Revealing a novel GI-19 lineage infectious bronchitis virus sub-genotype with multiple recombinations in South Korea using whole-genome sequencing.

Infectious bronchitis (IB), caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), is a highly contagious chicken disease, causing economic losses worldwide. New IBV strains and variants continue to emerge despite using inactivated and live-attenuated vaccines to prevent or control IB. In this study, the S1 genes of 46 IBV strains, isolated from commercial chicken flocks between 2003 and 2024 in Korea were sequenced and genetically characterized.

Family-based mobile application needs in childhood obesity management in South Korea: a qualitative study.

Purpose: It is essential to investigate the users' needs in developing user-centered, family-based applications (apps) for managing childhood obesity.

Methods: This study conducted focus group interviews with ten parents, ten children, and four app developers to investigate the need to develop a family-based mobile app for childhood obesity. The interview period was from July 17 to August 30, 2023.

Father-child attachment on children's screen time: mediating role of ego resilience.

Background: Children spend a significant amount of time engaging in sedentary behaviors, defined as activities that do not increase energy expenditure significantly above resting levels, such as watching TV and playing PC/video games. Increased screen time is a significant public health concern because children are in a developmental stage where lifestyle behaviors predict various health outcomes in adulthood and beyond. This study explores the links between parent-child attachment, ego resilience, and children's screen time.

An Amplicon-Based Application for the Whole-Genome Sequencing of GI-19 Lineage Infectious Bronchitis Virus Directly from Clinical Samples.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes a highly contagious respiratory disease in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. IBV exhibits a high mutation rate, resulting in the continuous emergence of new variants and strains. A complete genome analysis of IBV is crucial for understanding its characteristics.

Light emitting diode (LED) irradiation of liposomes enhances drug encapsulation and delivery for improved cancer eradication.

Liposomes are widely used as drug delivery nanoplatforms because of their versatility and biocompatibility; however, their ability to load certain drugs may be suboptimal. In this study, we generated liposomes using a combination of DSPE and DSPE-PEG-2 k lipids and loaded them with doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX), to investigate the effects of light emitting diode (LED) irradiation on liposome structure and drug loading efficiency. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the surface of liposomes irradiated with blue or near-infrared LEDs (LsLipo) was rougher and more irregular than that of non-LED-irradiated liposomes (NsLipo).

Upconverting-photon quenching-mediated perforation influx as an intracellular delivery method using posAuNP@UCNPs nanocomposites for osteoarthritis treatment.

Photoporation techniques based on plasmonic nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticles have been extensively studied for the intracellular delivery of substances via cell membrane disruption. However, the clinical application of AuNP is challenging due to its absorption in the 500 nm region of the light spectrum. To overcome this challenge, upconversion nanoparticles were employed to stimulate AuNP at NIR wavelengths.

Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Identified in a Zoo-Housed Sandhill Crane (): An Anatomopathological and Metagenomic Study.

Tumors in birds can be caused by a variety of factors such as species, age, sex, virus, chemicals, and environment. In particular, tumors are a major cause of death in long-lived birds such as parrots and zoo birds. A male sandhill crane that was bred for 8 years in a zoo was diagnosed with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Fusogenic liposomes encapsulating mitochondria as a promising delivery system for osteoarthritis therapy.

Many attempts have been made to use mitochondria (MT) to treat human diseases; however, MT are large, making them difficult to deliver effectively. Therefore, a transfer strategy based on membrane fusion was established. Fusogenic mitochondrial capsules (FMCs) comprising a neutral lipid (PE), a cationic lipid (DOTAP), an aromatic lipid (Liss Rhod PE), and three types of liposome (FMC0, FMC1, and FMC2), were designed and synthesized.

The Development of Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assays for the Detection and Differentiation of Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus.

Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly pathogenic viral infection of poultry with significant economic impacts worldwide. Despite the widespread use of vaccines, ND outbreaks continue to occur even within vaccinated poultry farms. Furthermore, novel Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotypes are emerging in poultry, increasing the need for the development of rapid, accurate, and simple diagnostic methods.

The effects of special nursing units in nursing homes on healthcare utilization and cost: A case-control study using propensity score matching.

Background: Most nursing homes in South Korea lack professional nursing services, resulting in transporting residents to hospitals for mild health problems and nursing treatment needs. While the number of nursing homes has increased, the number of registered nurses working in nursing homes has declined. In 2019, the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare and the National Health Insurance Service launched the Special Nursing Units in Nursing Homes, a pilot nurse-led model, to resolve the lack of health and nursing services in nursing homes by mandating registered nurses' minimum staffing levels and protecting their scope of practice.

Mediation Effect of Maladaptive Coping between Work-to-Family Conflict and Cardiovascular Health Behaviors.

Work-to-family conflicts (WFC), an aggravating factor of stress, may affect cardiovascular health. However, the link between WFC and cardiovascular health behaviors is not fully defined. This study intends to identify the mediating effect of coping strategy on the relation between WFC with cardiovascular health behaviors, such as smoking, stress management, increased physical activity, and healthy diet habits.

Nursing experience during COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: a qualitative analysis based on critical components of the professional practice models.

Background: Nurses have an essential role and responsibility to work at the forefront of patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the press and public have praised the dedication of nurses in the COVID-19 pandemic, there are several points to consider for nursing professional development. The purpose of this study is to collect the experiences of the nursing profession in the COVID-19 pandemic through interviews, seek improvements for the development of the nursing profession, and suggest directions for the future.

Strategies for accelerating osteogenesis through nanoparticle-based DNA/mitochondrial damage repair.

The efficiency of gene therapy is often dictated by the gene delivery system. Cationic polymers are essential elements of gene delivery systems. The relatively cheap cationic polymer, polyethyleneimine, has high gene delivery efficiency and is often used for gene delivery.

COVID-19 Fear, Health Behaviors, and Subjective Health Status of Call Center Workers.

Background: Fear may be critical in explaining individual and social behaviors. This study investigates the association between COVID-19 fear and health behavior and subjective health status changes of call center workers in the COVID-19 era.

Methods: This cross-sectional study uses an online survey with 339 call center workers.

Dynamics of the Emerging Genogroup of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection in Broiler Farms in South Korea: A Nationwide Study.

Infectious bursal disease (IBD), caused by IBD virus (IBDV), threatens the health of the poultry industry. Recently, a subtype of genogroup (G) 2 IBDV named G2d has brought a new threat to the poultry industry. To determine the current status of IBDV prevalence in South Korea, active IBDV surveillance on 167 randomly selected broiler farms in South Korea from August 2020 to July 2021 was conducted.

Histopathological Findings and Metagenomic Analysis of Esophageal Papillary Proliferation Identified in Laying Broiler Breeders.

White or pale-yellow nodules 2-7 mm in length were observed in the esophageal lumen in a number of laying broiler breeders with reduced laying rates. Metaplasia of the mucosal epithelial layer and mucous gland, as well as lymphocyte infiltration under the esophageal mucous gland and epithelial cell layer, were observed, which we found were caused by vitamin A deficiency. In one chicken, however, the stratified squamous epithelial cells of the esophagus were completely replaced by increased numbers of ducts/ductules, lymphocytes, and connective tissue, resulting in a papillary morphology.

Nationwide Surveillance for Infectious Bronchitis Virus in South Korea from 2020 to 2021.

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major pathogen in poultry. The genotypes of IBV vary considerably, and their antigenicity may differ. Nationwide surveillance in South Korea was performed to determine the prevalence and distribution of IBV and its genotypes.

Identification of Campylobacter jejuni and Chlamydia psittaci from cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) using metagenomics.

Background: In July 2015, the carcasses of 11 cockatiels were submitted for disease diagnosis to the Avian Disease Division of the Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency of Korea. The cockatiels, which appeared dehydrated and underweight, had exhibited severe diarrhea and 22 % mortality over 2 weeks. Traditional diagnosis did not reveal the causes of these symptoms.

The Mediating Effect of Life Satisfaction on Relation between Perceived Physical Attractiveness and Health-Promoting Lifestyle in Korean Adults.

Physical attraction, perceived in terms of satisfaction with body image and interpersonal relationships, can be an essential factor in an individual's emotional and social well-being. However, empirical studies that link physical attraction to health are limited. This study explores the mediating effect of life satisfaction on the relation between perceived physical attractiveness and lifestyle of health, making an effort to reach an optimal state in physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual domains in Korean adults.

Viral Metagenomic Analysis of Japanese Quail () with Enteritis in the Republic of Korea.

We performed viral metagenomics analysis of Japanese quail affected with enteritis to elucidate the viral etiology. Metagenomics generated 21,066,442 sequence reads via high-throughput sequencing, with a mean length of 136 nt. Enrichment in viral sequences suggested that at least three viruses were present in quail samples.