Design, Synthesis, and Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of ()-5-Benzylidene-2-(naphthalen-1-ylamino)thiazol-4(5)-one Analogs: In Vitro and In Vivo Insights.

Fifteen compounds (-) constructed on a hybrid structure combining a β-phenyl-α,β-unsaturated carbonyl template and a 2-aminothiazol-4(5)-one scaffold were designed and synthesized as potential novel anti-tyrosinase substances. Two compounds ( and ) showed more potent inhibition against mushroom tyrosinase than kojic acid, and the inhibitory activity of (IC value: 1.60 μM) was 11 times stronger than that of kojic acid.

Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown. We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.

High-affinity promotor binding of YhaJ mediates a low signal leakage for effective DNT detection.

The YhaJ transcription factor responds to dinitrophenol (DNT) and its metabolic products. The YhaJ-involving cells have been exploited for whole-cell biosensors of soil-buried landmines. Such biosensors would decrease the damage to personnel who approach landmine fields.

Characteristics of successful expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) utilizing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has emerged as a successful treatment modality for various malignancies. However, TILs cultured from colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis remain underexplored. Fifteen CRC liver metastasis tissues underwent initial expansion (IE) of TILs and rapid expansion (REP).

Impact of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization on Clinical Characteristics, Antibiotic Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine effects of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) in general wards on characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with HAP admitted to 16 tertiary or university hospitals in Korea from July 2019 to December 2019. From the entire cohort, patients who developed pneumonia in general wards with known colonization status before the onset of pneumonia were included in this study.

Dynamic microbial changes in exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Microbial profiles in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) provide insights for predicting, preventing, and treating exacerbations. This study aimed to analyze the impact of microbial diversity and spectrum on COPD exacerbation.

Methods: From November 1, 2018, to May 31, 2023, we prospectively enrolled patients with stable disease (SD) and exacerbation of COPD (ECOPD).

Comparative effectiveness of self-learning and instructor-assisted pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: A prospective randomized study.

Background: Unlike that for adults, training for cardiopulmonary resuscitation of infant and child is scarce, and warrants efforts for greater accessibility. Effective self-learning could expand training accessibility and facilitate the development of effective infant and child cardiopulmonary resuscitation training methods.

Aim: This study was conducted to develop a pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation self-learning training program, implement nurse training, and evaluate training effectiveness by comparing trainees' achievement of self-efficacy in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation, with or without instructor assistance.

Nailfold videocapillaroscopy findings correlate with lung outcomes in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies-related interstitial lung disease.

Objectives: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a diverse group of muscle diseases often complicated by interstitial lung disease (ILD), which significantly impacts morbidity and mortality. Krebs von den Lungen-6 (sKL-6) has been proposed as a biomarker for ILD severity. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) detects microvascular changes, but its diagnostic and prognostic value in IIM remains unclear.

Application of machine learning for delirium prediction and analysis of associated factors in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A comparative study using the Korean Multidisciplinary cohort for delirium prevention (KoMCoDe).

Background: The incidence of delirium in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is linked to adverse health outcomes. Predicting the occurrence and risk factors of delirium is key to preventing its sudden onset.

Aims: To explore the factors associated with delirium in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and to compare the performance of various machine learning (ML) techniques for future use in predicting delirium.

Survival Is Just the Beginning of Recovery: A Qualitative Study of Survivors' Experiences after Severe Injury.

Purpose: Patients experience severe physical trauma every year. However, studies on survivors' experiences after severe injury are limited. Previous studies have mainly focused on time spans of trauma treatment.

Customizable Self-Microemulsifying Rectal Suppositories by Semisolid Extrusion 3D Printing.

: This study aims to create an innovative self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) suppository for ibuprofen (IBU) using semisolid extrusion (SSE) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. : Based on solubility studies and the ability to form a transparent microemulsion upon dilution, a selected oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant were utilized to prepare SMEDDS-3DPS containing IBU. The optimal formulation consisted of 10% Triacetin, 80% Gelucire 48/16, and 10% Tetraethylene glycol.

Appropriate Allergic Rhinitis Medications Can Reduce Systemic Steroid Requirement and Prevent Rhinosinusitis.

: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is quite common and sometimes it requires systemic steroids and can be accompanied by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), rhinosinusitis, or asthma. We aimed to determine the comparative effect of different types of AR medications on clinical prognosis in real-world settings. : We used national claims data provided by the National Health Insurance Service in the Republic of Korea.

Comparative Analysis of Classification Criteria in IgG4-Related Disease and Evaluating Diagnostic Accuracy from a Retrospective Cohort in Clinical Practice.

Introduction: We conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of the Okazaki, Umehara, and American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) classification criteria for diagnosing immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a single tertiary hospital, using expert clinical judgment as the gold standard. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of the Okazaki, Umehara, and ACR/EULAR criteria in a cohort of 41 patients with suspected IgG4-RD.

Heat-treated brown rice starch structure and effect on short-chain fatty acids and mouse intestinal microbiota.

Rice with high resistant starch (RS) exhibits the potential to improve glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity. In this study, using two rice varieties-Samgwang, a medium-amylose rice, and Dodamssal, a high-amylose rice containing RS-we analyzed the composition and molecular structural characteristics of brown rice and its starch and the effects on fasting blood glucose levels, fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), and gut microbiota after 8 weeks of consumption in mice. The amylose content of heat-treated Samgwang (HS) and -Dodamssal (HD) was 21.

Incorporating Heterogeneous Interactions for Ecological Biodiversity.

Understanding the behaviors of ecological systems is challenging given their multifaceted complexity. To proceed, theoretical models such as Lotka-Volterra dynamics with random interactions have been investigated by the dynamical mean-field theory to provide insights into underlying principles such as how biodiversity and stability depend on the randomness in interaction strength. Yet the fully connected structures assumed in these previous studies are not realistic, as revealed by a vast amount of empirical data.

Embryotrophic effect of exogenous protein contained adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulate cell metabolism and various biological processes by delivering specific proteins and nucleic acids to surrounding cells. We aimed to investigate the effects of the cargo contained in EVs derived from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the porcine embryonic development.

Methods: ASCs were isolated from porcine adipose tissue and characterized using ASC-specific markers via flow cytometry.

Phytase and nutrient-energy matrix: a strategic approach to enhancing the performance of broiler chickens fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet.

Objective: This study examined the effects of a nutrient matrix with or without phytase on the performance of broiler chicken.

Methods: A total of 2000 day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were assigned to 5 dietary treatments, with 10 broilers per replicate and 40 replicates per treatment. The experimental diets included 1.