drugs. However, the role of TWIST in gastric cancer and the molecular mechanisms by which this protein elicits drug resistance remain poorly understood. We transfected gastric cancer cell lines with lentiviral vector to generate TWIST-overexpressing stable cell lines.

Transcriptome analysis of paired primary colorectal carcinoma and liver metastases reveals fusion transcripts and similar gene expression profiles in primary carcinoma and liver metastases.

Background: Despite the clinical significance of liver metastases, the difference between molecular and cellular changes in primary colorectal cancers (CRC) and matched liver metastases is poorly understood.

Methods: In order to compare gene expression patterns and identify fusion genes in these two types of tumors, we performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of five sets of quadruple-matched tissues (primary CRC, liver metastases, normal colon, and liver).

Results: The gene expression patterns in normal colon and liver were successfully distinguished from those in CRCs; however, RNA sequencing revealed that the gene expression between primary CRCs and their matched liver metastases is highly similar.

ER2, a novel human anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody inhibit tumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer models.

Objectives: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) abnormalities including amplification, mutation, and overexpression are frequent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of ER2, a novel human anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, in NSCLC.

Methods: A panel of NSCLC cell lines (A549, H460, H322, H358, H1299, HCC827, PC9, H1975, and PC9-GR) was used to evaluate in vitro antitumor activity of ER2 and cetuximab.

PSMB8 and PBK as potential gastric cancer subtype-specific biomarkers associated with prognosis.

Gastric adenocarcinoma is a common form of cancer associated with a poor prognosis. We analyzed microarray profiling data from 48 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma to characterize gastric cancer subtypes and identify biomarkers associated with prognosis. We identified two major subtypes of gastric adenocarcinoma differentially associated with overall survival (P = 0.

Snail and serpinA1 promote tumor progression and predict prognosis in colorectal cancer.

The role of Snail and serpin peptidase inhibitor clade A member 1 (serpinA1) in tumorigenesis has been previously identified. However, the exact role and mechanism of these proteins in progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) are controversial. In this study, we investigated the role of Snail and serpinA1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and examined the mechanisms through which these proteins mediate CRC progression.

Novel peptides functionally targeting in vivo human lung cancer discovered by in vivo peptide displayed phage screening.

Discovery of the cancer-specific peptidic ligands have been emphasized for active targeting drug delivery system and non-invasive imaging. For the discovery of useful and applicable peptidic ligands, in vivo peptide-displayed phage screening has been performed in this study using a xenograft mouse model as a mimic microenvironment to tumor. To seek human lung cancer-specific peptides, M13 phage library displaying 2.

Ibulocydine sensitizes human cancers to radiotherapy by induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.

Background And Purpose: Ibulocydine (IB), a novel prodrug of CDK inhibitor, has been reported to have anti-cancer effect in human hepatoma cells. In order to address its feasibility as a radiosensitizer to improve radiotherapeutic efficacy for human cancers, this study was designed.

Material And Methods: Human cancer cells of lung and colon were treated with IB and/or radiotherapy (RT).

S100A8 and S100A9 promotes invasion and migration through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent NF-κB activation in gastric cancer cells.

S100A8 and S100A9 (S100A8/A9) are low-molecular weight members of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins. Recent studies have reported S100A8/A9 promote tumorigenesis. We have previously reported that S100A8/A9 is mostly expressed in stromal cells and inflammatory cells between gastric tumor cells.

JNK pathway is involved in the inhibition of inflammatory target gene expression and NF-kappaB activation by melittin.

Background: Bee venom therapy has been used to treat inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis in humans and in experimental animals. We previously found that bee venom and melittin (a major component of bee venom) have anti-inflammatory effect by reacting with the sulfhydryl group of p50 of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and IkappaB kinases (IKKs). Since mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase family is implicated in the NF-kappaB activation and inflammatory reaction, we further investigated whether activation of MAP kinase may be also involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of melittin and bee venom.

Melittin inhibits inflammatory target gene expression and mediator generation via interaction with IkappaB kinase.

We previously found that bee venom (BV) and melittin (a major component of BV) has anti-inflammatory effect by reacting with the sulfhydryl group of p50 of NF-kappaB. Since the sulfhydryl group is present in IkappaB kinase (IKKalpha and IKKbeta), anti-inflammatory effect of melittin via interaction with IKKs was investigated. We first examined binding of melittin to IKKs using surface plasmon resonance analyzer.