Transition-Metal-Free Unusual Oxidative Cleavage of Homoallylic Alcohol and Its Application in the Upcycling of Terpene to Value-Added Chemicals.

A NaOtBu-O -mediated oxidative dehomologation of homoallylic alcohols into structurally different carboxylic acids through direct oxidative cleavage of either the C(sp )-C(sp ) or C(sp )-C(sp ) bond utilizing enolate chemistry was demonstrated. Furthermore, under transition-metal-free conditions, this protocol has been applied to convert terpene as biomass feedstock into value-added chemicals.

Mixed Monosilyl Acetals and Catalyst-Dependent Chemoselective Mukaiyama Aldol Reactions.

We report a direct, simple, and straightforward approach for the construction of a mixed monosilyl acetal as a new and synthetically valuable functional group by mixing an aldehyde, sodium tert-butoxide, and trimethylsilyl azide. We also demonstrate a catalyst-dependent chemoselective reaction between mixed monosilyl acetals and silyl ketene acetals through Mukaiyama aldol reactions to give different structures of O-protected β-hydroxy esters in excellent yields with high chemoselectivities. This study provided the existence of an oxonium ion intermediate and of its kinetically controlled reaction with the pre-equilibrated silyl enol ether obtained from (E)- and (Z)-isomerization.

Enantioselective Organocatalytic Cyclopropanation of Enals Using Benzyl Chlorides.

Herein, we describe the first enantioselective cyclopropanation of enals using benzyl chlorides as bifunctional (nucleophilic and electrophilic) reagents. The reaction is simply catalyzed by chiral secondary amines to afford the formyl cyclopropane derivatives in good yields with moderate to excellent stereoselectivities.

Hydrogen sulfide treatment induces angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a potent vasodilator and regulates cardiovascular homeostasis. Furthermore, H2 S has a crucial role in ischemia-reperfusion injuries, especially of the heart, liver, and kidneys. This study indicates that treatment with hydrogen sulfide is able to restore neurological function after ischemic stroke by promoting angiogenesis.

Ceria nanoparticles that can protect against ischemic stroke.

Uniform 3 nm-sized ceria nanoparticles can protect against ischemic stroke by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing apoptosis. PEGylated ceria nanoparticles showed protective effects against ROS-induced cell death in vitro. Optimal doses of ceria nanoparticles reduced infarct volumes and the rate of ischemic cell death in vivo.